Friend virus

Sawyer, S.T., Krantz, S.B., and Luna, J. (1987) Identification of the receptor for erythropoietin by cross-linking to Friend virus-infected erythroid cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 3690-3694. 

Starec, M. et al., Immune status and survival of opiate- and cocaine-heated mice infected with Friend virus,, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 259, 745, 1991. 

Anti-implantation effect. Chloroform extracts of the dried leaf, twig, and stem, administered intragastrically to pregnant rats at a dose of 0.58 g/kg for 10 days, were active. The phenolic fraction, at a dose of 0.52 g/kg and methanol extract at a dose of 0.70 g/kg, were active. Water extract, at a dose of 1 g/kg and petroleum ether extract at a dose of 0.38 g/kg, were inactive Anti-tumor activity. Water extract of the dried root, administered intraperitoneally to mice at a dose of 400 mg/kg, was inactive on Leuk (friend virus-solid) and Leuk-L1210. A dose of 500 mg/kg was inactive on sarcoma 180(ASC) - . 

Numerous structural modification studies of ellipticine have been conducted. It is found that side-chain substitution has considerable influence on the biological activity to compounds of this type. A pyridopyrrolo[2,3-g]iso-quinoline derivative, BD-40 (48) [235, 236], has demonstrated potent activity against many different experimental tumours including leukaemia L1210 and the Friend virus leukaemia. It is also active against the Moloney strain of murine sarcoma virus [237]. Phase I clinical study of (48) has been conducted [238, 239]. 

H. Fujita, M. Yamamoto, T. Yamagami, N. Hayashi, T.R. Bishop, H. De Verneuil, T. Yoshinaga, S. Shibahara, R. Morimoto, S. Sassa (1991). Sequential activation of genes for heme pathway enzymes during erythroid differentiation of mouse Friend virus-transformed erythroleukemia cells, Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 1090, 311-316. 

Ostertag W, Roesler G, Krieg CJ, et al. Induction of endogenous virus and of thymidine kinase by bromodeoxyuridine in cell cultures transformed by Friend virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1974 71 4980-4985. 

HMG protein-induce erythroleukemia cell differentiation. Friend virus-induced mouse erythroleukemia cells differentiate under the effects of hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) and HMGl protein. Ca" " ionophore induced excess HMGl protein and promoted leukemia cell differentiation. Further inducers of leukemia cell differentiation are HDAC inhibitors h)q)eracetylating N-terminal tails of core histones H3/4 (trichostatin), DMSO, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), the activator of PKC. ... 

Harikumar KB, Kuttan G, Kuttan R (2008) Inhibition of progressirai of eiythioleukemia induced by Friend virus in BALB/c mice by natural products-bobaine, curcumin and picroliv. J Exp Ther Oncol 7 275-284... 

Ott D. E., Hewes S. M., Alvord W. G, Henderson L. E. and Arthur L. O. Inhibition of Friend virus replication by a compound that reacts with the nucleocapsid zinc finger anti-retroviral effect demonstrated in vivo. Virology 243 (1998) pp. 283-292. 

Chlorite-oxidized amylose (oxyamylose) has been found to possess a leukaemo-suppressive activity against established Friend virus leukaemia. ... 

The 43% contact-exposed cagemates reported to (293) develop leukemia from nose and mouth aerosol-exposed animals may have been infected by licking residual virus from fur of the animal, but this small dosage seemed inconsistent with inability to infect adult mice by ingestion of the Friend virus strain (304). 

A particularly useful system for studies of cell differentiation was found to be murine erythroleukemia cells (Marks and Rifkind, 1978). These proerythroblasts, transformed by the Friend virus complex, can be permanently grown in a cell culture. Exposure to dimethylsulphoxide or a variety of other inducers stimulates MEL cells to make a transition to the more advanced stages of erythroid maturation. An analysis of the differentiated state of individual cells, based on cloning cells in a semi-solid medium, has revealed (Housman et al., 1978) that an irreversible commitment to differentiation occurs as a discrete event at a given time after the application of the inducer. Removal of the inducer prior to this event returns a cell to its initial state, whereas its removal after this event leaves it in the differentiated state. 

Y. Ben-David, A. Bernstein, Friend virus-induced erythroleukemia and the multistage nature of cancer. Cell, 1991, 66, 831-834. 

Horoszewicz, J. S., K. L. Rinehart, jr., S. S. Leong, and W. A. Carter Activity of Pure Streptovaricins and Fractionated Streptovaricin Complex Against Friend Virus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 7, 281 (1975). 

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