Final Thoughts

This chapter has been both a retrospective of our work and an overview of some studies which have been conducted since about 1980 on the negative effect during shear of lyotropic PLCs and the formation of band structures transverse to the shearing direction upon cessation of shear. The two phenomena are a manifestation of (1) liquid crystalline order, how this order is affected by forces imposed on molecules and domains during shear, and (2) how the stored energy relaxes after 

Both of these surprising phenomena now appear to be well understood. What was at first an enigma, a peculiar phenomenon, peculiar indeed, etc. has been amply verified and thoroughly explained. Neverthless a number of unanswered questions and intriguing experiments occurred to us, as we have noted. We enumerate those here. 

The negative effect has been seen in very few systems. Oddly, the two most studied polymers, PBG and HPC, are extremely different in flexibility. What is the factor or balance of factors which appears to be so difficult to achieve, and yet is readily achieved in these two extremely disparate systems Why is it that two such different polymers exhibit this phenomenon, yet it is not general PCBZL + m-cresol exhibits the negative effect [17] and should be intermediate in flexibility, yet has been little studied. Poly(benzyl-L-asparate) (PBA) does not [114]. What about other helical polypeptides  

Negative has been seen for PBG only in m-cresol. We found m-cresol to be convenient because its low vapor pressure prevented evaporation and concentration changes from becoming an issue. Is this merely a coincidence, or is there a connection Why does HPC show a negative in aqueous solutions and in m-cresol, but not acetic acid  

What is the effect of molecular weight distribution on negative Nft What is the origin and nature of the large periodic fluctuations in normal force observed in lyotropic but not isotropic solutions of PBG + m-cresol  

In looking over the sequence, I wonder if there is still room for improvement. Surely some effort on the alkylation of lithiated TMS-propyne might raise the efficiency of this lowest yielding step. Quite likely the Ni(0)-catalyzed coupling, which stands conservatively at 88%, can be increased perhaps substantially, as virtually all of the model systems on which it is based proceed in yields 90%. But this is not for us to do rather, should our academic route be pursued by industrial 

Bliznakov, E. G., Hunt, G. L. The Miracle Nutrient Coenzyme Qw, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press New York, 1986. Coenzyme Q biochemistry, bioenergetics, and clinical applications of ubiquinone, Lenaz, G., Ed. Wiley New York, 1985. Coenzyme Q molecular mechanisms in health and disease Kagan, V. E., Quinn, P. J., Eds. CRC Press Boca Raton, 2001. 

Garrett, R. H. Grisham, C. M. Biochemistry Saunders College Publishing Orlando, 1999. Stryer, L. Biochemistry W.H. Freeman and Company New York, 1995. Nelson, D. L., Cox, M. M. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Worth Publishers New York, 2000. 

Sinatra, S. T. The Coenzyme Qw Phenomenon Keats Publishing, Inc. New Canaan, 1998. 

Mitochonrial Ubiquinone Ebadi, M., Marwah, J., Chopra, R., Eds. Prominent Press Scottsdale, AZ, 2001, volumes 1,2. 

Pohland A, T7ie Great Collaboration 25 Years of Change, AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD, 2009. 

International Standards Organization, General Requirements for the Competence of Calibration and Testing Laboratories, ISO/IEC 17025 2005, Geneva, 2005. 

CAC/GL 27-1997, Guidelines for the Assessment of the Competence of Testing Laboratories Involved in the Import and Export Control of Food, Joint FAOAVHO Food Standards, Rome, 1997 (available at http //www. codexalimen tarius.net/download/standards/355/CXG 027e.pdf accessed 4/19/10). 

Thompson M, Wood R, International harmonized protocol for proficiency testing of (chemical) analytical laboratories. Pure Appl. Chem. 1993 65 2132-2144. 

Management is key to safety. Top-level management sets the culture, creates the safety poliq , and estabhshes the safety control structure. Middle management enforces safe behavior through the designed controls. 

Most people want to run safe organizations, but they may misunderstand the tradeoffs required and how to accomplish the goals. This chapter and the book as a whole have tried to correct misperceptions and provide advice on how to create safer products and organizations. Ihe next chapter provides a real-life example of a successful systems approach to safety. 

