Functionally cosmetic

Function Cosmetics and Food and food Lacquers and Metal Paints Paper Pharmaceuticals Plastics... 

Dynamic cosmesis is firequently the more important of the two forms of cosmesis, but it is frequently overlooked because it is difficult to achieve. Dynamic cosmesis can be enhanced by preserving as much of the person s residual motion as possible. For example, a partial hand prosthesis should not interfere with residual wrist motion because the wrist is used extensively in the positioning of the hand in space. Finally, a device can be considered to be functionally cosmetic if at a glance it is not immediately recognizable as an artificial hand regardless of whether it is in motion or not or whether it is or is not handlike when stationary. 

The use of esterquats in cosmetic compositions has gained interest since it is believed that esterquats can form vesicles that can incorporate emollient material, such as oils. These emollient materials are needed for the skin in order to retard the loss of moisture, and they also have a protective function. Cosmetic compositions containing various esterquats and amide esterquats that can form vesicles are claimed to provide a good moisturizing effect with... 

The role of polymeric gels in skin care cosmetics has been discussed. In recent years, skin care products without perfume and preservatives and with natural ingredients have been favored. Higher functional cosmetics to whiten or prevent wrinkling are also desired. In such situations, consid-... 

The definition of a cosmetic is referable to that outlined in the EU Cosmetics Directive, but they are divided into two categories common cosmetics (skin care, make-up, hair care, fragrances) and special-function cosmetics (e.g. anti-perspirants, hair dyes, sunscreens). 

The Bureau of Pharmaceutical Affairs of the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs (MOHS A) and the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) are the agencies responsible for the laws ruling cosmetic production and marketing in Republic of Korea (ROK). The Cosmetic Law, which came into force on 1 July 2000, is the reference text and it identifies two categories of cosmetics cosmetics as such and functional cosmetics or cosmeceuticals. 

Cosmetics containing ingredients found in the approved compendia by the MOHSA need only to be notified to the KFDA, no pre-marketing approval is requested. Conversely data on the safety and efficacy of functional cosmetics must be submitted to the KFDA, which must assess the safety and the efficacy of cosmeceuticals before they are put on the market. A less compUcated procedure is in place for functional cosmetics containing the ingredients listed and allowed by KFDA. 

However, the positive lists may also concern functions which are considered to correspond to a cosmetic in the EU, but whose ingredients are considered as active ingredients of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs in the US, quasi-drugs in Japan, functional cosmetics in Korea or medicated products in Taiwan (see Section 1.1). Only substances included on a specific positive list are allowed for the function concerned in the country issuing the list. However, a substance that is not included in a specific positive list (e.g. a preservative not listed in EU Cosmetics Directive Annex VI) may nevertheless be used in a cosmetic insofar as it is used for a function other than that taken into account in the positive list concerned (preservation in this example). 

ROK has created a new category of cosmetics, known as cosmeceuticals or functional cosmetics, which does not exist in Japan. To date, it has incorporated three categories of products (see Table 2.1.7). The regulations do not provide for systematic updating of the list of functional active ingredients, even if a new active ingredient is authorized in a finished product at the request of a company. 

Functional cosmetics and active ingredients in Republic of Korea... 

The Food, Dmg and Cosmetics Act defines a cosmetic as a substance intended to be mbbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on, introduced into, or otherwise appHed to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance. A dmg is defined as an article intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in humans or other animals, and articles intended to affect the stmcture or any function of the body of humans or other animals. 

Microcapsules are used in several film coatings other than carbonless paper. Encapsulated Hquid crystal formulations coated on polyester film are used to produce a variety of display products including thermometers. Polyester film coated with capsules loaded with leuco dyes analogous to those used in carbonless copy paper is used as a means of measuring line and force pressures (79). Encapsulated deodorants that release their core contents as a function of moisture developed because of sweating represent another commercial appHcation. Microcapsules are incorporated in several cosmetic creams, powders, and cleansing products (80). 

J. Jelhnek, ed. Formulation and Function of Cosmetics, 2nd ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1970. 

Emulsions. The fatty acid soaps of alkanolamines ate excellent emulsification agents for use in such products as floor poHshes, cosmetics, and functional fluids such as hydrauhc and metalworking fluids. For example, improved hardwater stabiUty of a hydrauhc fluid emulsion is obtained using AMP in the formulation (12). 

From the chemical point of view, succinic acid and its anhydride are characterized by the reactivity of the two carboxyUc functions and of the two methylene groups. Uses range from pharmaceuticals to food, detergents, cosmetics, plastics and resins, plant growth regulators, textiles, photography, and gas and water treatment. 

Talc is sold for use in a wide variety of appHcations, including paper (qv), ceramics (qv), roofing, paint (qv), plastics, mbber (qv), cosmetics (qv), pharmaceuticals (qv), adhesives (qv), sealants (qv), and animal feedstuffs (see Feeds and feed additives). In all of these appHcations it is a functional ingredient with specific beneficial properties. Talc is rarely used as a filler because it is much more expensive than alternative minerals such as limestone and clay. 

Functional polyethylene waxes provide both the physical properties obtained by the high molecular weight polyethylene wax and the chemical properties of an oxidised product, or one derived from a fatty alcohol or acid. The functional groups improve adhesion to polar substrates, compatibHity with polar materials, and dispersibHity into water. Uses include additives for inks and coatings, pigment dispersions, plastics, cosmetics, toners, and adhesives. 

Products such as aftershave lotions, hair tonics, and soaps contain additives purely for esthetic reasons. In many cases, though, the colorant is a significant functional part of a cosmetic, often comprising half of its total weight. Some cosmetics, including eyebrow pencils, nail poHshes, and rouges, are really Httie more than colorants mixed with one or more materials that serve simply as binders, vehicles, or diluents to give the product desirable appHcation properties (29,36-40). 

Powder Blending. Cosmetic powders serve two primary functions. One group, commonly called body powders or talcs, is appHed to the skin to provide lubricity and to absorb excessive moisture. The second group, commonly referred to as face powders, exists in both loose and compressed forms and is used to impart some color to the skin and to dull excessive oiliness. 

Over the years the cosmetic iadustry has created a wide variety of products for nail care. Some of these, such as cuticle removers and nail hardeners, are functional others, such as nail lacquers, lacquer removers, and nail elongators, are decorative. 

A number of disinfectants apparentiy owe their activity to formaldehyde, although there is argument on whether some of them function by other mechanisms. In this category, the dmg with the longest history is hexamethylenetetramine (hexamine, urotropin) [100-97-0] which is a condensation product of formaldehyde and ammonia that breaks down by acid hydrolysis to produce formaldehyde. Hexamine was first used for urinary tract antisepsis. Other antimicrobials that are adducts of formaldehyde and amines have been made others are based on methylolate derivations of nitroalkanes. The apphcations of these compounds are widespread, including inactivation of bacterial endotoxin preservation of cosmetics, metal working fluids, and latex paint and use in spin finishes, textile impregnation, and secondary oil recovery (117). 

Poly(vinyl alcohol) will function as a non-ionic surface active agent and is used in suspension polymerisation as a protective colloid. In many applications it serves as a binder and thickener is addition to an emulsifying agent. The polymer is also employed in adhesives, binders, paper sizing, paper coatings, textile sizing, ceramics, cosmetics and as a steel quenchant. 

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