Hearing acuity

NS (general population) Neurological Altered auditory evoked potential latency and decreased hearing acuity in children 4-60 Holdstein et al. 1986 Robinson et al. 1985 Schwartz and Otto 1987... 

Suggestive evidence of a lead-related decrease in hearing acuity in children has been reported by Robinson et al. (1985) and Schwartz and Otto (1987, 1991). Hearing thresholds at 2,000 Hertz increased linearly with maximum blood lead levels, indicating that lead adversely affects auditory function. The PbB levels in 75 asymptomatic black children, 3-7 years old, ranged from 6 to 59 tg/dL (mean,... 

A 5-year-old girl is taken to the doctor s office by her mother following a conference with her kindergarten teacher. The teacher is concerned because compared to her kindergarten classmates, she is hyperactive, restless, and easily distracted. Recent testing revealed that the child s vision was normal but hearing acuity was below normal. Recently the child has complained of abdominal pain and has had occasional constipation. About 3 years ago the parents moved into a 75-year-old house in the inner city and have been renovating it extensively. Within the past year, the parents separated and the father moved out of the house. 

In 1991 a comprehensive review of available data resulted in the maximum tolerable blood level for children being reduced to 100 pg/litre in the USA. The Centers for Disease Control in the USA state that above this level there is a risk of adverse developmental effects in children such as reduced IQ, growth retardation, and lower hearing acuity. Lead levels above this in the blood in adults was associated with an increased risk of hypertension. The equivalent intervention level for blood lead in the UK has been set at 250 pg/litre, but, apparently, cognitive deficits have been detected at levels below this. Such effects are often difficult to measure, and three bodies (the Medical Research Council, a Royal Commission, and the Department of Health) which separately evaluated the data in the UK found that studies on this effect of lead have been inadequate and that the case was not proven. Studies are still being pubhshed which purport to... 

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intraperitoneal, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Human systemic effects changes in hearing acuity, liver tubule changes, and decreased urine volume or anuria. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. 

Of 186 women receiving cisplatin 50 mg/m 4-weekly for gynecological cancers, 40 developed significant hearing loss of at least 15 dB, but there was no significant loss in the speech frequency range (125). Prior hearing acuity did not influence the incidence or extent of the deterioration. 

Significant early childhood exposure (above 0.05 mg%, and arguably lower) has been associated with certain neuropsychiatric changes, including learning disorders, decreased IQ, behavioral abnormalities (e.g., hyperactivity), and deficits in vocabulary. In addition, decreased growth, loss of hearing acuity, deficits in reaction time, fine-motor dysfunction, developmental abnormalities, deficits in hand/ eye coordination, anemia, and death have been associated with exposure in children. Symptoms of... 

Exposure to lead in adults has been associated with hypertension, nephropathy, decreased hearing acuity, anemia, peripheral neuropathy, and encephalopathy. Onset of symptoms may be slow with chronic exposure. Anemia, common in chronically exposed adults and children, tends to be more severe in children. The life span of red blood cells decreases when lead concentrations in blood increase. In the past, the morphology of various blood cells was used to diagnose lead poisoning. Zero content is allowed in food (Food and Drug Administration). 

Hypersensitivity to amide-type local anesthetics, Adams-Stoke syndrome, supraventricular arrhythmias, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome. Spinal anesthesia contraindicated in septicemia. Caution Dosage should be reduced for elderly, debilitated, acutely ill safety in children has not been established. Severe renal/hepatic disease, hypovolemia, CHF, shock, heart block, marked hypoxia, severe respiratory depression, bradycardia, incomplete heart block. Anesthetic solutions containing epinephrine should be used with caution in peripheral or hypertensive vascular disease and during or following potent general anesthesia. Sulfite sensitivity or asthma for some local and topical anesthetic preparations. Tartrazine or aspirin sensitivity with some topical preparations. Anxiety, insomnia, apprehension, blurred vision, loss of hearing acuity, and nausea CNS depression, convulsion and respiratory depression... 

Lead is a metallic element that occurs in nature. It is a notorious poison and exposure to lead reduces children s IQs. Lead exposure also causes an array of other health effects, including neurotoxicity, developmental delays, hypertension, impaired hearing acuity, impaired hemoglobin synthesis, and male reproductive impairment. ... 

The measurement of an individual s hearing acuity or ability over a range of frequencies. 

Plugs, muffs, or helmets designed to keep excessive noise from the ear to preserve hearing acuity. 

The hearing loss suffered as the result of noise exposure, aU or part of which is recovered during an arbitrary period of time when one is removed from the noise. It accounts for the necessity of checking hearing acuity at least 16 hours after a noise exposure. Temporary Total Disability... 

Given documented links between hearing acuity and early language development (Cobo-Lewis and Eilers, 2001), an alternative measurement would be to assess the infant s acquisition of language landmarks in the first year, such as appearance of syllabic contours at around 3 mo, onset of babbling between... 

Figure 2.- Goiter prevalence and mean urinary I excretion in schoolchildren from different areas of the Province of Teruel. Also shown are data on hearing acuity of children with goiter versus those without goiter.

The subjective impression that sensation is heightened by marijuana appeared to find some objective confirmation in earlier reports which pointed to an increase in hearing acuity. Both the studies in question, however, showed certain defects (19 ). A more recent investigation in 30 subjects with placebo controls did not detect any effect of marijuana smoking on standard audiological tests, though it is fair to point out that this experiment was designed to detect adverse effects rather than any increase in the auditory performance of these normal subjects... 

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