Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia

Choi ES, Pierce EM, Jakubzick C, et al. Focal interstitial CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) expression in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. J Clin Pathol 2006 59(1) 28—39. 

The hallmark of an inflammatory response in the lung is the presence of infiltrating leukocytes. This process can occur in the context of a variety of disorders, including trauma, infection, autoimmune diseases, idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, asthma, chronic bronchitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), exposure to environmental/occupational noxious agents, cancer, aUograft rejection, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. The course of inflammation in these disease states is defined by the delicate balance and nature of inflammatory mediators expressed in the context of lung inflammation, and the specific leukocyte populations recmited in response to lung injury. 

Yoshimi, N., Ikura, Y, Sugama, Y, Kayo, S., Ohsawa, M., Yamamoto, S., Inoue, Y. et al. 2005. Oxidized phosphatidylcholine in alveolar macrophages in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, 183, 109-121. 

Interstitial Lung Diseases That Have No Known Cause 338 Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias 33S Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis 339 Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia 339 Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia 339... 

The term idiopathic interstitial pneumonias refers to a group of seven entities with distinct histologic patterns idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IFF), characterized by the pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) respiratory bron-chiohtis-associated interstitial lung disease (RB-ILD) desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) and acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP). 

Anonymous (2002) American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Consensus Classification of the Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias. This joint statement of the American Thoracic Society (ATS), and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) was adopted by the ATS board of directors, June 2001 and by the ERS Executive Committee, June 2001. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 165 277-304... 

Mueller-Mang C, Grosse C et al. (2007) What every radiologist should know about idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Radiographics 27 595-615... 

A 62-year-old Japanese man with a renal cell carcinoma and multiple metastases, who had had inactive idiopathic interstitial pneumonia for 5 years without treatment, was given three intramuscular injections of standard-dose interferon-alfa and had an acute exacerbation of the interstitial pneumonia [36 ]. 

American Thoracic Sodety/European Respiratory Society. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Intemational Multidisciplinary Consensus Classification of the Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002 165 277 304. 

Elaherty KR, Andrei A-C, King TE Jr., et al. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia do community and academic physicians agree on diagnosis Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007 175 1054-1060. 

Martinez FJ, Flaherty K. Pulmonary function testing in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006 3 315 321. 

Gotway MB, Freemer MM, King TE Jr. Challenges in pulmonary fibrosis 1 use of high resolution CT scanning of the lung for the evaluation of patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Thorax 2007 62 546-553. 

Collard HR, King TE Jr. The clinical significance of histopathologic subgroups in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is surgical lung biopsy essential Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2001 22 347-356. 

In 2002, The American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) published a classification schema recognizing seven idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (llPs) (9) (Table 1). These IIPs have disparate clinical expression and prognosis and will be discussed individually. 

Abbreviation. IIPs, idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Source. Adapted from Ref. 9. 

Johkoh T, Muller NL, Cartier Y, et aL Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias diagnostic accuracy of thin-section CT in 129 patients. Radiology 1999 211(2) 555-560. 

Surrukawa H, Johkoh T, Ichikado K, et al. Usual interstitial pneumonia and chronic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia analysis of CT appearance in 92 patients. Radiology 2006 241(l) 258-266. 

Souza CA, Muller NL, Lee KS, et al. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias prevalence of mediastinal lymph node enlargement in 206 patients. AIR Am J Roentgenol 2006 186(4) 995-999. 

Ohtani Y, Saiki S, Kitaichi M, et al. Chronic bird fancier s lung histopathological and clinical correlation. An application of the 2002 ATS/ERS consensus classification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Thorax 2005 60(8) 665-671. 

Table 1 Genetics of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias Continued)... 

Markart P, Ruppert C, Wygrecka M, et al. Surfactant protein C mutations in sporadic forms of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Eur Respir J 2007 29(1) 134—137. 

Kim KK, Flaherty KR, Long Q, et al. A plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promoter polymorphism and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Mol Med 2003 9(l-2) 52-56. 

LIP is a clinicopathologic entity characterized by a very prominent cellular lymphoplasmacytic interstitial infiltrate. Although it is classified as an idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (3), it is rarely idiopathic and more often due to one of a variety of conditions including infections (especially Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and Pneumocystis jiroveci), chronic active hepatitis, CVD such as Sjogren syndrome and SLE, drug toxicity, immunodeficiency states, and after bone marrow transplantation (21,40-53). Primary B-cell lymphomas may develop in approximately 5% of patients with LIP associated with Sjogren syndrome (54). 

Wittram C, Mark EJ, McLoud TC. CT-histologic correlation of the ATS/ERS 2002 classification of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Radiographics 2003 23 1057-1071. 

Katzenstein AL, Zisman DA, Litzky LA, et al. Usual interstitial pneumonia histologic study of biopsy and explant specimens. Am J Surg Pathol 2002 26 1567-1577. Leslie KO. Pathology of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Exp Lung Res 2005 ... 

Martinez FJ. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias usual interstitial pneumonia versus nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006 3 81-95. 

FUeder DB, Koss MN. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia a provisional category of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2004 10 441-446. 

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