Addition INDEX

The first-order equations (9.22) and (9.24) apply here provided the additional index a and the correct unperturbed eigenfunctions are used... 

A simple convention for description of peptide fragments formed in the mass spectrometer was proposed by Roepstorff and Fohlman in 1984 [1] and further modified by Johnson in 1987 [2]. Fragment ions are described by single lower-case letters with additional indexes (Fig. 6.5). If we consider fragmentation of a peptide backbone only, six ion series can be formed due to fragmentation at ... 

In the second scheme proposed by Marking [346], an additive index (Al) is used as the index where... 

Since there may be more than one IR TCT(q, R) of the same symmetry, an additional index (j,= l,2, c T may be needed to label the different eigenvalues of the same symmetry rr. 

As the adspecies i can participate in various elementary reactions in the given total multistage processes, at common case the parameter sqp(f9lr) should have the additional indexes of the number a for the selected stage. Such an approach allows to apply an unified approach to considering the inhomogeneity of adspecies distribution, caused by their interaction with the different lattice sites and interaction between each other. (As the number of the site / and its type q are unambiguously related so that the parameters notation can be simplified il(r) — p(fg r), 4 (/l ) = 4 , etc). 

The summands of Eq. (61) correspond to the elementary stages of adsorption, desorption, and the reaction, respectively. The rate constants and the functions S,(ot) contain an additional index a which denotes stage number. This allows to distinguish between the elementary processes where adspecies i can be involved. Thus adspecies A is capable of being desorbed or reacting with molecule B, and the properties of the AC resulting from these elementary processes will be different (i (oc = l F a = 2) and sAA(oc = = 2)). Thus, considering the non-ideality increases the... 

Various techniques, such as graphic illustrations (e.g., isobolograms), mixture toxicity indices (e.g., an additivity index), formulas, or fully parameterized models, exist for predicting an expected combined effect based on concentration addition or response addition (for review, see Bodeker et al. 1990). The quantitative relationship between the expected combined effect calculated according to concentration addition or response addition depends (in addition to other factors) primarily on the steepness of the concentration response relationship of the individual components (Drescher and Bodeker 1995). Concentration addition predicts a higher combined effect as compared to response addition when the mixture components have steep concentration response relationships, whereas the opposite is true for flat concentration response relationships of the mixture components. 

For both types of FIDCO surfaces, the usual Shape Group method [2] of electron density shape analysis is applicable. The additional formal domain boundaries AD i(Ga b(3)) and AD i(GA(B)(a)) introduce one additional index -1, which can be treated the same way as relative curvature indices. The one-dimensional homology groups obtained by truncations using all possible index combinations are the shape groups of FIDCO surfaces. The (a,b)-parameter maps and shape codes are generated the same way as for complete molecules [2],... 

Strictly speaking, the a should carry an additional index indicating the phase of the particular pulse. In Eq. (7) we have dropped this index, and we have assumed that the first and last intervals of the m.p. sequence are free-evolution intervals. We may assess the quality of calculated... 

Although the toxic units and additive index are useful in determining toxicity in some cases, they have disadvantages. Their values depend on the relative proportion of chemicals in the mixture. Also, because of the logarithmic form of the concentration in log-linear transformations such as Probit and Logit, it is desirable to have a toxicity index which is logarithmic in the toxicant concentration. For these reasons, Konemann (1981) introduced a multiple toxicity index (MTI) ... 

Another interesting application is the analysis of the specificity of monoclonal antibodies, i.e., whether they recognize different epitopes on the antigen (Friguet et al., 1983). After coating the antigen, two monoclonal antibodies are added, either to separate or to the same well and the amount of bound antibody is quantitated with enzyme-labeled anti-mouse IgG. Additivity of enzyme activity is observed when the monoclonal antibodies bind to distinct epitopes. The additivity index (A/) for a pair of antibodies is then defined as ... 

The first sum is over cells, the of which is specified by the Bravais lattice vector Rj, while the second sum is over the set of orbitals a which are assumed to be centered on each site and participating in the formation of the solid. If there were more than one atom per unit cell, we would be required to introduce an additional index in eqn (4.68) and an attendant sum over the atoms within the unit cell. We leave these elaborations to the reader. Because of the translational periodicity, we know much more about the solution than we did in the case represented by eqn (4.58). This knowledge reveals itself when we imitate the procedure described earlier in that instead of having nN algebraic equations in the nN unknown... 

One of the first —> topological indices introduced by H. Wiener in 1947 as a bond-additive index in which each bond gives a contribution equal to the product of the number of vertices on each side of the bond [Wiener, 1947a, 1947b, 1947c] and called it at the begirining path number. For acyclic graphs, the Wiener index is then calculated as... 

According to the original definition of the bond-additive index, the Wiener index can be calculated by summing the bond contributions wl as the following ... 

The interface between the measuring solution and the membrane corresponds to x = 0, the sensor side of the membrane to x = d. In multilayer models an additional index, i, is introduced. In all cases the modeling starts at t = 0. 

Notice that the summation of equation (36) has been simplified. Since each state in the set y appears twice in the sum, coupled with its time-reversed partner, equation (32) can be used to cut the number of terms in half. Strictly speaking, each of the pair creation operators shown in equation (43) ought to have an additional index specifying the particular set of molecular orbitals to which it corresponds. 

It is conceivable that the model would be asked to account for properties of the Vi, Ji level in addition to E(vi, Ji) (such as level population, zero-field (/-value, etc.) in such case the data point would be specified by an additional index indicating which property is to be computed, but this is beyond the scope of the present discussion. 

FAO, General Standard for Food Additives. (GSFA-online) www.codecsalimentarius.net/gsfaonhne/ additives/index.html (accessed 06.04.2009), 2007. 

Several methods were used to characterize aerosol distributions within the exposure chambers. The principal method employed a rectangular jet impactor which was inserted through a port in the chamber and used to inertially classify particles larger than 0.3 urn in diameter. As an additional index, total sulfuric acid mass use per total mass flow was calculated to give an approximation of H SO, mass per volume. Since a substantial part of the aerosol distribution in this system was below inertial impaction limits, an electrical mobility size analyzer (Thermo-... 

Thermochemical data, actually heats of formation, were gathered, evaluated, and published for the first time in the seven-volume book International Critical Tables of Numerical Data, Physics, Chemistry and Technology [4] during 1926-1930 (and the additional index in 1933). 

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