Flammable liquids, definition

Definition. A bulk storage plant is that portion of a property where flammable liquids are received by tank vessel, pipelines, tank car, or tank vehicle, and are stored or blended in bulk for the purpose of distributing such liquids by tank vessel, pipeline, tank car, tank vehicle, portable tank, or container. 

Heptane is a colorless, flammable liquid that is lighter than, but insoluble in, water. It has a definite petroleum odor that is easily detected at air concentrations of 200 ppm or greater (in air, 1 ppm = 4.10 mgm ). Naturally occurring heptane is isolated from natural gas, crude oil, or pine extracts. 

A flammable liquid is generally considered to be one with a flash point below 55°C but above 2rC a highly flammable liquid is one with a flash point above 0°C and below 21°C any liquid with a flash point lower than 0°C and a boiling point lower than 35°C must be labelled extremely flammable. These are the definitions used here but it should be noted that the term extremely flammable is sometimes used for liquids with a flash point below 32°C. 

Flammable liquids or gases and meet the definition of the OSHA Hazard Communication standard [A-7] as a liquid having a flash point <100°F or a gas having a lower flammable limit of 13% by volume or having a flammable range that is wider than 12% by volume. The OSHA Threshold Quantity for flammable liquids and gases is 10,000 pounds. 

It should be recognized that definitions for certain hazardous materials, such as flammable liquids. may not be the same for different classification systems, such as NFPA and DOT. Therefore, it is important to state which classification system a definition is based upon. 

It should be noted that the U.S. OSHA and U.S. DOT have differing definitions for the terms flammable and combustible. DOT defines a flammable liquid as one that, under specified procedures, has a flash point of not more than 141°F/60.5°C. A combustible liquid is defined as one having a flash point above 141 °F/60.5°C and below 200°F/93°C. This definition is used in this book. Many experts use 100°F/37.8°C as the point to differentiate these... 

Thus, if a liquid material meets the definition of flammability and corrosivity, its hazard class must be Flammable liquid. However, as discussed in Chapter 14, for shipment this material will require both labels Flammable Liquid and Corrosive. 

For example, an alcohol not listed by name in the Hazardous Materials Table, which meets the definition of a Flammable liquid can be assigned the proper shipping names Alcohol, n.o.s., or Flammable liquid, n.o.s. The identification numbers and specific packing requirements for these entries are different. The regulation requires the selection of Alcohol, n.o.s, as the proper shipping name, since this name best describes the material to be shipped. 

A poison 6 liquid that also meets the definition of a flammable liquid An oxidizer, flammable solid or flammable liquid that also meets the definition of a poison B A flammable solid that also meets the definition of a mater reactive material A corrosive material that also meets the definition of a poison B ... 

The second edition consists of an introduction, four sections, and two appendices. (The appendices present examples and are not part of the consensus document.) Section 1 identifies the scope of the standard and section 2 lists definitions for particular terms. Thus, paraphrasing, adequate ventilation refers to a condition in which air contaminant concentrations are below levels that cause injury or illness, or, that the vapors of flammable liquids are well below the lower flammable limit. A toxic chemical has an oral LD50 for edbino rats greater than 50 mg/kg but not greater than 500 mg/kg, or a 24 hr. skin contact LD50 for albino rabbits more than 200 mg/kg but not more than 1000 mg/kg, or an inhalation LC50 for albino rats more than 200 ppm but not more than 2000 ppm of gas or vapor or more than 2 mg/f but not more than 20 mg/f of dust or mist, provided that such exposures are reasonably likely to be encountered by humans in their use of the chemical. 

NFPA 430, 2.4.2.2 4.1.7.3 When flammable and combustible liquids are stored in segregated warehouses (see definition) with oxidizers, they shall be separated from those oxidizers by a distance of 25 ft. with dikes, drains, or sloping floors present to prevent the flammable liquids from encroaching on the separation. 

NFPA 30,4.S.2.3 4.3.12 Class 1 and Class 11 liquids in plastic containers shall only be stored in flammable liquids storage rooms (see definition) or flarmnable liquid storage cabinets. 

NFPA 45, 2.2.1.5 4.3.2.1 For the purposes of determining laboratory fire hazard classification and the use of tables 2.2.1(a) and (b) quantities of liquefied flammable gases shall be treated as if they were Class I flammable liquids (see definition) that is, 4L (l.lgal) of liquefied flammable gas is to be considered equivalent to 4L (1.1 gal) of Class I flammable liquid. 

According to regulatory definitions, flammable liquids and combustible liquids are those which can undergo combustion under conditions incident to transportation. A flammable liquid preparation is any liquid mixture or compound readied for some kind of use, possibly medicinal, that remains flammable. A material s tendency to be flammable is characterized using the following factors ... 

Liquids meeting the definition in 2.3.1.1 with a flash point of more than 35 C which do not sustain combustion need not be considered as flammable liquids for the purposes of these Regulations. Liquids are considered to be unable to sustain combustion for the purposes of these Regulations (i.e. they do not sustain combustion under defined test conditions) if (a) They have passed a suitable combustibility test [text continues] (b) Their fire point according to ISO 2592 1973 is greater than 100°C or (c) They are water miscible solutions with a water content of more than 90% by mass. UN 2.3.1.2... 

A flammable liquid with a flash point at or above 38 C (100°F) that does not meet the definition of any other hazard class may be reclassed as a combustible liquid. This provision does not apply to transportation by vessel or aircraft, except where other means of transportation is im-... 

Included in the definition of flammable solids are materials such as soil, sand, production material contaminated with flammable liquids, and firelighters combustible solids (e.g., wood, peat, cellular urea-formaldehyde resin, and compacted sawdust) that have been impregnated with a flammable liquid (usually kerosene or white spirit). When ignited, the liquid bums and propagates heat and flame to ignite, in time, the relatively less combustible solid. Firelighters are used as heat sources or to initiate the combustion of another material like coal. 

A fLammable hquid is defined differently in this context from that of an OSHA flammable liquid. It is any liquid with a flash point between 141" and 200"F (OSHA definition is a liquid with a flash... 

CAS No. is the Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number PEL is from 29 CFR 1910.1000, Table Z-1 American Conference on Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), threshold limit value (TLV) under the HCS, a MSDS is required for aU of the compounds (physical and/or chemical hazard) all of the solvents are flammable liquids or gasses, under the OSHA definition, and are regulated under the PSM Standard. 

While approved metal safety cans are still acceptable (see definition), OSHA will recognize that various nationally recognized testing labs have also approved the use of acceptable plastic safety cans for flammable liquids. 

OSH A uses the definitions in Table 16-3." The Department of Transportation (DOT) had used those definitions. However, to reach conformity with United Nations hazardous materials regulations, DOT changed its definition of flammable liquid. The upper limit for the flash point is now 141 °F. ... 

Other important definitions of flammable substances can be found in the Classification, Packaging and Labelling of Dangerous Substances Regulations 1984 where an extremely flammable liquid is defined as one with a flash point of less than 0°C and a boiling point less than or equal to 35°C, a highly flammable liquid as one with a flash point of less than 21 °C, and a flammable substance as one with a flash point between 21°C and 55°C which when tested in accordance with Schedule 2 of the HFL Regulations does not support combustion. 

Definition as used in this section Marine service station shall mean that portion of a I property where flammable liquids used as fuels are stored and dispensed from fixed equipment on shore, piers, wharves, or floating docks into the fuel tanks or self-propelled craft, and shall include all facilities used in connection therewith. 

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