Hydraulic fluids solvents

Fluoroelastomer (Vitou, Fluorel 2141, Kel-F) 450 Can be used at high temperatures with many fuels, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, solvents, highly resistant to ozone, weathering. Good mechanical properties. 

Uses Plasticizer for lacquers, plastics, cellulose esters, and vinyl resins heat-exchange liquid carbonless copy paper systems in aircraft hydraulic fluids solvent extraction of metal ions from solution of reactor products uranium extraction and nuclear fuel reprocessing pigment grinding assistant antifoaming agent solvent for nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate. 

Fig. 10. Hydraulic fluid-solvent pumping and distribution systems. Black, tubes pressurized liquid. Hatched tubes alternate, a = oil reservoir, b = gear pump, c = pressure limiter, d = bleed check, e = low-pressure accumulator, f = intersifier (1,2,3,4), g = solenoid valves A,B,C,D), h = blending valve, i = pressure transducer, j = mixing chamber, k = to column, 1 = weak solvent, m = strong solvent. Courtesy Micromeritics Instrument Co. Since completion of the manuscript we have been aware of a change In the method for proportioning mobile phase. Now Micromeritics Model 7000 B uses an additional pair of solenoids to blend mobile phase by proportioning the application of hydraulic fluid on the low pressure side of the hydraulic intensifiers.

Uses Mfg. of flotation agents, pharmaceuticals, lacquers, rubber, plastics, fruit essences, explosives component of paint strippers, hydraulic fluids solvent... 

Components in hydraulic fluids, solvents and cosolvents for cosmetics pharmaceutical and industrial apppllcatlons chemical intermediates. 

Leather To 210 Good mechanical properties for sealing. Resistant to alcohol, gasobne, many oils and solvents, synthetic hydraulic fluids, water. 

Both the dipolymers and terpolymers have excellent resistance to hydrocarbons found m petroleum-based fuels and lubricants The 69 5% F terpolymer resists swellmg m blended fuels that contain metlianol and can be used in contact with certain phosphate ester-based hydraulic fluids Terpolymers are preferred for contact with aromatic solvents, although either type performs well in higher alcohols VDF-based elastomers dissolve m polar aprotic solvents such as ketones, esters, amides, and certam ethers These elastomers are therefore not suitable for contact with fluids that contain substantial amounts of these solvents because of excessive swell and consequent loss of mechanical properties... 

Many engineering thermoplastics (e.g., polysulfone, polycarbonate, etc.) have limited utility in applications that require exposure to chemical environments. Environmental stress cracking [13] occurs when a stressed polymer is exposed to solvents. Poly(aryl ether phenylquin-oxalines) [27] and poly(aryl ether benzoxazoles) [60] show poor resistance to environmental stress cracking in the presence of acetone, chloroform, etc. This is expected because these structures are amorphous, and there is no crystallinity or liquid crystalline type structure to give solvent resistance. Thus, these materials may have limited utility in processes or applications that require multiple solvent coatings or exposures, whereas acetylene terminated polyaryl ethers [13] exhibit excellent processability, high adhesive properties, and good resistance to hydraulic fluid. 

Compound 1 is used as a solvent in the food, paint, resin/plastics, soap and woodpulp/paper industries, and as a plasticizer. Compound 2 is used as an intermediate for the manufacture of hydraulic fluid additives and cosmetics. Sulphonal (2 2-his(ethylsulphonyl)-propane), another important sulphone, is a colourless solid, stable to acids and alkalis, with hypnotic properties. 

Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids. Methods are available for analysis of the hydrocarbon components of mineral oil hydraulic fluids (predominantly straight and branched chain alkanes) in environmental samples. Some of these methods are summarized in Table 6-3. In general, water and sediment samples are extracted with a suitable solvent in a Soxhlet extractor (for solid samples) or in separatory funnel or shake flask (for liquid samples) (Bates et al. 1984 Peterman et al. 1980). The extract is cleaned up on silica gel or Florisil columns using a nonpolar solvent to elute the nonpolar alkanes. Analysis is usually performed by GC/MS (Bates et al. 1984 Kawamura and Kaplan 1983 Peterman et al. 1980). Method performance has not been reported, although 82% recovery of aliphatic hydrocarbons was reported for rainwater (Kawamura and Kaplan 1983). 

