Liquefied petroleum gases propylene

An affiliate of Sinopec, the company manufactures chemicals, plastics and petroleum products. Major products include gasoline, diesel oil, naphtha, petroleum pitch, petroleum acid, sulphur, solvent oil, polypropylene (PP), urea, liquefied petroleum gas, propylene and propane. The company employs 12 440, and has an annual PP output of 15 200 tonnes. 

Fuel. Propylene has a net heating value of 45.8 MJ/kg (19,700 Btu/lb) and is often contained in refinery fuel-gas streams. However, propylene is diverted from streams for refinery fuel use in large quantities only when economics for other uses are unfavorable, or equipment for propylene recovery does not exist or is limited in capacity. Propylene is also contained in Hquid petroleum gas (LPG), but is limited to a maximum concentration of 5 vol % in certain grades (83) (see Liquefied PETROLEUM gas). 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas The term liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is applied to certain specific hydrocarbons which can be liquefied under moderate pressure at normal temperatures but are gaseous under normal atmospheric conditions. The chief constituents of LPG are propane, propylene, butane, butylene, and isobutane. LPG produced in the separation of heavier hydrocarbons from natural gas is mainly of the paraffinic (saturated) series. LPG derived from oil-refinery gas may contain varying low amounts of olefinic (unsaturated) hydrocamons. 

Absorption recovers valuable light components such as propane/propylene and butane/ butylene as vapors from fractionating columns. These vapors are bubbled through an absorption fluid, such as kerosene or heavy naphtha, in a fractionating-like column to dissolve in the oil while gases, such as hydrogen, methane, ethane, and ethylene, pass through. Absorption is effectively performed at 100 to 150 psi with absorber heated and distilled. The gas fraction is condensed as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The liquid fraction is reused in the absorption tower. 

The overhead stream from the debutanizer or stabilizer is a mix of C, s and C4 s, usually referred to as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas). It is rich in olefins, propylene, and butylene. These light olefins play an important role in the manufacture of reformulated gasoline (RFG). Depending on the refinery s configuration, the cat cracker s LPG is used in the following areas ... 

Propylene, like ethylene, is a colorless gas at room temperature. It is as flammable as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas or propane). In fact, propylene can be used as a. substitute or supplement to LPG. The fuel characteristics are nearly indistinguishable. However, the petrochemicals industry bids propylene away from the fuels market and gives it a much higher price than LPG. 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Isobutyric Acid N-Butyric Acid Propylene Gylcol Hydroxypropyl Acrylate... 

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS Bottled Gas, LPG Propane-butane-(propylene) Pyrofax, Flammable Compressed Gas 1 4 0 ... 

The main concern is the storage of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) which in this context can be propane and butane feedstock or product, or ethylene and propylene. The storage of LPG is costly and there are various technologies which depend on the amount of material to be stored. 

Propene is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of polypropylene, acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, isopropanol, and cumene. Refineries use much of their production of propene internally as a refinery heating gas, to produce alkylates in gasoline, and to produce liquefied petroleum gas. 

Propane Bottled gas (liquefied petroleum gas, LPG) Propylene Polypropylene, propylene glycol, cumene... 

The presence of propylene and butylenes in liquefied petroleum gas used as fuel gas is not critical. The vapor pressures of these olefins are slightly higher than those of propane and butane and the flame speed is... 

Synonyms/Trade Names Bottled gas, Compressed petroleum gas, Liquefied hydrocarbon gas. Liquefied petroleum gas, LPG [Note A fuel mixture of propane, propylene, butanes butylenes.]... 

When adjusting refrigerant composition by spiking in a light hydrocarbon, remember that the spike component must be dry. A truckload of propane or butane meeting commercial liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) specs is a safe bet. To make propane more volatile, using propylene as a spike is fine. However, propylene will form hydrates (an ice-type solid) in the presence of moisture at temperatures as high as SS F. 

The other scenario for a BLEVE is less likely in a lab but more commonly occurs in home or industrial settings. First, let s consider a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) container that is used for home barbeques. (LPG is typically at least 90% propane with the remainder being butane and propylene.) This is typically a 20-pound (4.76 gallon) container. When filled, the container is about 80% liquid and 20% vapor over the surface of the liquid, by volume. At ambient temperatures (about 70 °F or 21 °C) the vapor pressure inside the tank is about 8.4 atm. (Propane has a normal boiling point of -42 °C this is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is 1.0 atm.) These containers have relief valves set at about 25-32 atm. The cylinders are designed to rapture at pressures not less than about 65 atm. So what happens if such a cylinder is in a fire ... 

Ethylene is synthesized by steam cracking however, propylene is merely a by-product. Propylene is synthesized by other methods, such as propane dehydrogenation. FCC LPG (fluid catalytic cracking, liquefied petroleum gas) is an important propylene and butylenes source, as in Fig. 2.3. 

Palladium sulfate is used by at least one manufacturer. It has a positive interference from H2S but H2S may be removed in a preconditioning layer at the front of the tube. If this is the case the manufacturer will state some finite level of H2S where interference initiates (for example, greater than 500 ppm H2S causes a positive error). Consult manufacturers instruction sheets for this information. Propylene and hydrocarbons of five or more carbon atoms will cause interfering discolorations making the palladium sulfate detection principle ineffective for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). (Palladium chloride is used by at least one manufac-... 

Removal of COS from liquefied petroleum fractions (C3/C4) whose boiling point is close to that of propylene can be accomplished by treatment with aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide or alkanolamines. The process may be carried out either by gas-liquid or liquid-liquid operation and the latter seems to have many potential advantages (3). 

The liquefied petroleum gases are butane, isobutane, propane, propylene (propene), butylenes (butenes) and any mixtures of these hydrocarbons in the generally accepted definition of NFPA [1]. The gases are also denoted by the terms LP-gas or LPG. They are flammable, colorless, noncorrosive, and nontoxic. These gases are easily liquefied under pressure at ambient temperature, and are shipped and stored as liquids. They are largely used in gaseous and liquid form as fuels in many diverse applications. 

The liquefied petroleum gases in the paraffin series are chemically stable and odorless, and DOT and other regulating bodies require artificial odorization of propane and butane (except in technical uses where the odorant would harm further processing, and the odorant warning action would not be important). Propylene and the butenes (also denoted as butylenes) have an unpleasant odor characteristic of petroleum refinery gas or coal gas. 

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