In vitro assessments

Haines-Butterick LA, Salick DA, Pochan DJ et al (2008) In vitro assessment of the pro-inflammatory potential of beta-hairpin peptide hydrogels. Biomaterials 29 4164-4169... 

Jones, C.F. and Grainger, D.W. (2009) In vitro assessments of nanomaterial toxicity. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 61 (6), 438-456. 

Porter, C., Charman, W., In vitro assessment of oral lipid based formulations, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2001, 50, S127-S147. 

Lawrence, B.P. and Kerkvliet, N.I., T helper clones and in vitro assessment of immuno-toxicity, in TLymphocyte Subpopulations in Immunotoxicology, Kimber, I. and Selgrade, M.J., eds. John Wiley Sons, New York, 1998, p. 143. 

Bootman, J. and G.Hodson-Walker. 1988. In vitro assessment of the clastogenic activity of CFC 141b in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells (88/PSV007/214). Life Science Laboratory, EYE, Suffolk, England (Cited in ECETOC 1994). 

Langenbucher F. In vitro assessment of dissolution kinetics description and evaluation of a column-type method. J Pharm Sci 1969 58(10) 1265-1272. 

SCCNFP. Basic criteria for the in-vitro assessment of dermal absorption of cosmetic ingredients, 2003. 

The buccal mucosa does serve as an alternative route for administering compounds systematically however, to ensure particular compounds are candidates for delivery across this biological tissue, preclinical screening is essential. While in vivo human permeability studies are ideal, due to their costs and associated issues, it is necessary to perform such screening in vitro. Assessment of compound permeability across porcine buccal mucosa has been widely used and can provide the preclinical biopharmaceutical scientist with much information relating to permeability, routes of transport, and effects of various chemical penetration enhancers. 

Anabousi S, Bakowsky U, Schneider M, Huwer H, Lehr CM, Ehrhardt C (2006) In vitro assessment of transferrin-conjugated liposomes as drug delivery systems for inhalation therapy of lung cancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 29(5) 367-374... 

Hassan, E. E. and Gallo, J. M. A simple rheological method for the in vitro assessment of mucin-polymer hioadhesive bond shength. Pharmaceutical Research 1993, 7(5), 491-495. 

The first and possibly the simplest biological test for a drug is the in vitro assessment of affinity for its target. Such experiments can be shown schematically as illustrated in Figure 2.8 in which the drug is added to the aqueous buffer surrounding the receptor (or cell or tissue) and the total drug added is assumed to be in aqueous solution and in equilibrium with the receptor. 

Maerki S, Brun R, Charman SA, et al.. In vitro assessment of the pharmacodynamic properties and the partitioning of OZ277/RBx-l 1160 in cultures of... 

Solangi, A.A. (1997) Studies on the use of faecal organisms in the in vitro assessment of forages. Ph.D. thesis. University of Wales, Bangor, UK. 

Flow cytometric assessment generates results that reproduce microscopic methods for the in vivo assessment of micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood micronucleated reticulocytes [30] and the method is increasingly applied in in vitro assessments. Litron Laboratories (Rochester, N.Y., USA) recently launched their MicroFlow In Vitro kit for the in vitro micronucleus test, following a six-compound interlaboratory evaluation [31]. This method permits 50 samples to be analyzed over... 

Safety pharmacology In vitro assays can test for hERG potassium channel interaction early in discovery, with ox vivo and in vivo assays being applied later in discovery. HCA assays are being developed for in vitro assessments of cardiac toxicity potential... 

Dykens, J.A. et al. (2008) In vitro assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction and cytotoxicity of nefazodone, trazodone and buspirone. Toxicological Sciences, 10.1093/toxsci/kfh056. 

Pessina, A., Croera, C., Bayo, M., Malerba, L, Passardi, L, Cavicchini, L., Neri, M.G. and Gribaldo, L. (2004) A methylcellulose microculture assay for the in vitro assessment of drug toxicity on granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM). Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 32, 17-23. 

Roggen, E.L., Soni, N.K. and Verheyen, G.R. (2006) Respiratory immunotoxicity an in vitro assessment. Toxicology In Vitro An International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA, 20, 1249-1264. 

Edwards, S.M., Donelly, T.A., Sayre, R.M., Rheins, L.A., Spielmann, H. and Liehsch, M. (1994) Quantitative in vitro assessment of phototoxicity using a human skin model, Skin2. Photodermatology Photoimmunology S, Photomedicine, 10, 111-117. 

G.E.R. Weller, F.S. Villanueva, E.M. Tom, W.R. Wagner, Targeted ultrasound contrast agents In vitro assessment of endothelial dysfunction and multi-targeting to ICAM-1 and sialyl Lewisx, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 92 (2005) 780-788. 

Slatter JG, Su P, Sams JP et al. Bioactivation of the anticancer agent CPT-11 to SN-38 by human hepatic microsomal carboxylesterases and the in vitro assessment of potential drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos 1997 25 1157-1164. 

Li, X., and Shojaei, A. H. Novel copolymers of acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol monomethylether monomethaciylate for buccoadhesion In vitro assessment of buc-coadhesion and analysis of surface free energy. Proceed. Int. Symp. Control. Rel. Bioact. Mater. 23 507-508, 1996... 

Atterwill CK, Johnson H, Thomas S. 1991. Models for the in vitro assessment of neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology 12 788-789. 

Mulu, A., Tessema, B., and Derbie, F. (2004). In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial potential of honey on common human pathogens. Ethiop. ]. Health Dev. 18(2), 107-112. 

Wienkers LC. Problems associated with in vitro assessment of drug inhibition of CYP3A4 and other P-450 enzymes and its impact on drug discovery. J Pharmacol... 

Clarke SE. In vitro assessment of human cytochrome P450. Xenobiotica 1998 ... 

Stuart NS, Philip P, Harris AL, et al. High-dose tamoxifen as an enhancer of etoposide cytotoxicity. Clinical effects and in vitro assessment in p-glycoprotein expressing cell lines. Br J Cancer 1992 66(5) 833-839. 

Lin JH. Transporter-mediated drug interactions clinical implications and in vitro assessment. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2007 3(1) 81—92. 

Lin JH. CYP induction-mediated drug interactions In vitro assessment and clinical implications. Pharm Res 2006 23 1089-1116. 

Products that may have the potential to stimulate growth or induce proliferation or clonal expansion of cell types, in particular, transformed cells, all processes that may eventually lead to neoplasia should be evaluated with respect to receptor expression in various malignant and normal human cells that are relevant to the patient population under study [27], In such cases normal human cell lines and multiple human cancer cell lines expressing the relevant receptor, as well as primary cells derived from human tumor explants, should be used for in vitro assessment. When in vitro data demonstrate enhanced growth, further studies in relevant in vivo xenograft animal models with receptor expressing tumor cell lines may be needed. In addition incorporation of sensitive indexes of cellular proliferation in long-term repeat-dose toxicity studies may provide useful information. 

---