Lithium rocking chair battery

In summary, cycling of a lithium ion battery is attended by lithium ions passing through the electrolyte from the negative to the positive electrode on charge, and in the opposite direction on discharge. For this reason the term rocking-chair batteries was coined for batteries of this type. 

Lithium ion batteries use insertion processes for both the positive and negative electrodes, leading to the term rocking chair battery. The resulting transport of Li ions between the electrodes, usually... 

As the storage on the anode side is similar to the storage on the cathode side if TiS2 is used, the lithium is rocked backward and forward between two intercalation electrodes. This gave rise to the name rocking chair battery. Nowadays, such batteries are termed Li-ion battery, even though it is always Li = Li+ + e that is stored. 

As Figure 14 shows, the combination of two lithium insertion materials (characterized by two different potentials of the lithium insertion process) yields a cell—the so-called rocking chair battery , after Armand [105] and Scrosati et al. [106]—in which during discharge lithium ions are released from the anode and travel through the electrolyte toward the cathode without variation in the composition of the... 

Lithium-ion batteries are important types of secondary batteries in which lithium ions (Li" ] keep traveling back and forth between the anode and the cathode through the electrolyte in charging/ discharging cycles, thus gaining the name "rocking chair batteries" (see Fig. 6.1] [1-3],... 

FIGURE 11.11. Schematic representation of a metal-free lithium battery (or rocking-chair battery) during the discharge. The LT ions rock between the two intercalation materials LiCoO and Li C electrodes. The iimnediate advantages expected for such a battery are the high energy density and the safety behavior. (From Julien, C. and... 

Performances of the three main types of rocking-chair batteries are presented in Table 11.10 and compared with the Ni-Cd and Ni-MH cells. In 1992, AT T Bellcore demonstrates the feasibility of the LixC6/LiMn204 couple for the development of a 0.4-A h lithium-ion rechargeable battery. This AA cell has been cycled 400 times at a C/1.5 rate between 2 and 4.6 V. Asahi/Toshiba jointly annoimced that they are going into production of the Li-ion battery soon for commercial and consmner applications. 

The concept of lithium rocking-chair cells or lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) is not new. It has been proposed in the late 1970s by Armand who suggested to use two different intercalation compounds as a positive and negative electrode, in the so-called rocking-chair battery, the lithium ions being transferred from one side to the other [35]. Practically they were demonstrated in the early 1980s [36]. 

Beginning in the early 1980s [20, 21] metallic lithium was replaced by lithium insertion materials having a lower standard redox potential than the positive insertion electrode this resulted in a "Li-ion" or "rocking-chair" cell with both negative and positive electrodes capable of reversible lithium insertion (see recommended papers and review papers [7, 10, 22-28]). Various insertion materials have been proposed for the anode of rechargeable lithium batteries,... 

Lithium-ion (shuttle-cock, rocking-chair, swing) battery is widely considered as the most advanced power source for consumer electronics and is regarded as the most promising battery technology for a variety of other applications, such as electric vehicles, medicine and space exploration. One of the most critical factors in designing successful Li-ion cell is the choice of... 

In the rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, in which current-generating reactions are based on a "rocking chair" mechanism, the ions of lithium shift back and forth between the intercalation hosts of the cathode and anode. The... 

The need to develop high rate performance electrodes [116] in advanced batteries, such as rocking-chair (lithium-ion) cells [117], has led to efforts... 

Many of the intercalation batteries being studied now are so-called rocking chair or lithium ion cells, in which both electrodes are lithium intercalation compounds. Thus there is a need for electrodes with a low voltage vs lithium (for the anode) as well as those with a high voltage (for the cathode). Early studies of intercalation compounds for electrodes were part of a search for cathodes, not anodes, and may have passed over materials suitable for anodes. 

The concept of rocking-chair lithium batteries was confirmed experimentally by using lithiated oxides (LieFezOs, LiW02) as interaction anodes and other oxides (WO3, TiS2, V2O5) as cathodes in nonaqueous... 

Huang, F., Z.W. Fu, Y.Q. Chu, W.Y. Liu, and Q.Z. Qin. 2004. Characterization of composite 0.5Ag V205 thin-film electrodes for lithium-ion rocking chair and all-solid-state batteries. Electrochem. and Solid-State Lett. 7 A180-A184. 

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