Chicken manure

Shore, L.S., Shemesh, M., and Cohen, R. (1988). The role of estradiol and estrone in chicken manure silage in hyperestrogenism in cattle. Australian Veterinary Journal 65, 68-68. 

Giga, D.P. 1987. Evaluation of the insect growth regulators cyromazine and diflubenzuron as surface sprays and feed additives for controlling houseflies Musca domestica (L.) in chicken manure. Inter. Pest Contr. 29 66-69. 

Haidar MA, Sidahmed MM (2000) Soil solarization and chicken manure for the control of Orobanche crenata and other weeds in Lebanon. Crop Prot 19 169-173. doi 10.1016/S0261-... 

Haidar MA, Iskandarani N, Sidahmed M, Baalbaki R (1999) Response of field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) seeds to soil solarization and chicken manure. Crop Prot 18 253-258. doi 10.1016/... 

Materials handled include food products, chalk, coal, organic chemicals, clays, spent coffee grounds, sewage sludge and chicken manure. Where exhaust gases have unpleasant odours, after-burners can be supplied to raise the temperature and bum off the organic and particulate content causing the problem. 

Several workers recommended a promising strategy by boosting the bioremediation of contaminated soil with cheap biomass products such as alfalfa, sawdust, chopped potato waste, apple pomace, cow and chicken manure, straw, or molasses in compost systems [215, 415-417]. These applications have led to transformations of TNT of more than 95% [414,415, 417] and were often accompanied by detoxification effects [414,418]. 

Blackberries need little fertilizing. If vigor declines, apply garden compost, well-rotted manure, or pelleted chicken manure. Hybrid berries benefit from a topdressing of garden compost every two to three years. 

Department of Health, Albany, N.Y. (1966). Studies on Chicken Manure Disposal. II Anaerobic Digestion, Research Report No. 12. Pp. 65 - 112. 

Animal by-products The USDA banned the use of mammalian bone meal in animal feed in 1997, but still allows such questionable ingredients as chicken feathers, chicken manure, and fish meal to be added to the feed of livestock as protein supplements. 

The effect of amending soil with other types of organic-rich material has also been investigated by sequential extraction. These materials include chicken manure and cowpea leaves (Li et al, 1997) spent mushroom compost, commercial humic acid and poultry litter (Shuman, 1998) and cow manure, pig manure and peat soil (Narwal and Singh, 1998). The mechanisms by which inorganic additives (zeolite, apatite and iron oxide) reduce uptake of Cd and Pb by crops have also been studied (Chlopecka and Adriano, 1997). 

Even in developed countries with established grids, the notion of bio-based electricity generation is gaining some momentum outside the obvious cost benefits to co-fired plants. Examples include the recent establishment of powergenerating plants in Scotland and New England that are fuelled by chicken manure. 

Huang, J. J. H., and Shih, J. C. H. 1981. The potential of biological methane generation from Chicken Manure. Biotech. Bioeng., 23, 2307-2314. 

Callaghan, F. J., Wase, D. A. J., Thayanithy, K., and Forster, C. F. (2002). Continuous codigestion of cattle slurry with fruit and vegetable wastes and chicken manure. Biomass Bioenergy 22(1), 71-77. 

When horse manure is used as the basic starting ingredient, the compost is considered a "horse manure compost" whereas "synthetic compost" refers to a compost using no horse manure. Straw, sometimes mixed with hay, is the base ingredient in synthetic composts. Because straw is low in potassium and phosphorus, these elements must be provided by supplementation and for this reason chicken manure is the standard additive for synthetic composts. No composts are made exclusively of hay because of its high cost and small fiber. In fact, mushroom growers have traditionally used waste products because they are both cheap and readily available. 

This group contains the materials most widely used by commercial growers and is characterized by a favorable carbon nitrogen balance. Dried chicken manure from broilers mixed with sawdust is commonly used and easy to handle. 

Gypsum should be added at a rate of 50-100 lbs per dry ton of ingredients. When supplementing with chicken manure, it is advisable to use The high rate. 

For synthetic composts Break the straw bales and water them thoroughly. Mix in group 1.4 or 5 supplements or chicken manure. Windrow. Start at day -5 if straw is short or has been chopped. 

Mix the chicken manure together with the straw, wetting both well. Avoid water run-off. 

Fruiting Substrate Composted wheat straw enriched with horse and/or chicken manure, adjusted to 70% moisture content. Also, pasteurized chopped wheat straw supports fruitings of this species. Garcha et al. (1979) reported that composts having The distinct scent of ammonia after Phase II supported the greatest fruitings of Coprinus comatus. 

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