Receptor-independent

A natural sythesised cannabinoid interacting with the cannabinoid receptor I and II. In addition, anandamide blocks receptor-independent all LVA-calcium channels. 

Van den Bossche, J. et al. (2010) Efficient receptor-independent intracellular translocation of aptamers mediated by conjugation to carbon nanotubes. Chemical Communications, 7379-7381. Mu, Q.X., Broughton, D.L. and Yan, B. 

Another potential source of iron, at least for hepatocytes, is receptor-independent uptake of iron from transferrin. This appears to involve an iron uptake pathway from transferrin which is neither suppressed in hepatocytes by antibodies to TfR (Trinder et at, 1988), nor by transfection of HuH-7 hepatoma cells with transferrin receptor anti-sense cDNA (Trinder etat, 1996). The same pathway may also be utilized for iron uptake from isolated transferrin N-lobe, which is not recognized by the receptor (Thorstensen et at, 1995). The possible role of TfR2 in this process remains to be established, as does the physiological importance of this pathway in intact liver. Human melanoma cells (Richardson and Baker, 1994) and Chinese hamster cells lacking transferrin receptors but transfected with melanotransferrin (Kennard et at, 1995) use another pathway for transferrin iron uptake, independent of the transferrin receptor, but utilizing iron transfer from transferrin or simple iron chelates to membrane-anchored melanotransferrin, and from there onwards into the cellular interior. 

Other forms of synaptic plasticity include long-term depression (LTD) and NMDA-receptor-independent LTP 865... 

A second type of NMDA-receptor-independent LTP exists in the mossy-fiber pathway at the dentate granule cell-to-CA3 pyramidal cell synapse [19]. This form of LTP, termed mossy fiber-CA3 LTP, is believed to involve PKA activation in the presynaptic cell which leads to increased neurotransmitter release. However, the exact induction mechanism is not yet clear. 

Kiss Z (1994) Tamoxifen stimulates phospholipase D activity by an estrogen receptor-independent mechanism. FEBS Lett 355 173-177... 

Levine L (2003b) Tamoxifen stimulates arachidonic acid release from rat liver cells by an estrogen receptor-independent, non-genomic mechanism. BMC Cancer 3(1) 24... 

Dudley, A.C., et al., An aryl hydrocarbon receptor independent mechanism of JP-8 jet fuel immunotoxicity in AH-responsive and AH-nonresponsive mice, Toxicol. Sci., 59 251, 2001. 

M. Wu, J. Fan, W. Gunning, and M. Ratnam. Clustering of GPI-anchored folate receptor independent of both cross-linking and association with caveolin. J. Membr. Biol. 159 137-147 (1997). 

Derossi D, Calvet S, Trembleau A, et al. Cell internalization of the third helix of the antennapedia homeodomain is receptor-independent. J Biol Chem 1996 271(30) 18188-18193. 

Sato, M., Cismowski, M. J., Toyota, E., et al. (2006) Identification of a receptor-independent activator of G protein signaling (AGS8) in ischemic heart and its interaction with Gbetagamma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103, 797-802. 

Key Words 2D-QSAR traditional QSAR 3D-QSAR nD-QSAR 4D-QSAR receptor-independent QSAR receptor-dependent QSAR high throughput screening alignment conformation chemometrics principal components analysis partial least squares artificial neural networks support vector machines Binary-QSAR selecting QSAR descriptors. 

Wu JQ, Rowan MJ, Anwyl R (2004) An NMDA receptor-independent LTP mediated by group II metabotropic glutamate receptors and p42/44 MAP kinase in the dentate gyrus in vitro. Neuropharmacology 46 311-317... 

Fig. 2 Yeast-based functional screen for receptor-independent activators of G-protein signaling. The yeast strain indicated in A was generated as described previously (Cismowski et al. 1999, 2002) and transformed with mammalian cDNA libraries in the galactose-inducible yeast expression vector pYES2. The strategy for identifying mammalian cDNAs that promoted growth (i.e., activated G-protein signaling pathway) is indicated in B. GALlp GALl promoter)...

Bueb JL, Mousli M, Bronner C, Rouot B, Landry Y (1990) Activation of Gi-Uke proteins, a receptor-independent effect of kinins in mast cells. Mol Pharmacol 38 816—822 Burde R, Dippel E, Seifert R (1996) Receptor-independent G protein activation may account for the stimulatory effects of first-generation Hl-receptor antagonists in HL-60 cells, basophils, and mast cells. Biochem Pharmacol 51 125—131... 

Hess HA, Roper JC, Grill SW, Koelle MR (2004) RGS-7 completes a receptor-independent heterotrimeric G protein cycle to asymmetrically regulate mitotic spindle positioning in C. elegans. Cell 119 209-218 Higashijima T, Burnier J, Ross EM (1990) Regulation of Gi and Go by mastoparan, related amphiphilic peptides, and hydrophobic amines mechanism and structural determinants of activity. J Biol Chem 265 14176-14186... 

Kavelaars A, Jeurissen F, von Frijtag Drabbe Kunzel J, Herman van Roijen J, Rijkers GT, Heijnen CJ (1993) Substance P induces a rise in intracellular calcium concentration in human T lymphocytes in vitro evidence of a receptor-independent mechanism. J Neuroimmunol 42 61-70 Kemppainen RJ, Behrend EN (1998) Dexamethasone rapidly induces a novel ras superfamily member-related gene in AtT-20 cells. J Biol Chem 273 3129-3131... 

Klinker IF, Seifert R (1997) Morphine and muscle relaxants are receptor-independent G-protein activators and cromolyn is an inhibitor of stimulated G-protein activity. Inflamm Res 46 46—50 Klinker IF, Seifert R, Datum H, Rommelspacher H (1997) Activation by beta-carbohnes of G-proteins in HL-60 membranes and the bovine retinal G-protein transducin in a receptor-independent manner. Biochem Pharmacol 53 1621-1626... 

---