Stand to the side of a switch while operating the switch. Believe Murphy. If it can fail, IT WILL FAIL. 

Electrical Shock Safety Criteria, (J. E. Bridges, G. L. Ford, I. A. Sherman, M. Vainberg, eds.). Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Electrical Shock Safety Criteria, Pergamon Press, Elmsford, NY (1985) 

Cooper, W. F., Electrical Safety Engineering, Butterworth Co, London, Great Britain (1982) 

Department of Labor, Occupational Safely and Health Administration 29 CFR Part 1910, Occupational Safety and Health Standards for General Industry, Subpart S, Electrical, 1910.301 to 1910.399 including 1910.331 through 1910.335 Electrical Safely Related Woik Practices Subpart J, General Environmental Controls, 1910.147, The Control of Hazardous Energy Sources (Lockout/Tagout) 29 CFR Part 1926, Occupational Safety and Health Standards for the Construction Industry, Subpart K, Electrical, 1926.400 to 1926.449 

Electrical Inspection Illustrated, National Safety Council, ACAT 13030-0000 

The weaknesses in our K-12 STEM system have also been acknowledged by the National Research Council (NRC), who recently published a report entitled, Successful K-12 STEM Education Identifying Effective Approaches in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. The report, which came out at the end of 2011, identifies key elements of high-quality STEM education, which leaders and policymakers should address, in order to make improvements.  

Finally, the Next Generation Science Standards, a joint project by the National Research Council and the Achieve Group (and supported by 26 states), has seen 

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One final thought. Strike found that there are a lot of companies that do not sell sodium bisulfite (NaHSOa). In fact, a lot of companies list sodium bisulfite in their catalogs but tell the reader to see sodium metabisulfite instead because that is the only form of this compound they carry. In other words, a lot of companies sell sodium metabisulfite (NaaSaOs) as an acceptable alternative to the other. The Merck Index even says about sodium bisulfite that the [sodium] bisulfite of commerce consists chiefly of sodium metabisulfite, Nd2S20s, and for all practical purposes possesses the same properties as the true bisulfite". What this meant to Strike was that metabisulfite would work just as well. So some was purchased and tried. And it really does work just the samel... 

Regardie, Israel. An interview with Israel Regardie his final thoughts and views / edited by Christopher S. Hyatt introduction by J. Marvin Spiegelman. Edited by Christopher S. Hyatt and J. Marvin Spiegelman. Phoenix (AZ) Falcon P, 1985. x, 144 p. Includes Alchemy in the World Today (Which May or May Not Be Relevant)... 

An important final thought is that substantial efforts need to be made in the development of properly trained human resources both at companies and at regulatory agencies. Application of the methods mentioned in this chapter requires a substantial level of expertise that has not been part of the traditional training of industrial pharmacists and chemists, and... 

One final thought on the matter of cane toads could the presence of a mind-altering substance in their skin have given rise to all those children s stories about the girl who kisses a toad and turns him into a prince Perhaps. Who knows what you re going to see after you kiss one of those hallucinogenic warty-skinned amphibians. 

After the above-mentioned garments had lain for five years in my sleeping-chamber and I knew not what they were good for, I finally thought to bum them, in order to clean up the place. And then I spent the whole day going around with such thoughts. 

This stumped me until I finally thought of another question. 

Sawyer, Calculating God, 67. See also note 14 in Final Thoughts. ... 

Physical states of lipids some final thoughts... 

A final thought concerns the energy savings associated with the recovery of waste process heat for space heating purposes. In injection molding the heat removed from the mold by the chiller water is usually lost to the surroundings. This waste heat can be used to heat injection molding plants as reported by Haas (13). 

One final thought before the minefield is tackled management codes are guidelines only and differing opinions and business pressures can cause considerable discussion inside companies. It is possible for untrained or very focused minds to err from the path of righteousness and for the sake of our industry I urge real caution in this area. There are many examples of both deliberate and accidental errors in the area of food contact application for plastics and none of them are justifiable if the spirit of Responsible Care, product stewardship and consumer safety become, as they should be, the number one priority in a company. 

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