Synthetic black iron oxide

Iron Oxides. In addition to the black iron oxide, there are several natural and synthetic yellow, brown, and red oxides. As a class, they provide inexpensive but dull, lightfast, chemically resistant, and nontoxic colors. The natural products ate known as ocher, sieima, umber, hematite, and limonite. These include varying amounts of several impurities in particular, the umbers contain manganese. Their use is limited because of low chroma, low tinting strength, and poor gloss retention. 

Ferric oxide Glycolic acid Iron oxide black Iron oxide red Magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Oieic acid polishing glass Silver oxide (ous) polishing medium, synthetic pearl Bismuth oxychloride polishing metals Chromium fluoride (ic)... 

Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, white lead, lithopone, antimony trioxide Carbon black, mineral black, black iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide, red lead oxide, cadmium red Chrome yellow, strontium yellow, zinc yellow, nickel titanate yellow, zinc chromate, earthen iron oxide (ochre)... 

Single-phase brown oxides of iron can be synthesized by controlled oxidation of black iron oxides. Different tones of brown can be prepared by controlling the oxidation process, and hence controlling the amount of Fe Og (red). Synthetic brown iron oxide is also synthesized by calcination of a-FeOOlT with controlled quantities of manganese compounds. These pigments are not widely used in... 

A group of synthetically produced iron oxide pigments with colours in the yellow-red-violet-black range, the term typically qualified by a colour descriptor (such as Mars red ). The mars colours emerged in the eighteenth century. 

Iron Oxide Reds. From a chemical point of view, red iron oxides are based on the stmcture of hematite, a-Fe202, and can be prepared in various shades, from orange through pure red to violet. Different shades are controlled primarily by the oxide s particle si2e, shape, and surface properties. Production. Four methods are commercially used in the preparation of iron oxide reds two-stage calcination of FeS047H2 O precipitation from an aqueous solution thermal dehydration of yellow goethite, a-FeO(OH) and oxidation of synthetic black oxide, Fe O. ... 

Iron Browns. Iron browns are often prepared by blending red, yellow, and black synthetic iron oxides to the desired shade. The most effective mixing can be achieved by blending iron oxide pastes, rather than dry powders. After mixing, the paste has to be dried at temperatures around 100°C, as higher temperatures might result in the decomposition of the temperature-sensitive iron yellows and blacks. Iron browns can also be prepared directiy by heating hydrated ferric oxides in the presence of phosphoric acid, or alkaU phosphates, under atmospheric or increased pressure. The products of precipitation processes, ie, the yellows, blacks, and browns, can also be calcined to reds and browns. 

Juices extracts (liquorize), spirits (orange, lemon), syrups (black currant), tinctures (ginger), and aromatic waters Mineral pigments (iron oxides), natural colorants, anthocyanins, carotenoids, chlorophylls riboflavine, red beetroot extract, and caramel synthetic organic dyes azo compounds... 

The continually increasing importance of iron oxide pigments is based on their nontoxicity chemical stability wide variety of colors ranging from yellow, orange, red, brown, to black and low price. Natural and synthetic iron oxide pigments consist of well-defined compounds with known crystal structures [3.1] ... 

Iron Browns. Iron browns are often prepared by blending red. yellow, and black synthetic iron oxides to the desired shade. The most effective mixing can be achieved by blending iron oxide pastes, rather than dry powders. 

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