Anecdotal evidence

Some scientific studies indicate that the gam in performance obtained through the use of anabolic steroids is small This may be a case though in which the anecdotal evidence of the athletes may be closer to the mark than the scientific studies The scientific studies are done under ethical conditions in which patients are treated with prescription level doses of steroids A 240 pound offensive tackle ( too small by todays standards) may take several ana bolic steroids at a time at 10-20 times their pre scribed doses in order to weigh the 280 pounds he (or his coach) feels is necessary The price athletes pay for gams in size and strength can be enormous This price includes emotional costs (friendships lost because of heightened aggressiveness) sterility testicular atro phy (the testes cease to function once the body starts to obtain a sufficient supply of testosterone like steroids from outside) and increased risk of prema ture death from liver cancer or heart disease... 

Anecdotal evidence exists that some companies have relaxed their material identification programs when their suppliers systems comply with quality standards. In view of the serious results of occasional minor errors—minor from the suppliers point of view—it is doubtful if this is wise. 

A formal evaluation of the 10 mentoring pairs has not yet taken place although some anecdotal evidence suggests that the scheme is beginning to benefit some businesses. Plans to carry out an evaluation do exist, and the methods to be employed are likely to involve both joint as well as separate intermews with mentors and mentees. 

There is at present no formal evaluation of the mentoring, but anecdotal evidence repeatedly confirms that the scheme has been highly successful - a statement that one is prepared to accept simply by considering the sheer number of volunteer participants since its start several years ago globally, there are hundreds of mentors and thousands of mentees. So attraction has never been a problem, and management support continues to grow. Furthermore, Lindy points out that ... 

Acute anticoagulation is widely used in the acute setting of arterial dissection. Once again, the rationale is to prevent propagation of local thrombosis and formation of new thrombus at the site of the injured arterial wall, which is beheved to reduce the likelihood of early stroke recurrence. This practice, while rational, is based on anecdotal evidence and case series, as randomized controlled trials have... 

ANSWER Frankly, at this point, we have only anecdotal evidence. And as Dr. Schuster mentioned yesterday, people s responses can be very misleading. I could cite three individuals who attribute some mood disturbances to their prior MDMA use, but one wonders how much their reports are based on what you want to hear. 

With regard to the clinical effectiveness of TMP-SMX and the tetracyclines, anecdotal evidence and small trials support their use in the treatment of CA-MRSA cellulitis. However, large randomized, controlled trials are needed to confirm their place in therapy.16,17... 

The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USP) in 2000 issued the USP criteria for levels of evidence for botanical articles [117]. While issued for botanicals, the criteria have application to all therapeutic agents. The USP criteria rank evidence from I to IV, with Level I being the strongest. Within Level I, the randomized controlled clinical trial is ranked highest, followed by meta-analysis and epidemiological studies. Level II consists of the same designs, but with methodological flaws. Level III includes inconclusive studies, and Level IV is anecdotal evidence. 

Mechanical impact on a road surface on to which liquid oxygen had leaked caused a violent explosion [1], Anecdotal evidence that there have been several like incidents is given [2], Mixtures of asphalt and liquid oxygen were shown to be impact-sensitive on the small scale, but on the larger scale a detonator was necessary to initiate mild explosion of liquid oxygen on a layer of asphalt [3], Oil,... 

Undoubtedly sodium nitrite is a vasodilator [1]. This is seen from anecdotal evidence when nitrite is used as an antidote to cyanide poisoning hypotension is a major hazard. However, in ex vivo experiments the effect of nitrite is small but the situation in vivo is more difficult to assess, for reasons that will be clear shortly. It is now generally assumed that nitrite acts as a vasodilator because it can undergo a spontaneous reaction to give NO. The termolecular equation (Eq. (1)) sometimes given for this process is certainly incorrect as termoleculer reactions very rarely occur. 

Although the latter classes of evidence provide useful information. Class I evidence is the goal of research in herbal medication. Case studies and anecdotal evidence should be treated seriously, but they should also be followed up with empirical research. 

Solubility. Anecdotal evidence from several sources suggests that this is a particular concern. However, it is difficult to predict a priori, particularly in instances where oligomer libraries (rather than simple binary or A/B type libraries) are to be generated. 

While some anecdotal evidence has suggested possible benefit from buspirone in children (Zwier and Rao, 1994), in the study by Pfeffer (1997), only 3 of the 19 children who completed the study continued on buspirone after the study. The benefits of buspirone in children with anxiety disorders continue to be unproven. However, open-label studies have demonstrated reductions in anxiety in children with pervasive developmental disorders (Buitelaar et al., 1998). 

Although Eq. 27 appears to be the most likely initiation reaction, we cannot rule out a process in which water vapor and DMTC react, based on the ab initio results described in Sect. 4.6. If this does occur, however, it apparently does not lead to homogeneous nucleation of particles, since anecdotal evidence from the glass industry indicates that DMTC and water vapor can be premixed prior APCVD of tin oxide without substantial buildup of solids in delivery lines. Perhaps this is due to significant kinetic barriers to the decomposition of the tin-water complexes that initially form, so that further gas-phase reaction does not occur until the reactants enter the heated boundary layer above the substrate. 

Anecdotal evidence suggests that there is becoming a higher awareness of the danger of sharing needles. Some of the clients in our own unit say they stopped sharing needles some time ago. These reports are confirmed by more extensive surveys. 

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