Ovarian tumors germ-cell

Unlabeled Uses Treafmenf of germ cell cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, renal cell cancer, solid tumors... 

Clinical uses Leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, sarcomas, germ cell tumors of ovaries or testes, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, Wilms tumor, breast cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, neuroblastoma. 

Germ cell tumors of the ovary are very uncommon, occurring in about 2% to 3% of all ovarian cancers in Western countries with an increased incidence in black and Asian women. These tumors are highly curable and affect primarily young women, with a peak... 

Williams SD. Chemotherapy of ovarian germ cell tumors. Hematol Oncol CUn North Am 1991 5 1261-1269. 

Williams S, Blessing JA, Liao SY, et al. Adjuvant therapy of ovarian germ cell tumors with cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin A trial of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. J CUn Oncol 1994 12 701-706. 

Gershenson DM. Update on malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. Cancer 1993 71 1581-1590. 

Mostly Negative Germ cell tumors except choriocarcinoma, ovarian sex cord stromal tumors... 

The probability of malignancy is also related to the patient s age. In girls less than 9 years of age, 80% of ovarian masses are malignant, with the majority consisting of germ cell tumors. In women of reproductive age, the overall chance that an ovarian tumor will be malignant is 1 in 15 compared to 1 in 3 by 45 years of age [35]. 

In addition to the sex-cord stromal tumors, a variety of other benign and primary and metastatic malignant ovarian tumors may have a functioning stroma with estrogenic or androgenic production. However, these elevations will remain commonly subclinical. These tumors include mucinous tumors, rarely endometrioid carcinoma, malignant germ cell tumors, and mucinous metastatic carcinomas [37]. 

Dorigo 0, Berek JS (2005) Epidemiology, pathology, and clinical manifestations of ovarian germ cell tumors, www. Uptodate.com... 

In patients with a family history of breast and ovarian cancer, ovarian cancers occur up to 10 years earlier. In females younger than 20 years of age, germ cell tumors account for more than two-thirds of malignant ovarian tumors. 

The three major pathologic categories of ovarian tumors include sex-cord stromal, germ cell, and epithelial. About 85% to 90% of ovarian cancers are of epithelial origin. 

Despite its lower chemical reactivity, carboplatin has antitumor activity that is similar to that of cisplatin against ovarian carcinomas, small cell lung cancers, and germ cell cancers of the testis. Most tumors that are resistant to cisplatin are cross-resistant to carboplatin. 

Wilms tumor, Ewing s sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, gestational choriocarcinoma, testicular tumors, lymphomas, melanomas Breast, ovarian, endometrial, bladder, thyroid cancers oat cell cancer of the lung Testicular, ovarian germ cell cancers, small-cell lung cancer, acute myelogenous and lymphoblastic leukemia... 

Unlabeled Uses Adrenocortical, bladder, cervical, endometrial, prostatic, testicular carcinomas Ewing s sarcoma multiple sclerosis non-small cell, small cell lung cancer organ transplant rejection osteosarcoma ovarian germ cell, primary brain, trophoblastic tumors rheumatoid arthritis soft tissue sarcomas systemic dermato-myositis systemic lupus erythematosus Wilms tumor... 

Benomyl induced aromatase activity in a human ovarian tumor cell line. Benomyl does not cause mutations or structural chromosomal aberrations in somatic or germ cells. Benomyl does not interact directly with DNA in mammalian or nonmammalian systems. Benomyl causes chromosomal aberrations (aneuploidy and/or polyploidy) both in vitro and in vivo due to disruption of microtubules. Benomyl is not clasto-genic, however. 

D2-40, a clone of podoplanin, is a recently developed commercially available antibody directed against the M2A antigen, a 40,000-kD sialoglycoprotein associated with germ cells and lymphatic endothelium. Chu and colleagues evaluated 53 cases of mesothelioma, 28 cases of reactive pleural tissue, 30 cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, 35 cases of renal cell carcinoma, 26 cases of ovarian serous carcinoma, 16 cases of invasive breast carcinoma, 11 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma, and 7 cases of urothelial carcinoma. The authors found D2-40 expression in 51 of 53 (96%) mesotheliomas, 27 of 28 (96%) reactive pleural tissues, and 17 of 26 (65%) ovarian serous carcinomas. They did not find D2-40 in the other tumors examined. The authors also observed that the neoplastic cells immunostained in a cell membrane distribution. 

Teratomas are the most common ovarian neoplasm in women under 45 years of age, and account for up to 70% of tumors in females less than 19 years of age [67]. Ovarian teratomas derive from germ cells and are classified into three main categories, among vdiich the mature cystic teratomas account for 99%. Less common types of mature teratomas are the monodermal teratomas, which include the struma ovarii and carcinoid tumors. It is typical for monodermal teratomas not to be cystic but contain... 

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