Local economic systems

Economy, containing 14 variables, related to the local economic system ... 

For the sake of synthesis, what must be noted is the relevance of the variable represented by pubhc information which-although indirectly-seems to be perceived as the key aspect for a broadly accepted development of a biorefinery at local level. Another relevant role is felt to be played by subsides, which are perceived to transmit a positive feedback directly to the development of a biorefinery, although it is also clear that it is capable of generating negative effects on markets distortion since it may destabilize the equihbrium of the whole local economic system. 

It is however visible that most of these constraints are not natural or naturally fixed , but can be removed by training, research and development measures specifically targeting organic exporters. A few exemptions are transportation infrastructures and long distances to markets, which cannot be shortened - except if new markets open up, like the Middle East for Africa, or growing domestic or intra-African markets, as well as local or export infrastructure and logistics (e.g. airfreights), which are subject to a more complex overall economic system. 

Power stations of less than 100 kW are perfectly feasible too. It all depends on local economic conditions, which will define the profitability of the system. 

Pipelines are a vital part of the energy and chemical transportation infrastructure of modern society. They are generally viewed as a safe and economical means to deliver liquid and gas fuels and chemical raw materials to customers. However, the perception of their safety varies with segments of the population. The most common pipeline with which the average person is familiar is the gas main of the local gas distribution system with service connections to homes and businesses in communities. The overall pipeline infrastructure is much more and includes long-distance transmission pipelines in addition to local distribution system pipelines. Besides natural gas, transmission pipelines transport crude oil, gasoline, petroleum products, and chemical products. 

Richard Douthwaite Green Books 1996 A useful and comprehensive collection of alternative economic systems which bring back control to a more local level. There is also a powerful statement explaining the importance of adopting more of such systems. 

Besides, it will also create conditions prerequisite for the efficient use of financial resources, stable operation and efficient performance of the economic systems of the region and local improvement of wealth and welfare. 

In addition to the previous observation, large-scale schemes are not strongly Unked with local agricultural systems and the rural community since they are highly responsive to biomass world markets (e.g., vegetable oils from Asian or North African countries) instead of locally produced biomass (the so-called zero-miles supply system). Consequently, in rural areas, the large-scale schemes may not activate any virtuous economic effects on local communities and, at the same time. 

When a ventilation system removes air from a space through dilution or local exhaust, the contaminants go elsewhere with the removed air, usually outdoors. Outdoor air quality standards limit the dumping of contaminants. As a result, it is common to clean the contaminants from the exhausted air. Some contaminants collected by local exhaust systems may have economic value. There are several types of equipment for removing airborne particulates and gases or vapors from exhausted air. See Section 25-6. 

Because biomass production is widely dispersed geographically, biobased industrial products can potentially form the basis of both local and worldwide economic systems that are much more equitable and balanced. Also because biomass production is widely dispersed, resource-driven international conflicts over petroleum might be minimized or avoided entirely. 

While Zimbabwe s experience shows that African countries can manufacture drugs for their local health system, and illustrates some ways in which health and industrial policies can be aligned, it is also a grim history of how economic crisis drives loss of industrial development opportunities in pharmaceuticals. 

However in this case, purposive support for local manufacturing was provided. The Extended Support Programme funded by the European Union and DFID (the UK Department For International Development) supported local manufacturers CAPS Pharmaceuticals and Varichem in Zimbabwe to manufacture and supply medicines to the local health system during the era of economic collapse (Table 13.1). This example shows that donor-funded programmes can support local industry and operate as an effective industrial policy tool. Table 13.1 shows that CAPS and Varichem were contracted to supply more than US 4 million worth of drugs to the programme. The contract value shows the values... 

More than 10 000 databases exist that provide a small or large amount of data on various topics (including chemistry). The contents in databases are supplied by approximately 3500 database developers (e.g., the Chemical Abstracts Service, MDL Information Systems, etc.). Since there is a variety of topics from economics to science, as well as a variety of structures of the database, only some of the vendors (-2000) offer one or more databases as either local or as online databases (Figure 5-4) [4]. Usually, databases are provided by hosts that permit direct access to more than one database. The search occurs primarily through different individual soft-... 

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