Individual Programme Plan

Berry, I. (1986) Individual programme planning and the All Wales Strategy , in Community Mental Handicap Teams. Theory and Practice, op. cit. (see note 15). 

After the first RCM, the participants formulated individual test plans specific to their spent fuel storage basins. A general test protocol for conducting the programme was provided by the IAEA. This protocol included instructions for preassembly, assembly and immersion of the corrosion racks in the storage basin, exposure intervals, and removal and examination. 

At this point the plan swings into action, and specific individual programmes start up to implement it. 

Wave 3 support would be provided to those students who fall behind then-classmates and have individualised targeted support programmes (DfES, 2003c) put into place. Students working at Wave 3 would be expected to have an individual support plan such as an individual education plan, care plan, or behaviour support plan. 

Finally, at launch and beyond, plans need to be in place for journal advertising and detailing of the product to doctors by sales representatives. As noted above, the customer base of pharmaceuticals is complex and the needs of individual customers differ. For GPs and specialists, information about the product will be via advertising, representative detailing and mailings. For NHS staff such as those working in Health Authorities or within PCOs, the information will need to be more focused on cost effectiveness and service provision. For practice nurses, the emphasis will be on educational materials and practical aspects of the product s use. Disease awareness programmes for patients will be developed where appropriate. 

These particular points relate to each individual trial, but equally there will be similar considerations needed at the level of the development plan. In order for the overall, ordered programme of clinical trials to be scientifically sound there needs to be a substantial amount of commonality across the trials in terms of endpoints, definitions of analysis sets, recording of covariates and so on. This will facilitate the use of integrated summaries and meta-analysis for the evaluation and presentation of the complete programme or distinct parts of that programme, and outside of that, will allow a consistency of approach to the evaluation of the different trials. 

Pubhc awareness can be raised by the national health authorities, non governmental organizations notably professional medical societies, patients associations and foundations. Special alert days are very efficient. The use of audiovisual and printed media via TV programmes and press are indispensable for diffusing the information to the public and particularly individuals under risk. Finally education at any level at schools is the master goal of the strategic planning in this field. 

Most states did not establish such a revolutionary new legal relationship in their TANF laws but make use of agreements and/or contracts and/or plans to codify or just define rights and duties (e.g. school attendance mandatory immunisations participation in self-sufficiency courses) of the TANF programme participants (even of the family or household members), possible sanctions and the welfare agencies duties individually. 

During the whole process it is important to involve stakeholders, to ensure that dieir interests and views are correctly understood in the problem identification and problem solution phases. They must also share the conceptual understanding of the system and have confidence in the scientific basis of the assessments of the programme of measures. Furthermore, it is important to evaluate the uncertainty in the different steps and tools used, for instance in the model simulations and in the data collected. Other factors such as social aspects, socioeconomics and restrictions in terms of economy, etc. have to be taken into account in the implementation plan. Stakeholder involvement and uncertainty assessments are not shown as individual steps in die flow chart in Figure 4.1.1, because they should be considered through the whole process. 

If we are required to prove significance in two trials, as is usually believed to be necessary in phase III for a successful NDA application, then from the practical point of view it may be the power of the combined requirement which is important, rather than that for individual trials. On the assumption that the trials are competent and that the background planning has been carried out appropriately and that trial by treatment interactions may be dismissed, then the power to detect the clinically relevant difference in both of two trials, each with power 80%, is 64% since 0.8 x 0.8 = 0.64. This means that 1 — 0.64 = 0.36, or more than one-third, of such drug development programmes would fail in phase III for failure of one or both clinical trials on this basis. (This does not mean that one-third of drug developments will fall in phase III, since many drugs which survive that far may, indeed, have an effect which is superior to the clinically relevant difference. On the other hand, there may be other reasons for failure.) If it is desired to have 80% power overall, then it is necessary to run each trial with 90% power since 0.9 x 0.9 = 0.80. 

Patrick did attend regularly and completed most homework tasks as planned. However, people who cite a lack of time due to their busy job as a reason for not attending CBT or carrying out homework may be asked Do you have anything in your weekly routine that you do regularly, such as have a bath or watch a favourite television programme Asking individuals to consider how they are able to make time for these other activities enables them to reconsider their priorities and motivation more clearly. 

The regulatory body should conduct two general types of inspection, namely planned inspections (including special inspections) and reactive inspections. Inspections may be conducted by individuals or teams and may be announced or unannounced, as part of a general programme or with specific aims. 

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