Antibodies particles

Buschle, M., Cotton, M., Kirlappos, H., et al. (1995) Receptor-mediated gene transfer into human T lymphocytes via binding of DNA/CD3 antibody particles to the CD3 T cell receptor complex. Hum. Gene Ther., 6, 753-761. 

Solid-phase antibody (particles, disks, tubes, gel entrapment, polymerized antibody)... 

Fig. 1. Schematic representation of double-antibody solid phase enzyme immunoassay using cross-linked second antibody particles for separation. Encircled E, enzyme label.

Potcntiomctric Biosensors Potentiometric electrodes for the analysis of molecules of biochemical importance can be constructed in a fashion similar to that used for gas-sensing electrodes. The most common class of potentiometric biosensors are the so-called enzyme electrodes, in which an enzyme is trapped or immobilized at the surface of an ion-selective electrode. Reaction of the analyte with the enzyme produces a product whose concentration is monitored by the ion-selective electrode. Potentiometric biosensors have also been designed around other biologically active species, including antibodies, bacterial particles, tissue, and hormone receptors. 

HS also affects ribonucleoproteins. Overall, there is a decrease in the pro-tein/RNA ratio. Antibodies against certain ribonucleoproteins have been used as a probe in heat shocked cells and these demonstrate a loss of some RNA particles normally seen at 37 °C. 

Fig. 35 TEM image of peptide fibres coated with streptavidin-gold nanoparticles, (a, b) Peptides with biotin directly attached (using SAF-pl-biotin) particles are 10 nm, (c) Peptide fibre with biotinylated anti-FLAG antibody attached that was then bound to gold-labelled streptavidin particles are 5 nm. Reprinted with permission from Ryadnov and Woolfson [76]. Copyright 2004 American Chemical Society...

Fig 2 Immunogold negative staining, with a monoclonal antibody (JIM 5 (13)) that recognises a relatively unesterified pectic epitope, of rhamnogalacturonans extracted from onion cell walls. Arrows indicate 5 nm colloidal gold particles. Scale bar represents 200nm. 

Fig. 10. Intercellular junction zones of carrot cells grown in suspension have been observed in electron microscopy after immunogold labeling with the 2F4 antibody, (a) no treatment of the sections prior to labeling the gold particles are restricted to the center of the junction zones (b) enzymatic (pectin methyl esterase) deesterification of the E.M. grids before labeling the deesterified pectins present in the primary walls now bind the probe. Scale bars = 1 pm.

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