Lactobacillus lactis

Chitooligomers set free by hydrolases become carbon sources for the growth of intestinal bacteria. Lactobacillus lactis utilizes the oligomers (GlcNAc)i-6, the monomer and dimer being bifidogenic substances [261 -263]. 

The solution to the assay problem came from the fortunate finding by Mary Schorb, then working in the poultry industry, of a microorganism, Lactobacillus lactis dorner, which required vitamin B]2 for growth. With much quicker and more reliable assays the vitamin was isolated in 1948 in both the Merck and Glaxo laboratories. Its structure was determined by X-ray crystallography by Lenhert and Hodgkin (1961). 

Microbial growth studies also gave an important clue to the intracellular role of vitamin B12 when it was observed that the presence of thymidine overcame the need for B12 in the culture medium of Lactobacillus lactis dorner, suggesting B12 was required for the biosynthesis of thymidine. 

Lactobacillus lactis A Lactobacillus lactis B Lactobacillus lactis VI04 Lactobacillus lactis 431 Lactobacillus lactis kw Lactobacillus lactis V109 Lactobacillus lactis, myc Lactobacillus bulgaricus 488 Lactobacillus bulgaricus 444 Lactobacillus bulgaricus R Lactobacillus bulgaricus V71 Lactobacillus bulgaricus VI2 S and... 

Eggimann, B. and Bachmann, M. 1980. Purification and partied characterization of an aminopeptidase from Lactobacillus lactis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 40, 876-882. 

Korkeala, H., Soback, S. and Hirn, J. 1984. Effect of cadmium on the growth of Lactobacillus lactis, L. helviticus end Streptococcus thermophilus in milk. J. Dairy Res. 51, 591-596. 

In the early 1940s nutritional studies of young animals raised on diets lacking animal proteins and maintained out of contact with their own excreta (which contained vitamin B12) demonstrated the need for "animal protein factor" which was soon shown to be the same as vitamin B12. The animal feeding experiments also demonstrated that waste liquors from streptomyces fermentations used in production of antibiotics were extremely rich in vitamin B12. Later this vitamin was recognized as a growth factor for a strain of Lactobacillus lactis which responded with half-maximum growth to as little as 0.013 pg/l(10-nM). 

HEMOMIN HEPAGON HEPAMS HEPCOVITE LACTOBACILLUS LACTIS DORNER FACTOR LLD FACTOR MACRABIN MEGABION . MEGALOVEL... 

El-Soda, M., Abd El-Wahab, H., Ezzat, N., Desmazeaud, M. J., and Ismail, A. (1986). The esterolytic and lipolytic activities of the lactobacilli. II. Detection of esterase system of Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Lait 66, 431-443. 

Meyer, J., and Jordi, R. (1987). Purification and characterization of X-prolyl-dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase from Lactobacillus lactis and from Streptococcus thermophilus. J. Dairy Sci. 70, 738-745. 

Norton PM, Wells JM, Brown HWG, Macpherson AM, Le Page RWF (1997) Protection against tetanus toxin in mice nasally immunized with recombant Lactobacillus lactis expressing tetanus toxin fragment C. Vaccine 15 616- 649... 

Joshi, D.S., Singhvi, M.S., Khire, J.M., and Gokhale, D.V. (2010) Strain improvement of Lactobacillus lactis for d-lactic acid production. Biotechnol. Lett., 32, 517-520. 

Bai, D.-M., Zhao, X.-M., Li, X.-D., and Xu, S.-M. (2004) Strain improvement and metabolic flux analysis in the wild-type and a mutant Lactobacillus lactis strain for L(H-)-lactic acid production. BiotechnoL Bioeng., 88, 681-689. 

Mahewu Maize Refreshing beverage lb. delbrueckii, Lactobacillus lactis South Africa (Blandino et al., 2003)... 

Mawfe Maize Intermediate product used to prepare beverages, porridges lb. fermentum, Lactobacillus reuteri. Lb. brevis, Lactobacillus confusus Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus, lactis. Fed. pentosaceus. Fed. acidi-lactici, Leuc. mesenteroides Benin, Togo (Hounhouigan, Nout, Nago, Houben, Rombouts, 1993)... 

Lactobacillus lactis Saccharose and molasses or pineapples syrup 232... 

Singhvi M, Joshi D, Adsul M,Varma A, Gokhale D. D-(L)-Lactic acid production from ceUobiose and cellulose by Lactobacillus lactis mutant RM2-24. Green Chem 2010 12 1106-9. 

Shorb, M.S., 1947. Unidentified essential growth factors for Lactobacillus lactis found in refined liver extracts and in certain natural materials. Journal of Bacteriology. 53 669. 

Fig. 37 Results of XPS analysis of lactic bacteria, expressed in terms of weight % of polysaccharides (PS), proteins (Pr), and hydrocarbons (HC). Lactobacillus helveticus (circles) and Lactobacillus lactis (squares), harvested in exponential (closed symbols) and in stationary growth phase (open symbols) ...

Cyanocobalamin (Formula 6.17) was isolated in 1948 from Lactobacillus lactis. Due to its stability and availability, it is the form in which the vitamin is used most often. In fact, cyanocobalamin is formed as an artifact in the processing of biological materials. Cobalamins occur naturally as adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin, which instead of the cyano group contain a 5 -deoxyadenosyl residue and a methyl group respectively. 

The absence of a response to vitamin Bi2 may be due not only to bound forms, but also to the presence of inhibitors. The competitive inhibition of Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus Idchmannii, and Euglena gracilis by vitamin B12 precursors and degradation products has been discussed by Woolley (55) and Hendlin and Soars (16). Experiments by Stokstad,... 

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