Graft copolymer butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate

Acrylic resin Acrylonitrilefbutadiene/styrene copolymer Bis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer EthyleneA/A copolymer Methoxyethyl acrylate Methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene terpolymer Polyethylene elastomer, chlorinated 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methylmethyl ester, polymer with 1,3-butadiene and butyl 2-propenoate impact modifier, PVC rigid EVA/PVC graft polymer impact modifier, recycled polyamides EPDM, maleated impact modifier, thermoplastics Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer impact strength modifier PEG-6 trimethylolpropane impact-resistance lights Polyester carbonate resin impact-resistance, lights Polyester carbonate resin impeller... 

Copolymer composition has a direct effect on the Tg of the polymer, which determines the minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of the latex and the application. Thus, a 95/5 wt/wt butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate is an adhesive, whereas a 50/50 copolymer of the same monomers is a binder for paints. Copolymer composition affects properties such as resistance to hydrolysis [4] and weatherability. In situ formed blends of random copolymers of different compositions may be beneficial for application properties [5]. Conventional free-radical polymerization, which is the process used to manufacture almost all commercial emulsion polymers, does not allow the production of block and gradient copolymers (accessible by means of controlled radical polymerization [6], Section 3.3). Nevertheless, graft copolymers are frequently formed, and the extension of grafting largely determines the application properties. Thus, grafting determines the size of the rubber domains in ABS polymers, and the toughness of these polymers increases with rubber size. 

The extension of brush molecules is caused by excluded volume repulsion of the 2D-adsorbed side chains. Therefore, the length of adsorbed brushes should also depend on the grafting density. Copolymer brushes with a random sequence of methyl methacrylate and poly(n-butyl acrylate)-substituted methacrylate units were prepared with different compositions, i.e., grafting densities. Table 3 com-... 

Tg measurements have been performed on many other polymers and copolymers including phenol bark resins [71], PS [72-74], p-nitrobenzene substituted polymethacrylates [75], PC [76], polyimines [77], polyurethanes (PU) [78], Novolac resins [71], polyisoprene, polybutadiene, polychloroprene, nitrile rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer and butyl rubber [79], bisphenol-A epoxy diacrylate-trimethylolpropane triacrylate [80], mono and dipolyphosphazenes [81], polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid entrapment polymers [82], polyether nitrile copolymers [83], polyacrylate-polyoxyethylene grafts [84], Novolak type thermosets [71], polyester carbonates [85], polyethylene naphthalene, 2,6, dicarboxylate [86], PET-polyethylene 2,6-naphthalone carboxylate blends [87], a-phenyl substituted aromatic-aliphatic polyamides [88], sodium acrylate-methyl methacrylate multiblock copolymers [89], telechelic sulfonate polyester ionomers [90], aromatic polyamides [91], polyimides [91], 4,4"-bis(4-oxyphenoxy)benzophenone diglycidyl ether - 3,4 epoxycyclohexyl methyl 3,4 epoxy cyclohexane carboxylate blends [92], PET [93], polyhydroxybutyrate [94], polyetherimides [95], macrocyclic aromatic disulfide oligomers [96], acrylics [97], PU urea elastomers [97], glass reinforced epoxy resin composites [98], PVOH [99], polymethyl methacrylate-N-phenyl maleimide, styrene copolymers [100], chiral... 

ARGET ATRP has been successfully applied for polymerization of methyl methacrylate, ft-butyl acrylate and styrene in the presence of Sn(EH)2 (10 mol% vs. alkyl halide initiator or 0.07 mol% vs. monomer) [164,165]. For all monomers, polymerizations were well controlled using between 10 and 50 ppm of copper complexes with highly active TPMA and Me6TREN ligands. ARGET ATRP has also been utilized in the synthesis of block copolymers (poly(n-butyl acrylate)— -polystyrene and polystyrene-Z -poly(n-butyl acrylate) [164,165] and grafting... 

Figure 14.9 Effect of various impact modifiers (25wt%) on the notched Izod impact strength of recycled PET (as moulded and annealed at 150°C for 16 h) E-GMA, glycidyl-methacrylate-functionalized ethylene copolymer E-EA-GMA, ethylene-ethyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (72/20/8) terpolymer E-EA, ethylene-ethyl acrylate EPR, ethylene propylene rubber MA-GPR, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene rubber MBS, poly(methyl methacrylate)-g-poly(butadiene/styrene) BuA-C/S, poly(butyl acrylate-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) core/shell rubber. Data taken from Akkapeddi etal. [26]...

