2- lauric acid ester

Paprika contains capsombin and capsanthin (Fig. 8.3) which occur mainly as the lauric acid esters, and about 20 other carotenoid pigments. Paprika is produced in many countries which have developed their own specialties. Cayenne or cayenne pepper, produced from a different cultivar of C. annum, is usually more pungent. C. frutescens is the source of the very pungent Tabasco sauce. Paprika oleoresin is produced by solvent extraction of the ground powder. Obviously paprika supplies both flavor and color and its use is limited to those products compatible with the flavor. The recent rise in demand for tomato products in the form of pizza, salsa, etc., has increased the demand for paprika. Paprika is used in meat products, soups, sauces, salad dressings, processed cheese, snacks, confectionery and baked goods.1018... 

Sorbitol. Sorbitol is the sugar alcohol obtained by reduction of glucose and it can be dehydrated to either isosorbide or to 1,4- and 2,5-sorbitan in acid or base catalyzed processes, respectively. Using sulfonic acid functionalized MCM-41 type materials lauric acid esters of isosorbide can be achieved quite selectively starting from sorbitol (>95% selectivity towards isosorbide dilaurate at 33% lauric acid conversion) in a dehydration-esterification... 

The manufacture of certain fabrics requires the use of oil. Crepe is produced by treatment with oils sulphonated, lauric acid ester oils, or other soluble oils. 

Definition Oleic acid tetraester and lauric acid ester of ethoxylated sorbitol with avg. 30 moles EO... 

Definition Sodium salt of the lauric acid ester of isethionic acid Empirical C14H28O5S Na Formula CH3(CH2)ioCOOCH2CH2S03Na Uses Antistat, surfactant in cosmetics, syndet bars, liq. skin cleansers Sodium lauroyl lactylate CAS 13557-75-0 EINECS/ELINCS 236-942-6 Synonyms Dodecanoic acid, 2-(1-carboxyethoxy)-1 -methyl-2-oxoethyl ester, sodium salt Sodium 2-(1-carboxylatoethoxy)-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl laurate Definition Sodium salt of the lauric acid ester of lactyl lactate... 

Trade Names TOXIMUL SEE-340 PEG 2000 sorbitol. See Sorbeth-40 PEG-5 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-5 PEG-6 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-6 PEG-10 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-10 PEG-20 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-20 PEG-30 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-30 PEG-40 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-40 PEG-55 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-55 PEG 300 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-6 PEG 1000 sorbitol ether. See Sorbeth-20 PEG-40 sorbitol hexaoleate (INCI). See PEG-40 sorbitan hexaoleate PEG-50 sorbitol hexaoleate (INCI). See PEG-50 sorbitan hexaoleate PEG 2000 sorbitol hexaoleate. See PEG-40 sorbitan hexaoleate PEG-30 sorbitol tetraoleate laurate Synonyms POE (30) sorbitol tetraoleate laurate Definition Oleic acid tetraester and lauric acid ester of ethoxylated sorbitol with avg. 30 moles EO Uses Emulsifier in cosmetics Manuf/Distrib. Somerset Cosmetic Co. Variati Trade Names Cirrasol G1144... 

Another ester synthesis employs the reaction of a long-chain ketone and pentaerythritol in xylene or chlorobenzene (14). Mixed esters have been produced using mixed isostearic and cyclohexane carboxyUc acids in trihromophosphoric acid, followed by reaction with lauric acid (15). 

Bayberry Wax. Bayberry wax [8038-77-5] is removed from the surface of the berry of the bayberry (myrtle) shmb by boiling the berries in water and skimming the wax from the surface of the water. The wax is green and made up primarily of lauric, myristic, and palmitic acid esters. The wax has a melting point of 45°C, an acid number of 15, a saponification number of 220, and an iodine number of 6. The wax has an aromatic odor and is used primarily in the manufacture of candles and other products where the distinctive odor is desirable. 

Many of the surfactants made from ethyleneamines contain the imidazoline stmcture or are prepared through an imidazoline intermediate. Various 2-alkyl-imidazolines and their salts prepared mainly from EDA or monoethoxylated EDA are reported to have good foaming properties (292—295). Ethyleneamine-based imida zolines are also important intermediates for surfactants used in shampoos by virtue of their mildness and good foaming characteristics. 2- Alkyl imidazolines made from DETA or monoethoxylated EDA and fatty acids or their methyl esters are the principal commercial intermediates (296—298). They are converted into shampoo surfactants commonly by reaction with one or two moles of sodium chloroacetate to yield amphoteric surfactants (299—301). The ease with which the imidazoline intermediates are hydrolyzed leads to arnidoamine-type stmctures when these derivatives are prepared under aqueous alkaline conditions. However, reaction of the imidazoline under anhydrous conditions with acryflc acid [79-10-7] to make salt-free, amphoteric products, leaves the imidazoline stmcture essentially intact. Certain polyamine derivatives also function as water-in-oil or od-in-water emulsifiers. These include the products of a reaction between DETA, TETA, or TEPA and fatty acids (302) or oxidized hydrocarbon wax (303). The amidoamine made from lauric acid [143-07-7] and DETA mono- and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is a very effective water-in-od emulsifier (304). 

