Self-propelled

Hydrostatic Transmissions. The most recent use of hydrauhc power has been in hydrostatic transmissions which are used in many self-propelled harvesting machines and garden tractors and in large tractors and constmction machines. Apphcations in tmcks for highway operation also are being developed. No clutch is used and no gear shifting is involved, thus this type of transmission could be called automatic, but in all other respects the hydrostatic transmission has no similarity to the hydrokinetic automatic transmission (16). 

Waterborne Transport. Despite natural limitations, the transportation of chemicals by water has enjoyed substantial growth, especially siace the ead of World War 11. Assisted by governmental developmeat of the inland waterways system, including locks and other navigational aids, water carriers transport large quantities of bulk chemicals in barges between inland ports or between such ports and coastal ports. In addition, bulk chemicals ate transported by self-propelled tank vessels between U.S. coastal points, and between U.S. ports and overseas destinations. In 1989, 56.1 million metric tons (61.9 million short tons) of chemicals were transported in the U.S. domestic waterborne commerce (16). 

Water Transport Barges, scows, and special boats have been used in the past to transport sohd wastes to processing locations and to seaside and ocean disposal sites, but ocean disposal is no longer practiced by the United States. Although some self-propelled vessels (such as U.S. Navy garbage scows and other special boats) have been used, most common practice is to use vessels towed by tugs or other special boats. 

A rubber-tired, self-propelled transit vehicle using an internal combustion engine for power. Most use direct-ignition (diesel) engines, but gaso-... 

Continual disappointment in his business affairs kept him in relative obscurity even as his developments were reshaping the industrial world. Today, even the engineering community rarely notes his successes as the inventor of the first self-propelled... 

Self-propelled torpedo invented by Robert Wliitehead (England). 

Installations underground in mines and self-propelled mobile surface mining machinery and its attendant electrical trailing cable. 

Refs 1) Anon, Field Maintenance 60-mm Mortars M2 and M19 , TM 9-3071-1 (Jan 1958) 2) Anon, Organizational Maintenance M577 Mortar, 107-mm, Self Propelled , TM 9-2300-224-20 (Dec 1961) 3) Collier s Encycl 2... 

Ontos. Designated as the M-50, this US Marine Corps system is a full-track self-propelled direct-fire and antitank weapon. It is aimed with six 106mm recoilless rifles, one. 30cal machine gun, and four. SOcal spotting rifles. It has a top speed of 40mph and a crew of three Ref J. Quick, Dictionary of Weapons and Military Terms , McGraw-Hill, NY (1973), 334... 

Tire traction describes the force transmission between tire and road under aU eventualities. It is the prerequisite for controlled steering, acceleration, and braking of self-propelled vehicles on flat tracks. It finds its upper limit in the frictional force when total sliding occurs. Two aspects have therefore to be considered The mechanics of force transmission of elastic wheels and its relation to rubber friction. 

The description of the motions of swimming bacteria like E. coli or molecular motors such as kinesin requires a knowledge of their propulsion mechanisms and the nature of the interactions between these micron and nanoscale objects and the surrounding fluid in which they move. These are only two examples of a large class of small self-propelled objects that one finds in biology. Propulsion occurs by a variety of mechanisms that usually involve the conversion of chemical... 

Synthetic nanoscale self-propelled objects have been constructed and studied recently [107-109]. The motors are made from bimetallic Pt-Au nanorods immersed in a H2O2 solution, which supplies the chemical energy to drive the motion. The catalytic reaction 2H202(ij > 02(g) I 2H20(ij occurs at the Pt... 

Multiparticle collision dynamics provides an ideal way to simulate the motion of small self-propelled objects since the interaction between the solvent and the motor can be specified and hydrodynamic effects are taken into account automatically. It has been used to investigate the self-propelled motion of swimmers composed of linked beads that undergo non-time-reversible cyclic motion [116] and chemically powered nanodimers [117]. The chemically powered nanodimers can serve as models for the motions of the bimetallic nanodimers discussed earlier. The nanodimers are made from two spheres separated by a fixed distance R dissolved in a solvent of A and B molecules. One dimer sphere (C) catalyzes the irreversible reaction A + C B I C, while nonreactive interactions occur with the noncatalytic sphere (N). The nanodimer and reactive events are shown in Fig. 22. The A and B species interact with the nanodimer spheres through repulsive Lennard-Jones (LJ) potentials in Eq. (76). The MPC simulations assume that the potentials satisfy Vca = Vcb = Vna, with c.,t and Vnb with 3- The A molecules react to form B molecules when they approach the catalytic sphere within the interaction distance r < rc. The B molecules produced in the reaction interact differently with the catalytic and noncatalytic spheres. 

Since hydrodynamic interactions are included in MPC dynamics, the collective motion of many self-propelled objects can be studied using this mesoscopic simulation method. 

A. Foumier-Bidoz, A. C. Arsenault, I. Manners, and G. A. Ozin, Synthetic self-propelled nanomotors, Chem. Commun. 441 (2005). 

Self-propelled objects, multiparticle collision dynamics, 133-136... 

Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) SAE is a resource for technical information and expertise used in designing, building, maintaining, and operating self-propelled vehicles for use on land, sea, in air or in space. Comprised of nearly 80,000 engineers, business executives, educators, and students from more than 97 countries, the network of members share information... 

ROCKET A self-propelled hrework with stick, or other mechanism, e.g. hns, for stabilisation of flight. 

Rocket. An unmanned self-propelled vehicle, with or without warhead, designed to travel above the surface of the earth and whose trajectory or course, while in flight, cannot be controlled. Excludes Guided Missiles and other vehicles whose trajectory or course, while in flight, can be controlled remotely (Ref 40a, p 122)... 

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