Immunoglobulin serum concentration

Serum concentrations lie between 0.5 and 2.5mgml. IgM can fix complement and a single molecule can initiate the complement cascade. IgM (with IgD) is the major immunoglobulin expressed on the surface ofB cells where it acts as an antigen receptor. 

IgG The major immunoglobulin in human serum. There are four subclasses of IgG IgGl, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, but this number varies in different species. All are able to cross the placenta, and the first three subclasses fix complement by the classical pathway. The molecular mass of human IgG is 150 kDa and the normal serum concentration in man is 16 mg ml-1. 

Concentration of transferrin in CSF does not correlate with serum levels. This suggests consideration of the presence of a speciflc transport system for transferrin in the blood-CSF barrier. This transport system may be similar to that, for instance, for immunoglobulins (transcytosis). Only as an epiphenomenon is there a signiflcant decrease of serum concentrations of transferrin, as in cases of ulcerous meningitis and malignant meningeal inflltration. In this case other methods are required to determine the levels with any degree of precision (A24, Zl). 

IgE has the lowest percentage of total Ig at only 0.002 %, and the serum concentration approximates only 0.00002 mg/mL. This isotype is derived from adenoid tissue and then transported into the blood. In spite of its small quantities, IgE is very important in, and is responsible for, about 90% of allergic reactions. The impact of this immunoglobulin is to trigger the release of vasodilators for an inflammatory response, for example histamine. IgE may also protect external mucosal surfaces by promoting inflammation and enabling IgG, complement proteins and leucocytes to enter the tissue. 

Immune Blood tests Antibody response to immunization (humoral immunity) serum concentrations of immunoglobulin subtypes (humoral immunity)... 

Immunoglobulin Isotype Molecular Weight Carbohydrate Content (%) Serum Concentration" Biological Properties... 

Workers in antimony trioxide manufacture had reduced serum concentrations of cytokines (interleukin 2, gamma interferon) and immunoglobulin (IgGl, IgE) (33). 

Immunoglobulin Class Adult Serum Concentration Functional Properties... 

There are only two studies in which the effects of diets rich in monounsatu-rated FAs (MUFAs) on human immune functions have been examined. In one study, we compared the effects of feeding diets containing safflower oils with either 75% oleic acid or LA to young healthy men for 80 days (Kelley et al., 1989). The daily intake of oleic acid in the low and high MUFA diets was 24 and 51 g, whereas that of LA was 36 and 15 g. Lymphocyte proliferation and serum concentrations of immunoglobulins and complement proteins did not differ between the two diets. In another study, the effects of refined olive oil on indices of immune response in healthy men were examined (Yaqoob et al., 1998). The MUFA content of the two diets was 18.4 and... 

Leung TF, Tang NLS, Lam CWKet al (2002) Thromboxane A receptor polymorphism is associated gene with the serum concentration of cat-specific immunoglobulin E as well as the development and severity of asthma in Chinese children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 13 10-17... 

Marsh DG, Neely JD, Breazeale DR, et al Linkage analysis of IL4 and other chromosome 5q31.1 total serum immunoglobulin E concentrations. Science 1994 264 1152-1156. (Ill)... 

MARSH, D.G., NEELY, J.D., BREAZEALE, J GHOSH, B FREIDHOFF, L.R., EHRLICH-KAUTSKY, E SCHOU, C KRISHNASWAMY, G. BEATY, T.H. (1994) Linkage analysis of IL-4 and other chromosome 5q31.1 markers and total serum immunoglobulin E concentrations. Science, 264, 1152-1156. 

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection represents a major cause of pediatric respiratory hospitalizations. RSV is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Palivizumab (Synagis) is a humanized monoclonal antibody to the fusion protein of RSV, and is active in animal models for prevention of pulmonary RSV replication [241]. Based on a phase I/II multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose escalation trial by Subramanian et al. in premature infants or infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, it was found that the mean half-life of 20 days was comparable with that of other immunoglobulin G preparations. Mean trough serum concentrations 30 days after infusion were 6.8, 36.1, and 60.6pg/mL for the 3-, 10-, and 15-mg/kg dose groups, respectively. Mean serum concentrations of palivizumab that have been shown to produce a 2-log reduction in pulmonary RSV titer in cotton rats were maintained when 10- or 15-mg/kg palivizumab was given every 30 days to pediatric patients at high risk... 

Racine-Poon et al. provided an example for a direct link model by relating the serum concentration of the antihuman immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody CGP 51901 for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis to the reduction of free IgE via an inhibitory Emax-model [75]. Radwanski et al. used a similar approach to assess the effect of recombinant interleukin-10 on the ex vivo release of the proinflammatory cytokines TNE-a and interleukin-1(IL-1/3) in LPS-stimulated leukocytes [76]. 

The first experiments on suppression were reported by Dray and by Mage and Dray (212,213). Female rabbits of allotype lAlA k chain locus), were mated with bucks and were immunized during pregnancy with b5 immunoglobulin. The b offspring showed a greatly diminished serum concentration of b5, as compared to ordinary het-... 

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