Liquid wax

Liquid or solid films which reduce or prevent adhesion between surfaces solid-solid, solid-paste, solid-liquid. Waxes, metallic soaps, glycerides (particularly stearates), polyvinyl alcohol, polyethene, silicones, and fluorocarbons are all used as abherents in metal, rubber, food, polymer, paper and glass processing. 

Health Efozards Information - Recommended Personal Protective Equipment Goggles or face shield protective gloves and clothing for hot liquid wax Symptoms Following Exposure Hot wax can bum skin and eyes General Treatment for Exposure SKIN OR EYE CONTACT remove solidified wax from skin, wash with soap and water if in eyes, or if skin is burned, call a doctor Toxicity by Inhalation (ThresholdLimit Value) Not pertinent Short-Term Exposure Limits Not pertinent Toxicity by Ingestion Data not available Lctte Toxicity No data Vapor (Gas) Irritant Characteristics Nonvolatile Liquid or Solid Irritant Characteristics Hot wax can burn skin and eyes Odor Threshold Not... 

Silicones are a large group of compounds that include large polymers containing silicon. Depending on the formula and the degree of polymerization and cross-linking of the polymers, they may be slippery liquids, waxes, or rubbers. 

In making droplet-size tests liquid paraffin wax was atomized to produce a spray that appeared exactly like that produced with jet fuel. The small liquid-wax droplets solidified rapidly in the air, and the entire wax spray was directed into a funnel-like bath of flowing water, from which a sample of the water-borne spray was collected in a suitable vessel. 

Investigators also have described the potential of the jojoba plant. a native of the Sonoran desert of Mexico, Arizona, and California. The desert shrub produces seeds about the size of groundnuts (peanuts) which contain a liquid wax, frequently called jojoba oil. The oil is similar to... 

The marine animal waxes are both solid and liquid. The solid marine animal waxes are represented by a wax of considerable economic importance, namely spermaceti, derived from a concrete obtained from the head of the sperm whale. The liquid waxes of marine animals arc represented by speim oil obtained from the blubbei and cavities in the head of the sperm whale. Spermaceti is the wax used in the candle which defines our unit of candle power it is used chiefly as a base for ointments, cerates, etc. Sperm oil contains a considerable amount of esters made up of unsaturated alcohols and acids, both of which are susceptible to hydrogenation. Hydrogenated sperm oil is the equivalent of spermaceti wax and harder than the commercial pressed spermaceti. Both yield cetyl alcohol as the unsaponifiable. There is a fairly large demand for cetyl alcohol in the manufacture of lipstick, shampoo, and other cosmetics. Sperm oil itself is an excellent lubricant for lubricating spindles of cotton and woolen mills, or wherever there is need for a very light, limpid, nongummmg lubricant. 

Suspensions have long been of great practical interest because of their widespread occurrence in everyday life. Suspensions have important properties that may be desirable in a natural or formulated product, or undesirable, such as an unwanted suspension in an industrial process. Some important kinds of familiar suspensions include those occurring in foods like batters, puddings, and sauces (Chapter 13), pharmaceuticals like cough syrups and laxative suspensions (Chapter 14), household and industrial products like inks, paints, and liquid waxes (Chapter 12) and environmental occurrences like suspended lake and river sediments, and sewage (Chapter 9). 

Jojoba (Simmondsia chincnsis) This is not actually an oil but a liquid wax. It is good for cosmetic use with moisturizing properties and ideal for dry skin and conditions like eczema and psoriasis. It is similar chemically to sebum and able to dissolve it. The oil keeps well owing to a stable molecular structure and analysis shows both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, with eicosenoic (71%), oleic (14%), stearic (10%) and palmitic (1.5%). The presence of a compound called myristic acid is thought to confer anti-inflammatory properties. 

Leather was sometimes treated with wax to make it harder and more water-resistant. The most effective method was to immerse leather sheets or objects in hot liquid wax for some period of time, long enough for the wax to penetrate all the way through the skin. Leather items too big for this treatment could be coated with wax, but this was not as effective since the wax was then only on the surface. Waxed leather was commonly used for containers liquids, such as buckets, bottles, and cups. It was also used to make protective armor and shields for both people and horses. 

Low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch (LTFT) synthesis runs at temperatures between 200°C and 250°C [23-25]. The chain-growth probability at these conditions is much higher than for the HTFT, and as a consequence, the product distribution extends well into the liquid waxes. LTFT reactors are thus three-phase systems solid catalysts, gaseous reactants, and gaseous and liquid products. Both cobalt and iron... 

In this technique, a wax-like material, which is solid at room temperature, is melted and deposited by inkjet onto a substrate. The wax solidifies upon cooling, before a new layer of liquid wax is deposited. Support constructions are built in the same way as model construction layers and use the same material. 

The HTFT process operates with an iron based catalyst at about 350°C with the syngas passing through a fluidized bed of finely divided catalyst. Low temperatures cannot be used as the two phase system (gas and catalyst) would become defluidized by the formation of liquid waxes. At the higher temperature of the HTFT process, the catalyst is much more active than it is in the LTFT process and the hydrocarbon production rate is much higher. 

Garver et al. (1992) developed an assay that measures the activity of the acyl-CoA alcohol transacyiase involved in the biosynthesis of storage liquid wax esters in jojoba and some microbes and algae. 

Examples of formulations which may be good candidates for waivers based on volatility include viscous liquids, waxes, resins, lotions, tree injections, caulks, slow-release collars and ear tags. 

Light a candle and allow a drop or two of liquid wax to fall into the center of the pan. Press the candle upright onto the melted wax before it can solidify. If the candle burns too low during the following procedures, repeat this step with a new candle. 

One of the advantages of a TFBR is the ease with which the product separates from the catalyst the liquid waxes simply flow out of the catalyst bed. Also, if the reactor becomes contaminated with sulphur compounds, only the part of the catalyst bed closest to the reactant entrance will be de-activated, whereas with the SPR then, all the catalyst will be susceptible to poisoning. This disadvantage can be overcome by ensuring that sulphur removal processes for the syngas feedstock are wholly efficient. However, in contrast, there are a number of advantages of SPRs over TFBRs, which are as follows ... 

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