Discrete simulation

GPSS/PC, developed by Minuteman Software (Stow, Mass.) for IBM-compatible personal computers, is based on the popular discrete simulation language GPSS (general purpose simulation system). Reference 14 provides more details. 

A discrete simulation was undertaken using equations (9.85) and (9.86) together with a disturbance transition matrix Cd(T ), which was calculated using in equation (9.84) and equation (8.80) for B(r), with a sampling time of 2 seconds. 

Figure 10.12 Discrete simulation of the ideal, lossy waveguide.

Ge, W. and Chen, F., et al., "GPU-Based Multi-Scale Discrete Simulations and Parallel Computation". Science Press, Beijing (2009) (in Chinese). 

Turner, J.S., Discrete simulation methods for chemical kinetics, J. Phys. Chem., 1977, 81, 2379-2408. 

Previous studies have shown that there is a correlation between the enthalpy of hydration of alkanes and their accessible surface area [30,31] or related magnitudes. Moreover, relationships between the hydration numbers calculated from discrete simulations for hydrocarbons and both the free energy and enthalpy of hydration of these molecules have also been reported [32] and have been often used to evaluate solvation enthalpies. Analysis of our results, illustrates the existence of a linear relationship between A//n eie and the surface of the van der Waals cavity,. SVw, defined in MST computations for the calculation of the non-electrostatic contributions (Figure 4-1). In contrast, no relationship was found for the electrostatic component of the hydration enthalpy (A//eie data not shown). Clearly, in a first approximation, one can assume that the electrostatic interactions between solute and solvent can be decoupled from the interactions formed between uncharged solutes and solvent molecules. 

The electronic structures of the three solvent molecules have been examined at the same level and the dipole and quadrupole moments evaluated so that the dipole, dipole gradient and quadrupole fields can be included in the discrete simulation. Calculations of the dipole moment of the isolated pNA molecule have also been made for use in the EFISH formula. 

To illustrate the many factors to be included in a model to aid in decision making in the event of an attack, the committee provides an example of the elements that might be a part of a discrete simulation of the event. The example is illustrative only and not necessarily exhaustive in the factors it includes, but serves to make the point. 

Chen, C. Fan, L.-S. Discrete simulation of gas-liquid bubble columns and gas-liquid-solid fluidized beds. AIChE J. 2004, 50 (2), 288. 

The development of the theoretical models and computational methods, which can accurately account for the solvent effects on the NLO properties of molecular systems is one of the largest challenges in the contemporary quantum chemistry. The important conceptional and computational difficulty arises from the fact that the nature of the solute-solvent interaction in the condensed phase is extremely complicated. In modern quantum chemistry the solute-solvent interactions are modeled by a number of different approaches that can be divided into three main groups supermolecular approximations, discrete simulations and continuum models. 

Curry GL, Deuermeyer BL, Feldman RM. 1989. Discrete simulation fundamentals and microcomputer support. Oakland (CA) Holden-Day. 

The sampling rate determines the accuracy of the discrete simulation. Changing the OVERSAMP parameter in the code above will reveal that... 

Weinert K, Stautner M (2002) An efficient discrete simulation for five-axis milling of sculptured surfaces. Aim Germ Acad Soc Prod Eng IX/1 47-51... 

During a sabbatical in 1999, he developed a new and original continuous-discrete simulation software. This was done in collaboration with a commercial software distributor. The developed modules are now part of the basic version of a software that is distributed worldwide. 

Fig. 3.2. Discrete simulation space-time grid showing concentration terms involved in the equation for Cf using the (a) explicit and (b) implicit methods. Grey squares show the term to be solved for and white circles show the terms that appear in the equation.

Whenever frequent reversal of traversal direction or insertion or deletion of data elements occurs, a doubly linked structure should be considered. Two situations where this often occurs are in discrete simulation and in algebra. Knuth described a simulation where individuals waiting for an elevator may tire and disappear. Likewise, the case of polynomial addition requires double linkage because sums of like terms with different signs necessitate deletions. 

Advanced discrete simulation methods applied to repairable multistate systems... 

ABSTRACT The paper deals with the possibilities of analysis of rehabiUty and readiness for discrete simulation with variable time-step. Describes the simulation models in series of parallel systems with stochastic input data and indicators of reliability maintainabiUty elements of the system. Evaluate the results of simulation experiments. Points to the benefits of simulation modelling partial properties of reliabihty. 

Modelling of system availability by discrete simulation with variable time step... 

Pidd, M. R. B. Castro (1998). Hierarchical modular modelling in discrete simulation. Winter Simulation Conference, IEEE, Piscataway, Nf. 

One of the most detailed discrete simulations in the literature is that of Zeitlin and Tavlarides (1972a,b,c), which addressed the evolution of drop size distributions in mechanically agitated liquid-liquid distributions produced in batch, semibatch, and continuous flow vessels. In these simulations, the flow vessel was divided into distinct spatial regions among which individual droplets commuted with specified velocities. Thus, both internal and external coordinates characterized the individual particle state. Drop... 

Drying and liquid penetration are also important for the process already discussed in Section 7.3.3, namely spray fluidized bed agglomeration. The reason for this is that agglomeration takes place with the help of droplets sprayed on the particles, so that it slows down when such droplets are lost either by evaporation (drying) or by liquid penetration into the porous substrate. Influences of this kind can be captured very well with the help of respective micro-scale models integrated into discrete simulations, as we will see in Section 7.7. 

Pidd, M. (1995). Object-Orientation, Discrete Simulation and the Three-Phase Approach. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 362-374. 

Figure 3.3 Micro-macromixer model [22] - a schematic representation of the discrete simulation procedure.

Chabett, E. et al. (2004) Prediction of the elastic response of polymer based nanocomposites a mean field approach and a discrete simulation. Composites Science and Technrdogy, 64 (2), 309-316. 

Bunker, D.L., Garrett, B., Kliendienst, T., Long III, G.S. Discrete simulation methods in combustion kinetics. Combust. Flame 23, 373-379 (1974)... 

Da Cruz, E, S. Emem, M. Prochnow, J.-N. Roux, and R Chevoir. 2005. Rheophysics of dense granular materials Discrete simulation of plane shear flows. Phys. Rev. E 72, 021309. 

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