Most of the technically produced a-sulfo fatty esters are prepared from unbranched saturated fatty acid esters that are derived from 8 22 carboxylic acids and Cj-C3 alcohols. In particular the C12 (lauric), C14 (myristic), C16 (palmitic), and C18 (stearic) acids are interesting because the ester sulfonates... 

A soap-based powder can be produced in combination with ester sulfonates. Thirty-five percent of a sodium soap mixture (5% lauric acid, 5% myristic acid, 52% palmitic acid, 21% stearic acid, 12% oleic acid, and 5% linoleic acid) is mixed with 15% sodium a-sulfo palm oil fatty acid methyl ester, 3% lauric acid ethoxylate, 5% sodium silicate, 17% sodium carbonate, 20% Na2S04- 10H2O, and 5% water [79]. 

Sodium a-sulfomethylmyristate is used together with the sodium salt of hardened beef tallow fatty acid to produce a soap with little skin irritation [88]. Shampoos for application to hair as well as skin comprise a-sulfo fatty acid ester salts, fatty acid dialkanolamides, and citric acid. For example, a shampoo that consists of 15% sodium a-sulfoethylmyristate, 3% lauric acid diethanolamide, 0.5% citric acid, and 81.5% water is very effective even in hard water and only slightly irritating to the skin [89]. 

By the enzymatic esterification of diglycerol with lauric acid, the corresponding monolaurate ester is obtained [84]. This is an important industrial reaction for the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and feed industries, since this ester is used as biodegradable non-ionic surfactant. In recent years, the synthesis of this and other polyglycerols with fatty acids has attracted growing interest in industry, leading also to a demand for enantiomerically and isomerically pure products. 

Using PTLC six major fractions of lipids (phospholipids, free sterols, free fatty acids, triacylglycerols, methyl esters, and sterol esters) were separated from the skin lipids of chicken to smdy the penetration responses of Schistosoma cercaria and Austrobilharzia variglandis [79a]. To determine the structure of nontoxic lipids in lipopolysaccharides of Salmonella typhimurium, monophosphoryl lipids were separated from these lipids using PTLC. The separated fractions were used in FAB-MS to determine [3-hydroxymyristic acid, lauric acid, and 3-hydroxymyristic acids [79b]. 

Laurie acid, 30, 106 31, 69 Lauric acid, vinyl ester, 30,106 Laurone, 31, 68 Lauroyl chloride, 31, 68 Lead acetate trihydrate, 31, 19 Lead sulfide, 31, 19... 

Lauryl alcohol has been prepared by the reduction of the aldehyde with zinc dust and acetic acid 1 by the reduction of esters of lauric acid with sodium and absolute alcohol 2 or with sodium, liquid ammonia, and absolute alcohol 3 by the reduction of lauramide with sodium and amyl alcohol.4 The method in the above procedure is essentially that described by Levene and Allen.5... 

Figure 11.2 Py/silylation GC/MS chromatograms of aged linseed oil pyrolysed in the pre sence of HMDS, (a) Pyrogram obtained with a microfurnace pyrolyser pyrolysis temperature 600 °C furnace pressure 14 psi purge flow 0.5 ml min (b) Pyrogram obtained with a resistively heated filament pyrolyser pyrolyser interface I80°C transfer line 300°C valve oven 290°C. 1, Hexenoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 2, hexanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 3, heptenoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 4, heptanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 5, octenoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 6, octanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 7, nonenoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 8, nonanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 9, decanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 10, lauric acid, trimethylsilyl ester 11, suberic acid, trimethylsilyl diester 12, azelaic acid, trimethylsilyl diester 13, myristic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 14, sebacic acid, trimethylsilyl diester 15, palmitic acid, trimethylsilyl ester 16, stearic acid, trimethylsilyl ester...

A solution of commercially available (5)-2-amino-octane (86 mg, 0.67 mmol), lauric acid ethyl ester (228 mg, 1.00 mmol), A/A -diethyl-2-mercapto-propionamide (129 mg, 0.80 mmol) and Novozym 435 (134 mg) in heptane (6.7 mL) was heated for 8 h at 80 °C in the presence of AIBN (the overall quantity of 30 mol% of AIBN (40 mg, 0.24 mmol) was divided into four equal portions that were added successively at 2 h intervals). 

Fig. 5.4.7 HPLC resolution at 35°C of a standard mixture of free BA naphthacyl esters (3.18 x 10 6 M). Chromatogram (a) 1 UDCA, 2 CA, 3 CDCA, 4 DCA, 5 lauric acid (the internal standard), 6 LCA. Chromatogram (b) blank, consisting of reagent kept at reaction conditions. R is the reagent peak in both chromatograms (reprinted from [20])...

The ethyl esters of caprylic, capric, and lauric acids are not included in Figure 6. However, they should all fall to the left of the curve for ethyl valerate and exhibit a somewhat steeper volatility gradient. 

Aliphatic acids or esters Mostly high-molecular-weight compounds diethyl phthalate lauric acid Papermaking wood-pulp suspensions water-based paints food processing... 

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