Indoor climate control

Climate indoors, climate-controlled temp./ humidity /precip./ wind extremes... 

Therefore, if the desired indoor air quality goals are clearly defined, they will benefit the designers, health and safety professionals, manufacturers of control technology equipment, end users, and other experts who are responsible for maintaining a safe and healthy indoor climate. In conclusion, introduction of the target level process for industrial air quality will benefit both the health sector and the production sector. 

The specimen has no specified size. Specimens for this test may consist of any standard fabricated test specimen or cut/punch pieces of sheet or machined sample. Specimens are mounted outdoors on racks slanted at 45° and facing south. It is recommended that concurrent exposure be carried out in many varied climates to obtain the broadest, most representative total body of data. Sample specimens are kept indoors as controls and for comparison. Reports of weathering describe all changes noted, areas of exposure, and period of time. 

Evaluation of VOC and SVOC emission potential of individual products and materials under indoor-related conditions and over defined timescales requires the use of climate-controlled emission testing systems, so-called emission test chambers and cells, the size of which can vary between a few cm3 and several m3, depending on the application. In Figure 5.1 the dots ( ) represent volumes of test devices reported in the literature. From this size distribution they can be classified as large scale chambers, small scale chambers, micro scale chambers and cells. The selection of the systems, the sampling preparation and the test performance all depend on the task to be performed. According to ISO, chambers and cells are defined as follows ... 

Indoors, no climate control except in damp climates 2500-5500 (3-30%) Outdoors in dry and cold climate ventilated sheds in temperate climate 2500-5500 (30-60%) OutdoOTs in temperate cli mate, unventilated sheds in temperate climate ventilated sheds in damp climates > 5500 060%) Outdoors in damp climates, humid unventilatcd sheds... 

For facilities that include large numbers of motors and other electrical equipment, it normally is both more economical and more convenient to furnish a building to enclose the required motor starters and distribution panels. This building is normally referred to as a motor control center (MCC). In addition to typically allowing less expensive non-explosion-proof equipment, these buildings are frequently environmentally controlled (air conditioned, and possibly heated in colder climates) to reduce equipment corrosion and enhance reliability. Maintenance is more easily performed indoors than if the equipment were installed outside and maintenance personnel were subject to extreme cold, rain, snow, or other adverse weather conditions. 

See also Acid Ram Air Quality, Indoor Atmosphere Automobile Performance Climatic Effects Emission Control, Vehicle Emission Control, Power Plant Environmental Economics Environmental Problems and Energy Use Gasoline and Additives Transportation, Evolution of Energy Use and Turbines, Gas. 

Control of the indoor cooled condition will be by thermostat in the return airstream, and thus based on room dry bulb temperature. The resulting humidity level will depend on coil characteristics and air flow. Packaged air-conditioners for tropical applications commonly have a design coil sensible/total ratio in the order of 0.7 with entering air at 50% saturation, and will give indoor conditions nearer 45% saturation if used in temperature climates with less latent load (see Chapter 35). 

To summarize, a mechanical system that is planned to control indoor air contaminants (including humidity, radon, combustion gases, and body odors) and reduce the risk of condensation in the building shell in a cold humid climate should include... 

Wolkoff, P., Nielsen, G.D. and Hansen, L.F. (1990) Controlled human reactions to building materials in climate chambers. Part II VOC measurements, mice bioassay, and decipol evaluation. Proceedings of Indoor Air 90, Vol. l,pp. 331-6. 

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