INDEX other factors

T and are the glass-transition temperatures in K of the homopolymers and are the weight fractions of the comonomers (49). Because the glass-transition temperature is directly related to many other material properties, changes in T by copolymerization cause changes in other properties too. Polymer properties that depend on the glass-transition temperature include physical state, rate of thermal expansion, thermal properties, torsional modulus, refractive index, dissipation factor, brittle impact resistance, flow and heat distortion properties, and minimum film-forming temperature of polymer latex... 

Suspended particles are the most important factor in visibility reduction. In most instances, the visual quality of air is controlled by partide scattering and is characterized by the extinction coeffident The size of particles plays a crucial role in their interaction with light. Other factors are the refractive index and shape of the particles, although their effect is harder to measure and is less well understood. If we could establish these properties, we could calculate the amount of light scattering and absorption. Alternatively, the extinction coeffident associated with an aerosol can be measured directly. 

Stroke patients who require mechanical ventilation are not necessarily destined for a poor outcome. In a study by Santoli et al., 58 patients underwent mechanical ventilation and 16 survived. Eleven achieved a Barthel Index (BI) score of 60, indicating a good outcome. Within this study population, those patients with bilaterally absent comeal and pupillary reflexes had uniformly poor outcomes, underscoring the need for careful assessment of brainstem reflexes in intubated stroke patients. Other factors that have been associated with poor outcome in intubated stroke patients are advanced age and lower Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) at the time of intubation, as well as seizures and pulmonary edema. ... 

The pathologic evaluation of breast lesions serves to establish the histologic diagnosis and to confirm the presence or absence of other factors believed to influence prognosis. These prognostic factors include the presence of necrosis, lymphatic or vascular invasion, nuclear grade, hormone receptor status, proliferative index, amount of aneuploidy, and HER-2/neu expression. 

Other techniques that take into account some site-specific conditions, such as the Dow Fire and Explosion Index (Ref. 34) and the Mond Index (Ref. 39), have been used to prioritize buildings for evaluation. The results of these indices should be used in conjunction with consideration of other factors, rather than as stand-alone criteria. These other factors might include an evaluation of the effects of confinement and/or congestion-induced turbulence on the potential for blast. 

My former student Guy Montgomery, who is now a researcher at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City, demonstrated experimentally that placebo pain reduction cannot be completely explained by the patient s emotional state - or by any other factor that should affect a person s whole body instead of just part of it. He put a placebo cream on the index finger of one hand of his subjects and nothing at all on their other hand. Then he induced pain by putting heavy weights on the subjects index... 

Schroeder et al. (1985) and Schroeder and Hawk (1987) evaluated 104 black children of lower socioeconomic status at ages 10 months to 6.5 years, using the Bayley Mental Development Index (MDI) or Stanford-Binet IQ Scale. Hierarchical backward stepwise regression analyses indicated that PbB levels (range 6-59 pg/dL) were a significant source of the variance in IQ and MDI scores after controlling for socioeconomic status and other factors. Fifty of the children were examined again 5 years later, at which time PbB levels were 30 pg/dL. The 5-year follow-up IQ scores were inversely correlated with... 

The dispersion interaction is nicely isolated from other factors by examining the solutes in mixtures of heptane and carbon disulfide nonpolar solvents of similar dielectric constant, but quite different refractive index. Under these conditions there is a better than 0.95 correlation between VM-h and the McRae term as illustrated for 27ii9Sn H in Fig. 7. 

Figure 47, SAMPLE generated profile simulations in AZ1350J resist exposed at 436 nm on an index matched substrate. The mask edge is at 0.75um on the horizontal scale. The unbleachable optical absorbance (A) was varied from the actual value at 436 nm, 0.08 to 0.43. The dose was adjusted to develop each case to dimension (l.5um space) at constant development time. As A increases, all other factors being constant, the dose required to open the line increases and the resist profile becomes...

Because the material inventory is considered in these indices, process intensification will result in a lower value (greater safety) for either index. However, the indices do also consider other factors, such as temperature and pressure, that... 

A single-number overall index characterizing the inherent safety of the overall process is generated by both proposed inherent safety indices. Process intensification will lower the value of the index (indicating an inherently safer process) because it will reduce the penalty for inventory. If the alternative process results in an increase in the inherent hazard due to other factors, the index will be useful in understanding the inherent safety characteristics of the different alternatives. The relative contributions of the various components of the index to the total value may also be useful in understanding process safety characteristics. Table 3 summarizes the application of this proposed inherent safety index to a number of alternative routes for the manufacture of methyl methacrylate. 

Various techniques, such as graphic illustrations (e.g., isobolograms), mixture toxicity indices (e.g., an additivity index), formulas, or fully parameterized models, exist for predicting an expected combined effect based on concentration addition or response addition (for review, see Bodeker et al. 1990). The quantitative relationship between the expected combined effect calculated according to concentration addition or response addition depends (in addition to other factors) primarily on the steepness of the concentration response relationship of the individual components (Drescher and Bodeker 1995). Concentration addition predicts a higher combined effect as compared to response addition when the mixture components have steep concentration response relationships, whereas the opposite is true for flat concentration response relationships of the mixture components. 

First, the density of charges affects the refractive index. All other factors being equal, as the atomic number of the constituent elements increases, the refractive index of a material will also increase. This can be seen with a simple listing of a few minerals in Table 9.1. 

Vitamin C status is generally assessed by estimating the saturation of body reserves or measuring plasma and leukocyte concentrations of the vitamin. Urinary excretion of hydroxyproline-containing peptides is reduced in people with inadequate vitamin C status, but a number of other factors that affect bone and connective tissue turnover confound interpretation of the results (Bates, 1977). The ratio of deoxypyridinolineipyridinoline compounds derived from collagen cross-links provides a more useful index, but is potentially affected by copper status (Tsuchiya and Bates, 1997). 

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