Some two stage emulsion graft copolymer materials synthesized and characterized by DMS include) the series poly (methyl methacrylate)/poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PMMA/ PnBA) synthesized by Dickie (14) and the series poly(ethyl methacrylate)/poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PEMA/PnBA) synthesized by Sperling et al. (1) The present study will continue the development of the PEMA/PnBA damping materials by incorporating a common comonomer) ethyl acrylate (EA)) in both stages of the emulsion polymerization. 

Examples of acid modified polyolefins are the copolymers of ethylene with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Variations include the partially neutralised acid copolymers with metal ions (ionomers) or terpolymers of ethylene, an acid and an acrylate such as methyl acrylate or isobutyl acrylate. Acid-containing extrudable adhesives are widely used to bond to aluminium foil. Examples of anhydride-modified polyolefins include terpolymers of ethylene, maleic anhydride and acrylates such as ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate and the anhydride-grafted polyolefins. Some typical applications and stmctures of a variety of multilayer materials with extruded polymer tie-layer adhesives, as described in Du-Pont trade literature, are detailed in Table 16.2. 

ABS-type resins are used as impact modifiers for PVC, but the resultant blend has insufficient transparency for application in clear bottles. Transparency can be obtained by grafting PMMA onto crosslinked PBD (5) or poly (butyl acrylate) (6) which has been previously grafted onto PS (Diagram 4). In this case the PMMA branch is compatible with PVC by virtue of its solubility parameter, and optical clarity results from suitable component ratios in the graft copolymer so that the refractive index matches that of PVC. The desired results are not obtained if a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and styrene is... 

An acrylic-alkyd graft copolymer which is water-dispersible was prepared by Walus (30) by copolymerizing methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid in the presence of an epoxy-modified dehydrated castor oil alkyd which was pre-reacted with lEM. When formulated with NH this gives an air-dry water-dispersible alkyd... 

Polyolefin, PO [of ethylene, propylene, butylene, 4-methylpentene, and their copolymers with 1-aUcenes, vinyls, (meth)acrylates - preferably PP], was grafted at a ratio 1 9-4 1 with 1-20 wt% of (meth)acrylic acid and >30 wt% of styrene and/or aUcyl- and/or halo-substituted styrene, methacrylic ester, and 0-60 % of other comonomers [e.g., vinyl aromatic, ester], at least some of the acid units of methacrylic acid and/or acrylic acid bearing a charge and being associated with non-polymeric counterions [e.g., 90 % methyl methacrylate, 5 % butyl acrylate, and 5 % methacrylic acid with either or Mg ". The ionomer could be blended with PO either during or after manufacturing. 

Impact Modifiers Impact modifiers are either systems with spherical elastomer particles in a rigid polymer matrix or they are systems with a honeycomb, network type of dispersed elastomeric phase. For the spherical elastomeric particles, examples are acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), methacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS) and acrylics. These systems are either graft copolymers of methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-styrene or methyl methacrylate-ethylhexyl acrylate-styrene. For the honeycomb, network type of dispersed elastomeric phase ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) or directly dispersed rubber are examples. Both of these two impact modifiers exist in the polymeric form, hence they can hardly migrate and evaporate because of their size. As a result, they pose almost no problems to health. For PVC window frame production, usually the first type (and acrylic impact modifiers) are used while MBS modifiers are found to be very effective in plasticised as well as in rigid PVC. CPE is mainly used in PVC for products like sheet, pipe, gutters and sidings. 

Recently, a novel graft copolymer of hydrophobically modified inulin (INUTEC S PI) has been used in emulsion polymerization of styrene, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and several other monomers. All lattices were prepared by emulsion polymerization using potassium persulfate as initiator. The z-average particle size was determined by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and electron micrographs were also taken. 

The discovery of the controlled radical polymerization (CRP) offered additional possibilities in the chemistry of TPEs [52-54]. CRP was used in both graft and block copolymer preparation and extensively reviewed by Matyjaszewski [55] and Mayes et al. [56]. It allows the easy preparation of novel environmentally friendly materials, such as polar TPEs it can be carried out in the bulk or in water and requires only a modest deoxygenation of the reaction mixture. Atom transfer polymerization (ATRP) is one of the most important aspects of CRP it was developed by Matyjaszewski and rests on an equilibrium between active and dormant species [57]. Moineau et al. [58] applied ARTP to the preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate-6-n-butyl acrylate-6-methyl methacrylate). 

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