European Respiratory Society

ATS, American Thoracic Society ERS, European Respiratory Society LABD, long-acting bronchodilator. 

The American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society have published standards for the diagnosis and management of individuals with AAT deficiency26 They recommend intravenous augmentation therapy for individuals with AAT... 

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Task Force. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Statement Standards for the diagnosis and management of individuals with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003 168 818-900. 

American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Task Force. Standards for the diagnosis and management of patients with COPD [Internet]. Version 1.2. New York American Thoracic Society 2004 (updated September 8, 2005). Available at www-test.thoracic.org/copd/. Accessed January 25, 2006. 

Chronic bronchitis was defined as the presence of chronic productive cough for 3 months in each of two successive years in a patient in whom other causes of chronic cough have been excluded. Emphysema was defined as abnormal permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their walls and without obvious fibrosis. The Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society... 

Table 4. A summary of characteristics and recommended treatment at each stage of COPD (from American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society, 2005). Therapy at each stage of COPD...

ISOLDE Inhaled Steroids in Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease in Europe EUROSCOP European Respiratory Society Study on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease BUD = budesonide PRED = prednisolone. 

American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society. ATS/ERS tasks force. Celli BR, MacNee W, and committee members. Standards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD a summary of the ATS/ERS position paper. Eur Respir J 2004 23 932-46. [updated 2005 July]. Available from URL www.goldcopd.org... 

Boe J, Dennis JH, Driscoll BR (2001) European Respiratory Society guidehnes on the use of nebulizers. EurRespirJ 18 228-242... 

Smaldone, G.C. Enhanced In-Vitro Delivery of Budesonide via Continuous and Breath-Activated Nebulization, European Respiratory Society, Florence Italy, Aug 30-Sept 3, 2000. 

W. MacNee, R. Allan, I. Jones, M. C. De Salvo and L. Tan, presented at the European Respiratory Society Annual Congress, Barcelona, Spain, 2010, Abstract P4000. 

Source Reprinted from Tamaoki et al. [12] with permission from European Respiratory Society Journals, Ltd. 

Fig. 6. Effects of amiloride (AML, 100 lM), bumetanide (BMT, 100 JtM), diphenylamine-2-carboxylate (DPC, 100 lM), and substitution of Cl in the medium with gluconate (Cl-free) on the decrease in short-circuit current (Isc) induced by erythromycin (EM, 100 XM) in canine cultured tracheal epithelium. Responses are expressed as means SE n = 9 for each group. p< 0.001, significantly different from the response to EM alone. (Reprinted from Tamaoki etal. [12] with permission from European Respiratory Society Journals, Ltd.)...

Stocks J, Quanjer PH. Reference values for residual volume, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity. ATS Workshop on Lung Volume Measurements. Official statement of the European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J 1995 492-506. 

American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society. Respiratory mechanics in infants physiologic evaluation in health and disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993 147 474 96. 

VII. Development of Clinical Nebulizer Guidelines Within the European Respiratory Society... 

Boe J, Dennis JH. European Respiratory Society nebulizer guidelines technical aspects. Eur Respir Rev 2000 73 ... 

Anonymous (1999) Statement on sarcoidosis. Joint Statement of the American Thoracic Society (ATS), the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the World Association of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders (WASOG) adopted by the ATS Board of Directors and by the ERS Executive Committee, February 1999. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160 736-755... 

In 2002, The American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) published a classification schema recognizing seven idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (llPs) (9) (Table 1). These IIPs have disparate clinical expression and prognosis and will be discussed individually. 

---