HPCS System

The HPCS system includes a sparger ring with spray nozzles located inside the reactor pressure vessel, a motor-driven pump, diesel generator, valves, piping, and instrumentation necessary to provide an operating system with the capability of being tested during plant operation. 

The HPCS system can operate independently of normal auxiliary AC power, plant service air, or the emergency cooling water system. Operation of the system is automatically initiated from independent redundant signals indicating low reactor vessel water level or high pressure in the primary containment. The system also provides for remote-manual startup, operation, and shutdown. A testable check valve in the discharge line prevents backflow from the reactor pressure vessel when the reactor vessel pressure exceeds the HPCS system pressure such as may occur during initial activation of the system. A low flow bypass system is placed into operation until pump head exceeds the nuclear system pressure and permits flow into the reactor vessel. 

The HPCS system can be tested during normal plant operation or when the plant is shut down. During normal plant operation, pump suction is from the condensate storage tank with a full flow return line to the condensate storage tank. During plant shutdown, pump suction is from the primary containment pressure suppression pool with a full flow return line to the suppression pool. The control system provides for the automatic transfer to the service mode upon the presence of ECC demand signal. 

The integrity of the piping internal to the reactor vessel is determined by comparing the difference in pressure between spray sparger and the bottom of the core area with the pressure drop across the core. An increase in this comparison initiates an alarm in the control room. 

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These i high-pressure core spray (HPCS) system that replaced the HPCI system. The const e motor-driven pump train powered by its own electrical division complete with J diesel fhese plants also have a single train low-pressure core spray system, as well as a RHR system similar to the system design in the BWR. 3/4 group. 

Water and isobutyric acid (IBA) have been chosen as solvents because they form a mesophase with HPC and they have a critical temperature, approximately 26 C for an IBA proportion of approximately 0.4. The phase diagram shows different regions one- or two-phase, mesomorphic, or not. The two-phase region can be segregated. The mesomorphic phase can form a gel or show cholesteric colors (25). The most important Information given by this phase diagram is that the behavior of phase separation of IBA/H2O/HPC system is governed by the extreme preference of HPC for IBA as compared with water. This results in the formation of the ordered phase in dilute HPC solutions as the IBA content in the solvent is reduced. Mesophases can be obtained for low polymer concentrations of a few percent. 

The shift of the post-processing to an HPC system, parallelization strategies, and the innovative data management mainly aimed at the reduction of total runtime. On the other hand, these approaches are not sufficient to fulfill the demand of short system response times needed for interactive exploration tasks. Because of the size of today s datasets, it is not possible to meet this criterion fully since the speed-up of an algorithm cannot be increased significantly. However, a fast representation of first temporary or approximate results leads to a considerable reduction of noticeable delays by simply decreasing the latency time of an algorithm. 

We are pleased to acknowledge the support given to QSCP-XVI by the Ishikawa Prefecture, Kanazawa City, Kanazawa University, the Society DV-Xot, Quantum Chemistry Research Institute, Inoue Foundation of Science, Concurrent Systems, HPC SYSTEMS, FUJITSU Ltd, HITACHI Ltd, Real Computing Inc., Sumisho Computer System Corporation, and CMOA. We are most grateful to all members of the Local Organizing Committee (LOC) for their work and dedication, which made the stay and work of the participants both pleasant and fruitful. Finally, we would like to thank the Honorary Committee (HC) and International Scientific Committee (ISC) members for their invaluable expertise and advice. 

Into the late 80 s solvent filtering prior to use in any HPC system was a routine requirement. Today, most high-purity solvents are prefiltered before final packaging. Although this does not ensure that the solvent will be particulate-free, particulate levels are orders of magnitude lower than in the past. 

Steam condensing Containment spray Suppression pool cooling High-pressure core spray (HPCS) system Low-pressure core spray (LPCS) system Automatic depressurization... 

Selected safety/relief valves are associated with the automatic depressurization of the primary system under assumed LOCA conditions. These valves have two independent logic channels powered from different power sources, either of which can initiate depressurization. Valves open automatically and remain open imtil the pressiue falls to a preset closure pressure. These valves open automatically upon signals of high drywell pressure and low reactor water level and confirmation of one LPCI function of the RHR system or LPCS system running. Initiation signals need not be simultaneous. The valves remain open until the primary system pressure is reduced to a point where the LPCI function of the RHR system and/or the LPCS system can adequately cool the core. The initiation of automatic depressurization is delayed from 90 to 120 s to allow the operator to terminate the initiation should the HPCS system initiation and acceptable reactor vessel level have been confirmed. 

The operation of the automatic depressurization function, the HPCS system, and two LPCl loops of the RHR system (failure of division 1)... 

A combination of the HPCS system or the LPCS system plus any two other ECCS pumps provides two phenomenological cooling methods (flooding and spraying). 

Either the HPCS system or the LPCS system, one LPCl loop of the RHR system with one heat exchanger, and 100% service water flow... 

The power for operation of the ECCS is from regular AC power sources. Upon loss of regular power, operation is from on-site standby AC power sources, and the standby diesel-generator set is capable of accommodating full capacity of the LPCl and spray function. The HPCS system is completely independent of external power sources, having its own diesel generator as shown. 

The LPCl function in conjunction with the LPCS system, the HPCS system, and/or automatic depressurization of the nuclear boiler system (depending upon operability of the HPCS system or level of depletion of reactor vessel water) will restore and maintain the desired water level in the reactor vessel required for cooling after a LOCA. 

The engineered safety features include the ECCS (HPCS system, LPCS system, LPCl function of the RHR system, and the automatic depressurization function of the nuclear boiler system) and the RCIC systems. 

Imankulov, T.S., Lebedev, D., Aidarov, K., Turar, O. Design of HPC system for analysis the gel-polymer flooding of oil fields. Contemporary Engineering Sciences 7(27), 1531-1545 (2014)... 

Chen FG, Ge W, He XF, et al Multi-scale HPC system for multi-scale discrete simulation— development and application of a supercompnter with 1 Peta-flops peak performance in single precision, Particuology 7 332—335, 2009. http //dx.doi.Org/10.1016/j.pattic.2009. 

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