Interferons immunomodulators

Indications Chronic hepatitis C virus infection Category Immunomodulator Interferon Half-life 2 hours... 

Interferon alfa-2a is an immunomodulator. Interferon alfa-2a has antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities. Its elimination half-life is 3.7 to 8.5 hr after IV infusion. Adult use for hairy cell leukemia, AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia pediatric use for chroiuc myelogenous leukemia. 

Immunomodulators are a group of mostly stimulatory effectors which act on cells of the immune system (e.g. cytokines, interferons). 

The sterols and sterolins in rice bran are potent immunomodulators. The best response was obtained with a 100 1 sterol/sterolin mixture that demonstrated T-cell proliferation from 20% to 920% and active cell antigens after four weeks in human subjects (Bouic et al, 1996). Another in vitro experimental study with sterol/sterolins, demonstrated a significant increase in cytokinines, interleukin-2 and y-interferon between 17% and 41 % in addition to an increase in natural killer cell activity. These experiments (Bouic et al, 1996) prove that sterol/sterolins are potent immunomodulators with important implications for the treatment of immune dysfunction. Rice bran products are excellent dietary supplements for the improvement of immune function. It is probable that the effects of rice bran on diabetes, CVD and cancer all result from improved immune function. 

P10. Philip, R., and Epstein, L. B., Tumour necrosis factor as immunomodulator and mediator of monocyte cytotoxicity induced by itself, gamma-interferon and interleukin-1. Nature 323, 86-89(1986). 

Interferon Immunomodulator antiviral, hairy cell leukemia Bone marrow suppression granulocytopenia leukopenia... 

Peg Interferon Alfa 2b (PEG-Intron) [Antiviral/ Immunomodulator] WARNING Can cause or aggravate fatal or life-threatening neuropsychiatric, autoimmune, ischemic, and infectious disord s. Monitor pts closely Uses Rx Hep C Action Immune modulation Dose 1 mcg/kg/wk SQ 1.5 mcg/kg/wk combined w/ ribavirin Caution [C, X if used w/ ribavirin /-] w/ Hx psychiatric Contra Autoimmune H, decompensated Uvct Dz, hemoglobinopathy Disp Vials 50, 80, 120, 150 mcg/0.5 mL Redipen 50, 80,120,150 mcg/5 mL reconstitute w/ 0.7 mL w/ sterile water SE D ession, insomnia, suicidal behavior, GI upset, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, pruritus Interactions t Myelosuppression W/ antineoplastics t effects OF doxorubicin, theophylline t neurotox W7 vinblastine EMS See Peg Interf on Alfa-2a may cause flu-like Sxs... 

Immunomodulators affect the functioning of the immune system. Immune functions may be promoted as well as suppressed by these agents. In this section interferon alpha, BCG, immunocyanin and aldesleukine and the monoclonal antibodies, alem-tuzumab, bevacizumab, cetuximab, trastuzumab, rit-uximab and ibritumomab tiuxetan will be briefly discussed. 

Figure 6.3 A vast array of chemical mediators influence immunomodulation and cellular growth. These various mediators are linked to one another. For example, interferons are a subset of cytokines, which in turn are a subset of growth factors.

A class name for a family of species-specific proteins (or glycoproteins) that are produced according to information encoded by species of interferon genes, and exert complex antineoplastic, antiviral, and immunomodulating effects... 

Imiquimod (Aldara) is an immunomodulator approved for the treatment of external genital and perianal warts in adults, actinic keratoses on the face and scalp, and biopsy-proven primary basal cell carcinomas on the trunk, neck, and extremities. The mechanism of its action is thought to be related to imiquimod s ability to stimulate peripheral mononuclear cells to release interferon- and to stimulate macrophages to produce interleukins-1, -6, and -8, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-k). 

Development Based on Structures of Glycolytic Enzymes 16 Progress in the Design of Immunomodulators Based on the Structure of lnterleukin-1 17 Structure and Functional Studies of Interferon A Solid Foundation for Rational Drug Design 18 The Design of Anti-Influenza Virus Drugs from the X-ray Molecular Structure of Influenza Virus Ne... 

Interferons are proteins or glycoproteins that are produced either by animal cells or plant cells in response to stimuli or DNA recombinant technology. These drugs are active against malignant neoplasms and have immunomodulating effects. These are useful in chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hairy cell leukemia, myeloid leukemia, follicular lymphoma, carcinoid tumor, multiple myeloma, renal cell carcinoma, multiple sclerosis, chronic granulomatous diseases, blood disorders, common cold, herpes simplex, inflammatory bowel disease, and leishmaniasis. 

Interferon-stimulated genes modulate many biological effects including inhibition of viral replication in infected cells, inhibition of cellular proliferation and immunomodulation... 

ANTICANCER AND IMMUNOMODULATING DRUGS OTHER IMMUNOMODULATING DRUGS Interferons... 

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