Identification/confirmation

To ensure microbial strains are viable and pure a suite of morphological, biochemical, and cytochemical tests are used to confirm characteristics specific to their taxons. A number of commercially available rapid identification kits are also employed for some common genera. In addition to these taxon specific tests, many of the cultures are tested for their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles using the commercial MIDI system. The FAME profiles can be compared to the MIDI database for species identification/confirmation purposes. The Biolog system, which yields a metabolic fingerprint of an organism, is another alternative for rapid identification. 

Lead componnd identification Confirm the activities of the selected lead componnds make a decision on the lead componnds to be developed further... 

The system relies upon preliminary fractionation of the microbial crude extract by dualmode countercurrent chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection (PDA). The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) of biologically active peaks are used for identification. Confirmation of compound identity is accomplished by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Use of an integrated system countercurrent chromatography (CCC) separation, PDA detection, and LC-MS rapidly provided profiles and structural information extremely useful for metabolite identification (dereplication, Figure 14.1). 

Most analyses require several unit operations, namely separation of the poison from the biological material, isolation and purification of the toxic substance and its metabolites, identification, confirmation of identity, and quantification. The most useful methods are those which combine two or more of these unit... 

The FBI has been widely apphed for identification, confirmation of identity as well as quantitative analysis in a variety of apphcation areas, especially in the analysis of pesticides. The interest of the US Envirornnental Protection Agency (US-EPA) in the use of the PBI for envirornnental monitoring of pesticides obviously contributed significantly to the proliferation of the system. 

In 1986, Whitfield et al. [36] used discriminant analysis to ascertain that a veterinary drug dosed in chicken feed was present before conducting a quantitative analysis. Since a simple MLR equation was used, they felt a positive identification, confirming the presence of the correct drug substance, should be run prior to analysis. 

The identification, confirmation and quantification of TCA can be achieved by collision induced dissociation (CID) analysis using an ion... 

IP-HPLC (hexanesulfonic acid) with UV (254 nm) and ICP-MS detection ESI-MS and MS-MS used for identification/ confirmation of Se species... 

Identified after chromatography on buffered silicic acid and titration by Clements and Deatherage (1957) who estimated its concentration to 0.02% of their standard roasted coffee. Separated as free acid and methyl ester, by Gautschi (1958) using one of the first GC techniques. Identification confirmed by Zlatkis and Sivetz (1960). The estimations by Kung et al. (1967) and Feldman et al. (1969) were very... 

Hepler, B.R. Sutheimer, C. Sunshine, I. Sebrosky, G.F. Combined enz3une inununoassay-LCEC method for the identification, confirmation, and quantitation of opiates in biological fluids. J.Anal.Toxicol., 1984, 8, 78-90... 

Laboratory air is routinely monitored quarterly by the NIOSH charcoal tube sampling procedure. Laboratory air is drawn through the tube for an 8 hour period and the charcoal adsorbant is extracted with carbon disulfide or other suitable solvents. The extract is analyzed by gas chromatography using both flame ionization and electron capture detectors. Chromatograms from each sample are compared to those of blank samples collected prior to initiation of Hazardous Materials Laboratory operations. Standard analytical techniques (HPLC, GC/MS, etc.) are used, as required, for identification, confirmation and quantitation. 

Identification of these suspected allergens according to the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) official method [60] relies on a combination of retention time and ratio of selected ions acquired in selected ion monitoring mode. A single m/z channel is used for quantification, and the ratio of this ion with two additional characteristic is used for identification confirmation... 

Bacterial identification confirmed by comparative DNA sequence analysis Accugenix Inc. (Newark, DE). 

Many organic pollutants in water can be analyzed with LC techniques at trace levels. From the different LC methods discussed in this entry, several remarks can be made 1) For routine water monitoring, LC/DAD is the most common detection device used to analyze polar, thermolabile, and non-volatile compounds due to its robustness, high sample throughput, and the possibility of obtaining a UV spectrum that can be used for analyte confirmation 2) LC/FD and ECD are more selective and sensitive than DAD and are especially useful for the monitoring of PAHs, carbamates, and phenols 3) LC/ MS with API sources and different combinations of mass analyzers have become highly robust techniques and the preferred option for the identification, confirmation, and... 

I, II) different isomers ( ) identification confirmed by comparison with authentic standards. 

In another study, Yong et al. [70] reported a novel chitinase-producing bacterium strain (C4) from soil samples. Molecular identification confirmed that strain C4... 

Method validation has traditionally focused on quantitative aspects, and with the exception of the last few years, less attention has been paid to reliable identification. Confirmation of potential positives is a matter of concern due to the imdesirable effects associated with erroneous... 

Ideally, the identification—confirmation should be objective and safe, not depending on the subjective interpretation of the analyst. In PRA, the recent SANCO guidelines [33] can be applied. An interesting discussion on the identification and confirmation of chemical residues in food can be found elsewhere [34]. 

As regards the final step of the analytical procedure, until quite recently conventional selective GC detectors were predominandy used. Today, an element-selective detector is a proper choice for screening studies in which the number of negatives far exceeds that of positives. However, with the advent of much less expensive MS detectors with, simultaneously. Improved analytical characteristics, and the increasing demand for analyte identification/confirmation on the basis of structural information, GC-MS is becoming the method of choice for a rapidly increasing number of applications. With the target-compound-oriented ion-trap-type MS-MS detection, analyte Identification at or below the 1-ng/L level becomes possible for approximately 10-ml aqueous samples. 

The use of MS is often regarded as the ultimate tool for confirmation or identification. Confirmation is generally regarded as identical to identification, with respect to the unambiguous determination of the identity of the analyte. However,... 

The MS was set to run in full scan mode, providing the complete mass spectra of the detected compounds for identification, confirmation and quantitation. The complete list of azo compounds and internal standards is given in Table 4.29 with retention times for the given analytical conditions and the masses for the selective quantitation (Purwanto and Chen, 2013). 

Peak no. Atmospheric pressure ionization Molecular weight Identification Confirmation... 

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