COMPENSATORY MEASURES

Oxidative stress increases during the formation of Ap. The secretion and storage of Ap into the damaged neurons in the course of AD is de facto the compensatory measure to protect cells against the cmisequence of oxidative stress [30]. The intensity of this process depends on the level of antioxidant defense mechanisms of cells (tissue) and the intracellular concentration of ROS. AD is one of the diseases in which course ROS contribute highly negatively. Oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial damage, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase system, and apoptosis. 

In order to reduce probability of incomplete RCCA insertion and in order to decrease size of FA bow, to ensure the reactor s safe operation the following compensatory measures have been performed during the scheduled repairs in 1993-1997 ... 

As a result of compensatory measures (excluding some cases) RCCA drop time problem was almost solved (Table 1). Periodic measurements of RCCA drop time are not necessary. Indicated measurements are to be conducted at the moments of non-scheduled reactor shutdown as well as during the reloading activities. 

Operating characteristic Before the implementation of compensatory measures After the implementation of measures... 

Additionally, there is presently one DOE Order which is under assessment to determine.the status of compliance. Section 5.0 of this BIO further ddineates the status of DOE Orders as applied to SRS and the status of compliance schedule approval and esmmption requests assodated with them. Section S.O also provides the compensatory measures and schedules assodated with each noncompliance. 

Compliance status of the areas with safoty-rdated laws, r ulationaforders, and standards and associated compensatory measures for requirements for which the areas are not in conqiliance... 

COMPENSATORY MEASURES AND SCHEDULES TO COME INTO COMPLIANCE... 

As noted in Section 5.1, noncompliances with DOE Orders associated with K>Reactor in Cold Standby and L and P-Reactor Disassembly Basins are either of a generic or programmatic nature. Tables 5,1 1 and 5.1>2 contain the compensatory measures and schedules for each of these... 

Methodically Engineered Restructured and Improved Technical Specifications [MERITS]). The current L, andJ >Reactor Technical Spcdficatioas meet the intent of DOE Order 5480.22 ef. 7-20), but da not comply with some of the content and format provisions. WSRC has submitted a Compliance Assessment and Implementation Rqjoit (Ref. 7-21) for DOE Order 5480.22 with a compliance schedule and compensatory measures for K-Reactor and an exemption request for L- and P-Reaaors. 

The measures used to compensate for the occurrence of postulated accidents are a result of the area design as well as administrative controls on the area. Compensatory measures and operator actions are detailed in Section 7.0,... 

An element of the USNRC s safety philosophy that employs successive compensatory measures to p revent accidents or lessen the effects of damage if a malfunction or accident occurs at a nuclear facility. The USNRC s safety philosophy ensures that the pubUc is adequately protected and that emergency plans sunormding a nuclear facility are weU conceived and will work. Moreover, the philosophy ensures that safety will not be wholly dependent on any single element of the design, construction, maintenance, or operation of a nuclear facility. 

The integrity of the second barrier is seriously degraded due to a combination of design, manufacturing and operational aspects. The related monitoring is not sufficient. Compensatory measures have been established, their full effectiveness has to be still demonstrated. 

The issue is addressed by the designers and interim compensatory measures have been taken (1) - additional tube rolling ... 

Full scale operational tests on the existing primary circuit thermal insulation were performed at the Zaporozhe NPP Unit 5 and the South Ukraine NPP Unit 3, with a simulated LOCA condition of diameter 300 mm break and 8 m thermal insulation material dispersed in the water at steam-water mixture discharge conditions. The tests lasted 8 hours. Based on the test results, compensatory measures will be implemented, and an emergency operating procedure has been prepared. A modified design of the filters inside the sump has been implemented at all operating plants. 

For the Rovno NPP, the main points of the compensatory measures are as follows ... 

Installation of catalysts into the condenser vessel of the CLG in one BWR plant, as a compensatory measure. 

Depending on the results of this investigation, compensatory measures and/or modification may be introduced. 

A total station blackout for the Zaporozhe NPP is presently being calculated and analysed within the framework of a PSA. These will be used to develop compensatory measures. 

Where a poverty-based cash transfer program is already in place, introducing compensatory measures may be simpler. Jamaica already had a progressively targeted food stamp program in operation in 1995, thus when the government eliminated kerosene subsidies, it was able to boost the value of the food stamp benefit as a compensatory measure for the poor and did not have to mount a separate program. 

Thermal expansion of an HR set may cause adverse dimensional changes, inadmissible mechanical loads and deformation. HR system manufacturers do take this problem into consideration, but the taking of certain compensatory measures is down to the user... 

A rare hereditary disease in which there is almost a complete absence of albumin in the serum. The condition is inherited as an autosomal recessive. There appear to be few pathological consequences of the albumin deficiency. Affected individuals often have raised serum globulin levels which may be a compensatory measure to maintain the colloid osmotic pressure. 

Poor operability of preventive and corrective measures and compensatory measures ... 

Poor pertinence and operability of measures Preventive and corrective measures and failure cause in some FMEA is not corresponding and a lack of pertinence. Compensatory measures and failure effect have the problems neither. Some control measures are in a slogan way, such as... 

In the early design phase of aerospace products, we usually only consider criticality of the severe failure effects to minimize the risk. If failures are not eliminated in early design phase, preventive and compensatory measures should be determined considering... 

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