Human T lymphocytes

Retroviruses Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) Human T-lymphocytic tumors... 

Cooper LJ, Kalos M, Lewinsohn DA, Riddell SR, Greenberg PD (2000) Transfer of specificity for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 into primary human T lymphocytes by introduction of T-cell receptor genes. J Virol 74 8207-8212... 

Epstein-Barr virus Human T-lymphocyte virus (HTFV-1 and HTFV-2) Social Habits Cigarette smoking Maternal marijuana use Maternal ethanol use... 

Xu L, Kelvin DJ, Ye GQ, et al. Modulation of IL-8 receptor expression on purified human T lymphocytes is associated with changed chemotactic responses to IL-8. J Leukoc Biol 1995 57(2) 335-342. 

Miller, M.D., Hata, S., De Waal Malefyt, R., and Krangel, M.S. (1989) A novel polypeptide secreted by activated human T lymphocytes./. Immunol. 143, 2907-2916. 

Kehrl JH, Wakefield LM, Roberts AB, Jakowlew S, Alvarez-Mon M, Derynck R, Sporn MB, Fauci AS (1986) Production of transforming growth factor beta by human T lymphocytes and its potential role in the regulation of T cell growth. J Exp Med 163 1037-1050... 

Nickel-specific human T-lymphocyte clones have been isolated from blood [373] and inflammatory infiltrates after nickel application [379, 381]. 7-15% of the CD4 1 8 T-lymphocyte clones appeared to be specific for nickel in a proliferation assay [379] this proliferation response required the presence of antigen-presenting cells and was restricted by HLA class II molecules. Nickel-specific T cells from each nickel-allergic patient were extremely heterogenous with respect to their genetic restriction [381], Nickel-specific T lymphocytes sometimes show unusual genetic restrictions and might even respond to nickel without the participation of HLA-II molecules. 

McKercher SR, Torbett BE, Anderson KL, Henkel GW, Vestal DJ, Baribault H, Klemsz M, Feeney AJ, Wu GE, Paige CJ, Maki RA (1996) Targeted disruption of the PU.l gene results in multiple hematopoietic abnormalities. EMBO J 15 5647-5658 Mclean AR, Michie CA (1995) In vivo estimates of division and death rates of human T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92 3707-3711... 

Bertone S, Schiavetti F, Bellomo R, Vitale C, Ponte M, Moretta L, Mingari MC Transforming growth factor-p-induced expression of CD94/NKG2A inhibitory receptors in human T lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol 1999 29 23. 

Delivery of transgenic mice-derived T cell antigen receptors into human T lymphocytes. 

In conclusion, these results demonstrate that affinity and specificity of A2.1-restricted TCRs, selected in Tg mice by circumventing self-tolerance to universal hdm2- and wt p53-derived CTL epitopes, can be successfully delivered into human T lymphocytes. This, however, is precisely the molecular requirement to rescue the human T cell repertoire with high-affinity leukemia and tumor-reactive TCRs that have been lost due to the establishment of antigen-specific self-tolerance [13, 14]. 

Kavelaars A, Jeurissen F, von Frijtag Drabbe Kunzel J, Herman van Roijen J, Rijkers GT, Heijnen CJ (1993) Substance P induces a rise in intracellular calcium concentration in human T lymphocytes in vitro evidence of a receptor-independent mechanism. J Neuroimmunol 42 61-70 Kemppainen RJ, Behrend EN (1998) Dexamethasone rapidly induces a novel ras superfamily member-related gene in AtT-20 cells. J Biol Chem 273 3129-3131... 

The ability of lymphocytes to recover proliferative function after exposure to authentic N=0 was also assessed. The proliferative response of CTLL-Z, a mouse T cell clone, in response to rmlL-2 24 hr after exposure to authentic N=0 again revealed a 50% diminution of the H-TdR uptake (Fig. 3). The H TdR uptake of a human T lymphocyte clone in response to alloantigen was also inhibited 48 hr after exposure to N=0. Whether the same mechanism responsible for decreased H-TdR uptake of actively proliferating cells (described above) is operative in the system where lymphocytes are exposed to a mitogenic stimulus after -N=0 exposure remains to be determined. 

Buschle, M., Cotton, M., Kirlappos, H., et al. (1995) Receptor-mediated gene transfer into human T lymphocytes via binding of DNA/CD3 antibody particles to the CD3 T cell receptor complex. Hum. Gene Ther., 6, 753-761. 

Hanissian, S. H., Frangakis, M., Bland, M. M., Jawahar, S. and Chatila, T. A., 1993, Expression of a Ca2- -/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CaM kinase-Gr, in human T lymphocytes. Regulation of kinase activity by T cell receptor signaling, J Biol Chem, 268, pp 20055—63. 

Howe, C. J., FaHair, M. M., Maxwell, J. A., Lee, J. T., Robinson, P. J., Rodriguez-Mora, O., McCubrey, J. A. and Franklin, R. A., 2002, Participation of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases in hydrogen peroxide-induced Ikappa B phosphorylation in human T lymphocytes, J Biol Chem, 277, pp 30469-76. 

In an attempt to increase efficacy in therapy, the production of bivalent or multivalent species by linking subunits (non-covalently, covalently, or by disulfide bonds) has been proposed. For example, a bispecific single-chain antibody fragment has been investigated for malaria therapy. This is a combination of two scFv, one directed against the CD3 molecule on human T lymphocytes, and the other against an epitope of a surface protein of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite which causes malaria [8]. 

Met-enkephalinamide, an endogenous delta selective opiate, is shown to modulate TCR/CD3-induced fluctuations in free intracellular calcium levels in human T lymphocytes, reinforcing the hypothesis of a direct immunomod-ulation by endogenous opioids [35]. Deltorphin and [D-Ala2,D-Leu5]enkeph-alin (DADLE) induced increases in intracellular calcium [Ca2+] were... 

Fig. 3. TLC separation of D-3 phosphoinositide lipids derived from in vitro lipid kinase assay of p85 immunoprecipitates using Ptdlns as a substrate. Immuno-precipitates are derived from resting (lane 1) or RANTES-stimulated (lane 2) human T lymphocytes.

IV. Anti-T-cell Immune serum is obtained from animals immunized with human T-lymphocytes. The antibodies bind to and damage T cells and can thus be used to attenuate tissue rejection. 

Wheelock (1965) was the first to describe the protein now termed IFN7, characterizing it as an IFN-like virus-inhibitory protein produced by mitogen-activated human T lymphocytes. Wheelock termed the protein interferon-like because, unlike... 

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