Hamster sperm

Litscher, E.S. and Wassarman, P.M. (1996). Recombinant hamster sperm receptors that exhibit species-specific binding to sperm. Zygote 4 229-236. 

Meizel S, Turner KO. 1984. The effects of products and inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism on the hamster sperm acrosome reaction. J Exp Zool 231 283-288. 

In vitro (a) Piperine decreased fertilizing ability of hamster sperms and degree of polyspermia in vitro [77]... 

Piyachaturawat P, Sriwattana W, Damrongphol P, Pholpramool C (1991) Effects of piperine on hamster sperm capacitation and fertilization in vitro. Int J Androl 14 283-290 Malini T, Manimaran RR, Arunakaran J, Aruldhas MM, Govindarajulu P (1999) Effects of piperine on testis of albino rats. J Ethnopharmacol 64 219-225... 

Indium arsenide and indium phosphide caused testicular damage in hamsters after repeated intratracheal administration. Both materials decreased reproductive organ weight and caudal sperm count and caused severe histopathologic changes in the testes."... 

Estrogenic effect. Hexane extract of the fruit, at a concentration of 5 nM, inhibited the binding of mibolerone and methyl-trienolone to androgen receptors "" Fertility effect. Tetrahydrofuran extract of the fruit, administered orally to hamster at a concentration of 9 mg/mL, reduced sperm penetration " . Zona-free hamster oocytes, pretreated with 0.6 mg/mL of St. John s wort at a concentration of 0.06 mg/mL, resulted... 

SRI 15 Ondrizek, R. R., P. ]. Chen, W. C. Patton, and A. King. An alternative medicine study of herbal effects on penetration of zonea-free hamster oocytes and the integrity of sperm deoxyribonucleic acid. Fertil Steril 1999 71(3) 517-522. 

Heterologous in vitro fertilization or, perhaps more correctly, sperm-oocyte penetration studies have also received attention. The most extensively used bioassay of this type has been the zona-free hamster oocyte test (WHO, 1999), which investigates the ability of human sperm to penetrate and fuse with the oolemma of a hamster oocyte denuded of its zona pellucida. 

Slott VL, Jeffay SC, Suarez JD, Barbee RR, Perreault SD (1995) Synchronous assessment of sperm motility and fertilizing ability in the hamster following treatment with alpha-chlorohydrin. J Androl, 16 523-535. 

Ethanol is negative in mutagenicity assays in bacteria, mouse sperm, cell transformation in hamster and rat embryo cells, and chromosome aberrations in vitro. It produces dominant lethal effects in rats and increases sister chromosome exchange in vitro in human and nonhuman lymphocytes. 

There have been only limited studies in humans and only rare anecdotal evidence of St. John s wort s effects on reproduction and lactation. A study using hamster oocytes incubated in either 0.06 or 0.6 mg/mL of hypericum extract for 1 hour showed normal sperm penetration at the lower concentration, whereas no penetration occurred at the higher concentration. Sperm incubated in the same concentrations for 1 week demonstrated sperm DNA... 

In vivo studies (Table 2-4) have shown that NDMA methylates DNA, causes DNA fragmentation and induces DNA synthesis and repair in liver and other tissues of various species (e.g., rat, mouse, hamster, gerbil). NDMA induced chromosomal aberrations in hamster embryonic fibrolasts, sister chromatid exchanges in mouse bone marrow cells, and micronuclei in rat hepatocytes and rat and mouse bone marrow cells. The genotoxic effects indicated above occurred after inhalation, oral or intraperitoneal administration of NDMA. Sperm abnormalities were not seen in mice following intraperitoneal administration of NDMA. Sex linked recessive lethal mutations occurred in Drosophila melanoaaster. which indicates potential heritable mutagenicity of NDMA. 

Reproductive Effects. Data regarding the reproductive effects of hydrazines are limited to a few animal studies. Reproductive effects (ovarian and testicular atrophy, endometrial inflammation, aspermatogenesis) were observed in hamsters exposed to 1-5 ppm hydrazine by the inhalation route (Vemot et al. 1985). Tire incidence of endometrial cysts was significantly elevated in female mice exposed to 0.05 ppm 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (Haun et al. 1984). Spenn abnormalities and decreased caudal epididymal sperm counts were noted in mice injected with 8 mg/kg/day hydrazine or 12.5-68.8 mg/kg/day 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (Wyrobek and London 1973). These effects were not observed in hamsters exposed to 0.25 ppm hydrazine by die inhalation route (Vemot et al. 1985) or in mice and hamsters exposed to 5.3-9.5 mg/kg/day hydrazine by the oral route (Biancifiori 1970). No studies were located regarding the reproductive effects of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. In addition, no studies were located which investigated effects of hydrazines on reproductive function. Despite the inconsistency of the findings from animal studies, the serious nature of the reproductive effects observed in the positive studies makes them one of concern for humans exposed to hydrazine. 

The genotoxicity of PCBs has been tested in in vivo and in vitro studies with generally negative results. End points that have been examined in these studies include gene mutations in bacteria and Chinese hamster V79 cells, chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes and rat and mouse bone marrow cells and spermatogonia, micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells, and dominant lethal mutations in rat sperm cells. 

Franklin, L.E., Barros, C., andFussell, E.N. (1970). The acrosomal region and the acrosome reaction in sperm of the golden hamster. Biol. Reprod. 3 180-200. 

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