Organophosphate Ester Hydraulic Fluids. Few analytical methods are available for analysis of organophosphate esters in environmental samples. A summary of methods is shown in Table 6-4. Care must be taken in the laboratory to assure that all labware, solvents and reagents are free of interfering contaminants. Organophosphate esters have widespread use and have been reported as sources of contamination (Muir 1984 LeBel and Williams 1986). 

Used industrially as a solvent, inhibitor in hydraulic fluids, polymerization catalyst, insecticide, emulsifying agent, and as a chemical intermediate. 

Used industrially for the manufacture of organophosphorus compounds (Insecticides, dyes, pharmaceuticals, defoliants) as well as esters for plasticizers, gasoline additives, and hydraulic fluids used in industry as a chlorinating agent, catalyst, dopant for semiconductor grade silicon, fire retarding agent, and solvent in cryoscopy. 

David and Seilier [1] compared the efficiencies of various extraction techniques including supercritical fluid [2], high pressure solvent and Soxhlet extraction for the removal of organophosphorus hydraulic fluids from soil. High pressure solvent extraction was at temperatures up to 200°C and pressures up to 170 bar was the favoured technique. Extraction efficiencies were similar in all three methods, but the favoured method was more rapid and cheaper to operate. 

For these tests, the service liquids (solvent, oil, hydraulic fluid, acid, base. ..) can be used but, to ease the establishment of specifications and comparative tests, reference solvents, oils or fuels are often used. The most current are IRM 901,902 or 903 oils (which replace ASTM 1,2 and 3 oils), fuels or solvents ASTM A, B, C. 

Uses Preparation of butyl esters (e.g., butyl acetate, di-n-butyl phthalate), glycol ethers solvent for waxes, resins, gums, and varnishes hydraulic fluid ingredient in perfumes and flavors additive in deicing fluids polishes, floor cleaners, stain removers, and in some gasolines (antiicing) diluent for brake fluids humectant for cellulose nitrate. 

Uses Solvent for celluloid, cellulose acetate, fats, oils, waxes, nitrocellulose and resins wood preservatives rayon and artificial leather imitation gold leaf extraction of resins and waxes in antifreeze mixtures and hydraulic fluids laboratory reagent preservative for animal tissue dyeing mixtures stripping agent for textiles. 

Uses Solvent for elastomers, natural rubber, synthetic rubber heat-transfer liquid transformer and hydraulic fluid wash liquor for removing C4 and higher hydrocarbons sniff gas recovery agent in chlorine plants chemical intermediate for fluorinated lubricants and rubber compounds fluid for gyroscopes fumigant for grapes. Not produced commercially in the U.S. 

Uses Denaturant for ethyl alcohol solvent for paints, varnishes, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose lacquers, resins, fats, oils, and waxes preparation of methyl amyl alcohol in hydraulic fluids and antifreeze extraction of uranium from fission products organic synthesis. 

Uses Plasticizer in lacquers, varnishes, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, nitrocellulose waterproofing agent hydraulic fluid and heat exchange medium fire retardant for plastics solvent mixtures synthetic lubricant gasoline additive to prevent pre-ignition. 

Uses. Antifreeze and coolant mixtures for motor vehicles in hydraulic fluids and heat exchangers solvent... 

Diacetone alcohol is a solvent used in hydraulic fluids and printing inks. Recall that the aldol condensation is an example of a variety of carbanion reactions used to make large molecules from smaller ones. An aldehyde or a ketone with at least one hydrogen on the carbon next to the carbonyl will react to give the aldol condensation. The mechanism is given as follows. 

Hexachlorobutadiene is used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of rubber compounds (ERA 1982d). Lesser quantities of hexachlorobutadiene are used as a solvent, a fluid for gyroscopes, a heat transfer liquid, hydraulic fluid, and as a chemical intermediate in the production of chlorofluorocarbons and lubricants (ERA 1980 lARC 1979 Verschueren 1983). Small quantities are also used as a laboratory reagent (ERA 1982d). In the international market, Russia is reported to be one of the major users of hexachlorobutadiene, where it is used as a fumigant on grape crops. 

Christos T, Forshey DR. 1981. Thermal degradation products of solvents and hydraulic fluids used in mining. Report to U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Washington, DC, by Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA. NTIS No. PB81-197154. 

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