Italy research

In Italy research on urban areas has been low. Napoli is a very densely populated city, located near the sea and included in one of the largest urbanised and densely populated areas in the world. In particular, the presence and the activities in the eastern and western districts of the city, respectively, of various oil refineries (Q8, AGIP, ESSO) along with combustible deposits and of steelworks (ILVA, Cementir) and chemical industrial plants (Etemit, Montedison) have produced widespread trace metal contamination of the surroundings green areas. 

In Italy, researchers began to investigate the relationship between these contaminants and bees at the beginning of the 1980s, focusing on two areas. The first involved an assessment of the quantities of heavy metals contained in beehive products, honey in particular, whereas the second... 

There were obvious worries about the impact of the use of heavy metals on the environment, on the soil and on the plants grown under films containing the proposed formulation. In collaboration with Casalicchio and Bertoluzza of the Bologna University, Department of Agriculture, Italy, research lasting three years was carried out in order to investigate this concern. Attention was paid to the nickel component as the iron contained in the films is not a pollutant and is not considered harmful to vegetation. It may, in fact, be considered useful in cases of ferric chlorosis which is very common in calcareous soils. 

Fondazioe Institute Insubrico Ricerca per la Vita (FIIRV), Milan, Italy Research Institute for Scientists Emeriti, Drew University, Madison, NJ, USA... 

CRA-Centro di Ricerca per la Viticoltura (CRA-VIT), Conegliano, Italy Istituto di Frutti-Viticoltura, Universita Cattolica S. Cuore, Piacenza, Italy Universita degli Studi, Milano, Italy Research and Innovation Centra Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all Adige, Italy University of Udine, Udine, Italy Istituto di Genomica Applicata, Udine, Italy... 

The work presented in this paper was the result of the joint effort with the following colleagues. For the simulations on catalysis Simonetta larlori (IBM Italy), Franco Buda (Scuola NormaJe Superiore, Pisa, Italy) and Gerard van Doremaele (DSM Research) were involved. For the work on polyethylene the simulations were performed by Joost Hageman, with help from Martina Heinemann and Rob de Groot (all University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands). 

Another way in which academic chemists keep in touch with industry is through consulting. During the years I consulted at different times for Exxon, Chevron, Cyanamid, ENICHEM (Italy), and Pechiney-Kuhlman (Erance, when a friend, Lucien Sobel, was a research director). I enjoyed these contacts, because they kept me aware of current industrial developments and interests. At the same time, it was also rewarding to be able to suggest to my industrial friends new approaches and directions that on occasion were useful and resulted in practical applications. 

Only a few of the proposed processes have received serious attention. One such is the chloride cycle, called the Mark 9, developed at the European Joint Research Center, (JRC Euratom) at Ispra, Italy ... 

P. Vincen ini, ed.. Advanced Ceramic Processes, Proceedings of the 3rd International Meeting of Modem Ceramics Technology, National Research Council, Research Laboratory of Ceramics Technology, Paen2a, Italy, 1978. 

M. Balaban, The Desalination Directory, Balaban Research PubHcations, Mario Negri Sud Research Institute, Santa Maria Imbaro (Ch), Italy. 

Oxamide is produced commercially by Ube Industries, Ltd. (Japan) and a pilot process is being operated by Enichem (Italy). It is not produced domestically as a commercial fertilizer, although it was the subject of much research and development activity by the Tennessee Valley Authority s (TVA) National Fertilizer Research and Development Center. It is made in small quantities for industrial use by AUied Chemical, Hummel Chemical Co., and United Guardian, Inc. Oxamide has appHcation as a controlled release nitrogen source for the turf and specialty agricultural markets. 

IBST, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Bedfordshire - MK45 4DT, UK -Institute of Crystallography - National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Section of via Salaria km 29.300 - 00016, Monterotondo Scalo (Rome), Italy Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71409 Iraklion, Crete, Greece d. g. varsamis. s02 cranfield. ac. uk... 

Warner-Vister Steroid Research Institute Casatenovo (Como), Italy... 

With the onset of World War 11, politics began to interfere with his research. Debye was actually forbidden to enter the Max Planck Institute which he directed because he refused to accept German citizenship. Despite obstruction by the German government, he left Germany by way of Italy and came to the United States. In 1940 he was appointed professor of chemistry and head of the department of chemistry at Cornell University. Six years later, he became an American citizen. During the war years his research turned toward the structure and particle size of high polymers. 

The catalyst companies were encouraged to resume their research activities in automotive catalysis in the late 1960 s as further tightening of automotive emissions standards became imminent, and it appeared that mere engine modifications might be inadequate to meet the new standards. A systems approach was first used upon the formation of the Inter-Industry Emission Control Program by the Ford Motor Company and the Mobil Oil Corporation in 1967, which was joined by a number of oil companies in the U.S. and a number of automobile companies in Italy, Japan, and Western Germany. 

Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra, Italy... 

Alessandro Lecci, Carlo Alberto Maggi Clinical Research Dept (AL) and Direction (CAM) of Menarini Ricerche, Florence, Italy... 

IRBM - Merck Research Laboratories, Pomezia, Italy... 

GIOVANNI FRANCO MORETTI and ICILIO ADAMI Research Development—Technology, Ballestra S.p.A., Milan, Italy... 

This work was supported financially by the Hungarian Research Foundation (OTKA T043551) and by the Universita di Palermo, (ORPA 06K3RK and ORPA 062ELE), Italy. 

G. Zambon" Chemistry Research Institute, Italy Dead Sea Bromine Group, Israel Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel University de Paris VII - C.N.R.S., France Tel Aviv University, Israel University College of Swansea, UK Concordia University, Canada University de Louvain, Belgium The Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel... 

Chiu, M. H. (2001). Promoting Chemical Education via Research AndInstructioN-Based/Oriented Work (RAINBOW). Paper presented at the 41st lUPAC World Chemistry Congress Chemistry protecting Health, Natural Environment and Cultural Heritage, Turin, Italy, August 5-11, 2007. 

Gleria M,Minto F,FlamigniL (1993) US US,5,260,283,Chem Abstr 115,123861 g (1991), assigned to The National Research Council of Italy... 

Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy... 

Schulz, Bernard, Art and Anatomy in Renaissance Italy (Massachussetts UMI Research Press, Studies in the Fine Arts Art Theory, second print, 1985). 

E Virgili and C. Scaccini, National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research, Italy, L. Packer, University of California, USA, and G. Rimbach, University of Reading, UK... 

S. Lorenzetti and F. Branca, National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research, Italy... 

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