Spent iron oxide

Iron oxide, spent, or Iron sponge, spent obtained from coal gas purification 1376... 

ARKOTINE (50-29-3) see DDT. ARMENIAN BOLE (1309-37-1) see iron oxide, spent. 

IRON OXIDE, SPENT (1309-37-1) Spent material resulting from coal gas purification is converted to iron disulfide. Finely divided or powdered iron disulfide, especially in the presence of water or moist air, will rapidly heat spontaneously and ignite, particularly in contact with combustible materials. It is a strong reducing agent and will react violently with oxidizers. 

Blaugas Coal Coal briquettes, hot Coal gas, 2.3 Coal gas, compressed, 2.1, 2.3 Coal tar, crude and solvent Coal tar distillates, flammable, 3, 3.2,3.3 Coal tar naphtha Coal tar oil Coke, hot Creosote Creosote (coal tar or wood tar) Creosote salts Cresols (o-, m-, p-), 6.1, 8 Cresols (ortho- meta- para-), liquid or solid, 6.1 Dead oil Fischer Tropsch gas Fischer-Tropsch gas compressed, 2.2 Iron oxide, spent (obtained fix)m coal gas purification), 4.2 Iron sponge, spent, 4.2 Iron sponge, spent (obtained from coal gas purification), 4.2 Prilled coal tar Synthesis gas Synthesis gas, compressed Water gas Water gas, compressed... 

Iron Oxide, Spent or Iron Sponge, Spent. A mixture of wood shavings with iron oxide and possibly lime or other material, which has been obtained from coal gas purification after saturation with sulphur. This spent material is very liable to spontaneous heating and ignition. ICAO A2... 

Inorganic, see Terminology, Inorganic, p.241 Iron oxide, spent (obtained from coal gas purification), see Coal, p.44 Iron sponge, spent (obtained from coal gas purification), see Coal, p.44 Metal, see Terminology, Metals, p.242... 

Synonyms Burnt sienna Cl 77491 Copperas red Ferrous ferrite Gulf red Indian red Iron mass, spent Iron oxide Iron oxide, spent Iron sponge, spent Pigment red 101 Pigment red 102 Red haematite Red iron oxide Red oxide Turkey red Definition Sienna, siderite, Persian red, Spanish red, and red ochre are natural iron oxide ores used as red pigments Empirical FejOj... 

Iron oxides (Fes04). See Iron oxide black Iron oxide, spent. See Iron oxide red Iron oxide yellow... 

Fig. 3. SEM photograph (a) and XRD patterns (b) of iron oxide powders in the spent salt sample...

Flydrochloric acid regeneration. This process is used to treat the spent pickle liquor containing free hydrochloric acid, ferrous chloride, and water that is obtained from steel finishing operations. The liquor is concentrated by heating to remove some of the water, followed by thermal decomposition in a roaster at temperatures (925 to 1050°C) sufficient for complete evaporation of water and decomposition of ferrous chloride into iron oxide (ferric oxide, Fe203) and hydrogen chloride (HC1) gas.19 The iron oxide is separated for offsite recovery or... 

In a laboratory experiment (Hitchcock Robinson, 1936), spent iron oxide from a gas works, containing 52 wt% of sulfur, was extracted with boiling benzol. The following data were obtained with 25 gm of oxide and 100 gm of benzol ... 

The iron oxide used in the purification of coal gas gradually becomes richer in sulphur and can repeatedly be revivified by exposure to air until the sulphur amounts to about 40 per cent., of the whole the mixture is then of greater value as a source of sulphur. The spent oxide, as it is commonly termed, is frequently applied to the production of sulphur dioxide or sulphuric acid, but the extraction of its sulphur by carbon disulphide has been effected as a successful commercial process using the system of counter-currents the mass is exhausted of sulphur, whilst a saturated solution of sulphur is obtained, from which the solvent can be distilled and returned to the extraction process. 

Iron oxides obtained after flame spraying of spent hydrochloric acid pickle liquor, red mud from bauxite processing, and the product of pyrites combustion are no longer of importance. They yield pigments with inferior color properties that contain considerable amounts of water-soluble salts. They can therefore only be used in low-grade applications. 

The effect of amending soil with other types of organic-rich material has also been investigated by sequential extraction. These materials include chicken manure and cowpea leaves (Li et al, 1997) spent mushroom compost, commercial humic acid and poultry litter (Shuman, 1998) and cow manure, pig manure and peat soil (Narwal and Singh, 1998). The mechanisms by which inorganic additives (zeolite, apatite and iron oxide) reduce uptake of Cd and Pb by crops have also been studied (Chlopecka and Adriano, 1997). 

The jarosite process separates icon(III) from zinc in acid solution by precipitation of MFe2(0H)g(S0 2 where M is an alkali metal (usuaUy sodium) or ammonium (see Fig. 2) (40,41). Other monovalent and hydronium ions also form jarosites which are found in the precipitate to some degree. Properly seeded, the relatively coarse jarosite can be separated from the zinc-bearing solution efficiently. The reaction is usuaUy carried out at 95 0 by adding ammonia or sodium hydroxide after the pH has been adjusted with calcine and the iron oxidized. The neutral leach residue is leached in hot acid (spent + makeup) with final acidity >20 g/L and essentiaUy aU the zinc, including ferrite, is solubilized. Ammonium jarosite is then precipitated in the presence of the residue or after separating it. If the residue contains appreciable lead or silver, they are first separated to avoid loss to the jarosite waste solids. Minimum use of calcine in jarosite neutralization is required for TnaxiTniiTn recovery of lead and silver as weU as zinc and other metals. 

The previous developed catalyst, consisting of iron oxide on a-alumina of a low specific surface area (6.5 m /g) and wide pores, exhibited a high selectivity. As reported by Berben et al. [1], chromium oxide was added to the iron oxide in order to decrease the rare of deactivation of the catalyst. This catalyst is now used commercially (31. The addition of chromium oxide has, however, some disadvantages. Firstly, the stability of the catalyst strongly depends on the distribution of (he chromium oxide through the iron oxide, which makes the production of the catalyst difficult. Secondly, the toxic nature of chromium causes problems with respect to the handling of the spent catalyst. 

See iron oxide process iron sponge, spent. 

Iron Oxide. In this process, H2S present in the feed gas is reacted with iron oxide to form iron sulfide. The iron sulfide can be regenerated either in situ or outside in air. After oxidation of the sulfur in situ, the S02 is released to the atmosphere with some diluent gas, such as the primary reformer flue gas. Regeneration in air releases S02 slowly in the atmosphere. Emission of S02 in the atmosphere is very strictly under regulatory control. However, this is not a very efficient method since the sulfur levels acceptable for ammonia plants cannot be achieved and a second-stage desulfurizer must be provided. Disposing of the spent iron oxide also can pose a problem due to the large volumes involved. 

It is manufactured by heating to a high temperature a mixture of potassium carbonate, scrap iron, and refuse animal material, such as horn shavings, hair, leather scraps, and blood. After cooling, the fused mass is extracted with water, filtered, and the solution evaporated to crystallization. Potassium ferrocyanide is also prepared on the commercial scale from the spent iron oxide from the purification of illuminating gas. It is used for... 

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