Human immunodeficiency virus structure

H. Geyer, C. Holschbach, G. Hunsmann, J. Schneider, Carbohydrates of human immunodeficiency virus. Structures of oligosaccharides linked to the envelope glycoprotein 120, J. Biol Chem., 1988,263, 11760 11767. 

Gibson W (1996) Structure and assembly of the virion. Intervirology 39 389 00 Goldman ME, Nunberg JH, O Brien JA, Quintero JC, Schleif WA, Freund KF, Gaul SL, Saari WS, Wai IS, Hoffman JM et al. (1991) Pyridinone derivatives specific human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors with antiviral activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA... 

Many enveloped viruses share a common mechanism of fusion, mediated by a virus-encoded glycoprotein that contains heptad repeats in its extraceUnlar domain. Dnring the fnsion process, these domains rearrange to form highly structured and thermodynamically stable coiled-coils. Viruses encoding fusion proteins that have these domains inclnde members of the paramyxovirus family (e.g., respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus, and measles virus), ebola virus, influenza, and members of the retroviridae (e.g., human T cell lenkemia virus type-1 and human immunodeficiency virus type-1, HlV-1). Peptide inhibitors of fusion that disrupt the... 

Lu J, Sista P, Giguel F, Greenberg M, Kuritzkes DR (2004) Relative replicative fitness of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants resistant to enfuvirtide (T-20), J Virol 78 4628 637 Lu M, Blacklow SC, Kim PS (1995) A tiimeric structural domain of the HlV-1 transmembrane glycoprotein, Nat Struct Biol 2 1075-1082... 

Wild C, Oas T, McDanal C, Bolognesi D, Matthews T (1992) A synthetic peptide inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus replication correlation between solution structure and viral inhibition, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89 10537-10541... 

DesJarlais RL, Seibel GL, Kuntz ID, Furth PS, Alvarez JC, Ortiz de Montellano PR, DeCamp DL, Babd LM, Craik CS. Structure-based design of nonpeptide inhibitors specific for the human immunodeficiency virus 1 protease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990 87 6644-8. 

Wiley CA, Achim C (1994) Human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis is the pathological correlate of dementia in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Neurol 36(4) 673-676 Wiley CA, Baldwin M, Achim CL (1996) Expression of HIV regulatory and structural mRNA in the central nervous system. Aids 10(8) 843-847... 

Alirezaei M, Watry DD, Flynn CF, Kiosses WB, MasUah E, Williams BR, Kaul M, Lipton SA, Fox HS (2007) Human immunodeficiency virus-1/surface glycoprotein 120 induces apoptosis through RNA-activated protein kinase signahng in neurons. J Neurosci 27 11047-11055 Allen SJ, Crown SE, Handel TM (2007) Chemokine receptor structure, interactions, and antagonism. Annu Rev Immunol 25 787-820... 

Yi Y, Singh A, Shaheen F, Louden A, Lee C, Collman RG. Contrasting use of CCR5 structural determinants by R5 and R5X4 variants within a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 primary isolate quasispecies. J Virol 2003 77(22) 12057-12066. 

Jacobo-Molina A, Ding J, Nanni RG, Clark AD Jr, Lu X, Tantillo C, Williams RL, Kamer G, Ferris AL, Clark P, Hizi A, Hughes SH, Arnold E. Crystal structure of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase complexed with double-stranded DNA at 3.0 A resolution shows bent DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993 90 6320-6324. 

Thiourea compounds have been observed to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase, a viral enzyme that is responsible for the reverse transcription of the retroviral RNA to proviral DNA. Phenethylthiazoylthiourea (PETT) compounds were discovered as potent inhibitors of HIV type 1 and display certain structure-activity relationships among various substituents in their structure.199 207 Furthermore, thiourea derivatives have been found to be potent and selective viral inhibitors, antifungal and antibacterial compounds.208 215... 

X-ray crystallographic structure of a complex between a synthetic protease of human immunodeficiency virus 1 and a substrate based hydroxyethyl-amine inhibitor, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 87 8805 (1990). 

Dover GJ, Brusilow S, Charache S (1994) Induction of fetal hemoglobin production in subjects with sickle cell anemia by oral sodium phenylbutyrate. Blood 84 339-343 El Kharroubi A, Martin MA (1996) cis-acting sequences located downstream of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter affect its chromatin structure and transcriptional activity. Mol Cell Biol 16 2958-2966... 

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