Iron deficiency prevalence

Attention to iron metabolism is particularly important in women for the reason mentioned above. Additionally, in pregnancy, allowances must be made for the growing fetus. Older people with poor dietary habits ( tea and toasters ) may develop iron deficiency. Iron deficiency anemia due to inadequate intake, inadequate utilization, or excessive loss of iron is one of the most prevalent conditions seen in medical practice. 

Transferrin binds iron, transporting it to sites where it is required. Ferritin provides an intracellular store of iron. Iron deficiency anemia is a very prevalent disorder. Hereditary hemochromatosis has been shown to be due to mutations in HFE, a gene encoding the protein HFE, which appeats to play an important role in absorption of iron. 

Restless-legs syndrome occurs in 5% to 15% of the population, making it a common sleep disorder.11,12 The prevalence of RLS increases with age and in various medical conditions such as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), pregnancy, and iron deficiency.13 RLS appears to be more common in women than in men and has a genetic link. The majority of RLS patients (63% to 92%) report a positive family history.14... 

In contrast to the dissolution criteria used for water-soluble vitamins, the hierarchy for index minerals is based on their importance in public health. For example, iron was chosen as the number one index mineral because iron deficiency is the most prevalent condition in the United States and because iron is present in almost all the multivitamin-mineral combination products currently available on the... 

Iron status is improved in most oral contraceptive users because of reduced menstrual blood loss an important benefit of oral contraceptive use is therefore a reduction in the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (187). Much of the relevant research has been with higher dosages than are currently used. However, a study of a low-dose... 

Attempts to establish a connection between iron deficiency, impairment of neutrophil and lymphocyte function, and increased rate of infections have not been conclusive to date. One complicating issue in making the connection between iron deficiency and resultant infections is that some infections can induce iron deficiency. One example is the hookworm infection, described later in this section. Among the most severely iron-deficient people in the world are children in Africa in areas where malaria is prevalent. The children die of malaria rather than of physiological defects resulting from the iron deficiency. 

Iron deficiency is one of the most prevalent disorders of humans. It is particularly a disease of children, of young women, and of older people, but it occurs in people of all ages and all social strata. In children it is frequently caused by dietary deficiency, because milk has a low iron content. In adults it is almost always the result of chronic blood loss or childbearing. ... 

One of the most prevalent clinical problems observed in the elderly is anemia, although it is not an inevitable outcome of aging. The anemia is associated with an increased risk of mortality, poor health, and decreased physical functioning. Those with iron deficiency may have concurrent folic acid or vitamin B12 deficiency. 

Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in developing and developed countries and it is estimated that over 500 million people worldwide have IDA. ° Data from the Third NHANES indicates IDA is prevalent in 1% to 2% of adults. ... 

IDA is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality in the world. In the United States, the prevalence of IDA among children is declining due to improved iron supplementation. Data from the third NHANES indicated that 9% of children ages 12 to 36 months in the United States had iron deficiency and 3% had IDA. Another... 

Marx JIM. Iron deficiency in developed countries prevalence, influence of lifestyle factors and hazards of prevenhon. Eur J CUn Nutr 1997 51 491-494. 

Iron availability is low in rice and maize-based phytate-rich Third World diets, and blood losses due to hook-worm infections are frequent in these countries. Iron deficiency is the most widespread micronutrient deficiency besides vitamin A and iodide. The prevalence of iron deficiency may be as high as 60% in Third World pre-school children, and almost half of these children (26%) show iron-deficiency anemia (Romero-Abal et al. 1995). However, about half of the even higher prevalence for anemia of up to 70% in African women and children (Quar-shie and Amoaful 1998) seems attributable to inflammation and parasitic infections (Asobayire et al. 2001) and other micronutrient deficiencies, rather than to iron deficiency (Allen et al. 2000). Hypochromic microcytic iron-deficiency anemia reduces physical work capacity, and both show a close correlation (Dallman 1982). As the brain is luxuriously perfused with blood, impairment of intellectual performance in anemia is a very variable symptom. Anemia at an age of 12-18 months seems to compromise the infant s intellectual development. To what extent such deficits in intelligence can be compensated during later development at adequate iron supply levels has been discussed, somewhat controversially, by Walter (1993) and Pollitt (2001). 

Asobayiee FS, Adou P, Davidsson L, Cook JD and Hueeell re (2001) Prevalence of iron deficiency with and without concurrent anemia in population groups with high prevalence of malaria and other infections a study in Cote d Ivoire. Am J Clin Nutr 74 776-782. 

The results of new intervention studies in populations with a high prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency in Viet Nam, China and Kenya demonstrated the efficacy of sodium iron EDTA-fortified condiments (soy sauce and fish sauce) and sodium iron EDTA-fortified whole maize flour in reducing iron deficiency and/or iron deficiency anaemia and the prevalence of anaemia. 

Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency in humans [8]. It has been estimated that 750 million people suffer from iron deficiency. Moreover, about 250 million people apparently experience overload diseases, generally secondary to hemolytic anemias. 

Decrease in prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant and lactating women and children aged 6 to 59 months... 

Aapro M, Osterborg A, Gasc6n P, Ludwig H, Beguin Y. Prevalence and management of cancer-related anaemia, iron deficiency and the specific role of i.v. iron. Ann Oncol 2012 23(8) 1954-62. 

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