Fenn, John

Fenn, John B. (1917-). An American bom in New York City who won the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 2002 for his pioneering work concerning for the development of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules. Awarded an undergraduate degree from Berea College and Allied Schools, and a Ph.D. from Yale University. He was a long-time Professor at Princeton University. 

Fenn, John. B. 2002. Electrospray wings for molecular elephants. Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Prizes 2002, Editor Tore Frangsmyr, [Nobel Foundation], Stockholm, 2003. 

Electrospray ionization. Although the electrospray phenomenon was known since the beginning of the twentieth century, and the first description of its principle was published in 1968,[14] the breakthrough for ESI came in the mid 1980s from work by John Fenn[4] and a Russian research group. [15] (Fenn was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 2002.)... 

Mass spectrometry requires that the material being studied be converted into a vapor. Great strides have been taken in recent years to address this problem, especially in enticing large, thermally fragile (bio)molecules into the vapor state. Matrix assisted laser ionization-desorption (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) are two current forefront methods that accomplish this task. Even components of bacteria and intact viruses are being examined with these approaches. John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka shared in the award of a Nobel Prize in 2002 for their respective contributions to development of electrospray ionization and soft laser desorption. 

Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry - Fundamentals, Instrumentation and Applications 1st ed. Dole, R.B., editor John Wiley Sons Chichester, 1997. Fenn, J.B. Electrospray Wings for Molecular Elephants (Nobel Lecture). Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 3871-3894. Fuerstenau, S.D. Benner, W.H. Molecular Weight Determination of Megadalton DNA Electrospray Ions Using Charge Detection Time-of-Flight-MS. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1995, 9, 1528-1538. 

The year 2002 was an extraordinary year for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) practitioners. On October 9, 2002, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences annonnced their decision to award the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to John B. Fenn, Koichi Tanaka, and Kurt Wiithrich for their development of analytical methods for the identification and structnral analysis of biological macromolecnles. Fenn and Tanaka shared the prize for developing electrospray and soft-laser desorption, respectively. These soft-ionization techniqnes allow macromolecules to be ionized withont fragmentation. 

ESI has become the most commonly used interface for LC/MS. It was recognized by John Fenn and co-workers as an important interface for LC/MS immediately after they developed it as an ionization technique for MS. ESI transforms ions in solution to ions in the gas phase and may be used to analyze any polar molecule that makes a preformed ion in solution. The technique has facilitated the ionization of heat-labile compounds and high-molecular-weight molecules such as proteins and peptides. ESI is a continuous ionization method that is particularly suitable for use as an interface with FiPLC. It is the most widely accepted soft-ionization technique for the determination of molecular weights of a wide variety of analytes and, has made a significant impact on drug discovery and development since the late 1980s. 

John B. Fenn United States identification of biological macromolecules ... 

Electrospray (ESI) is an atmospheric pressure ionization source in which the sample is ionized at an ambient pressure and then transferred into the MS. It was first developed by John Fenn in the late 1980s [1] and rapidly became one of the most widely used ionization techniques in mass spectrometry due to its high sensitivity and versatility. It is a soft ionization technique for analytes present in solution therefore, it can easily be coupled with separation methods such as LC and capillary electrophoresis (CE). The development of ESI has a wide field of applications, from small polar molecules to high molecular weight compounds such as protein and nucleotides. In 2002, the Nobel Prize was awarded to John Fenn following his studies on electrospray, for the development of soft desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules. ... 

Prize in Chemistry for 2002 partly to John B. Fenn for his pioneering work in ESI-MS. The mechanism of the transformation of ions in solution to ions in the gas phase prior to their mass analysis in a mass spectrometer together with instrumentation and applications of ESI have been reviewed by Cole. ... 

The ability to cool (and eventually liquefy) gases by adiabatic expansion underlies industrial gas liquefaction processes. Adiabatic cooling of gaseous nozzle-jet expansions is also an important technique in modem molecular beam and mass spectrometric research. Thermodynamicist John Fenn, winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, pioneered many of the techniques of adiabatic nozzle-beam cooling. 

John B. Fenn 2002, Chemistry Development of electrospray ionization (ESI)... 

After those first attempts to establish analytical applications of electrospray, it took more than ten years for the first bona fide electrospray mass spectrometer to emerge [14]. Yamashita and Fenn published the first electrospray MS experiment in a 1984 paper which was appropriately part of an issue of the Journal of Physical Chemistry dedicated to John Bennett Fenn [15]. They electrosprayed solvents into a bath gas to form a dispersion of ions that was expanded into vacuum in a small supersonic free jet. A portion of the jet was then passed through a skimmer into a vacuum chamber containing a quadrupole mass filter. With this setup, a variety of protonated solvent clusters as well as solvent-ion clusters (Na+, Li+) could be de-... 

JOHN B. FENN NOBEL LAUREATE CHEMISTRY DEPT VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY BOX 842006... 

The symposium featured 36 invited speakers and 82 contributed presentations addressing issues in production, storage, distribution, safety, education, and economics. Professor John B. Fenn, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry addressed the opening session. The symposium was sponsored by Virginia Commonwealth University and endorsed by American Physical Society, Materials Research Society, and American Chemical Society. 

Dr. John Fenn, professor emeritus of chemical engineering of Yale University, shared the 2002 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his development of ESI mass spectrometry. 

John B. Fenn, Koichi Tanaka For their development of soft desorption ionization methods for mass spec-trometric analyses of biological macromolecules. ... 

All MS techniques require an ionization step in which an ion is produced from a neutral atom or molecule. In fact development of versatile ionization techniques has led to MS being the excellent analytical tool it is today. In 2002 the Nobel prize was shared by John Fenn and Koichi Tanaka for their development of electrospray and laser desorp-tion ionization, respectively. 

John Fenn received the Nobel Prize in 2002 (Rossi DT, Sinz MW. Mass Spectrometry in Drug Discovery). 

Mass spectrometry with its excellent sensitivity is emerging as one of the most powerful analytical techniques.16 Its importance was recognized by the awarding of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka for their research in mass spectrometric methods for biomolecules. The primary difficulties of combining LC and MS have been the interface, and the ionization of analytes in a stream of condensed liquids and transfer of ions into the high vacuum inside the mass spectrometry. Two common LC/MS interfaces are the electrospray ionization (ESI) and the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI). Figure 4.13a shows a schematic diagram of an... 

John Fenn United States United States... 

An impetus in the field of mass spectrometry (MS) analysis occurred in the early 1990s with the invention of two novel and soft ionization methods, electrospray ionization (ESI) by John Fenn and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) by Koichi Tanaka, who both shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2002. A second impetus, which is more diffuse, is currently occurring and consists of miniaturization. Whereas the intrinsic sensitivity of mass spectrometers has roughly remained the same for a couple of decades, the amount of material required for recording one spectrum has... 

Then, within a short period, both MALDI (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization) and electrospray ionization were introduced and found widespread use in biomolecular mass spectrometry. As noted earlier, Koichi Tanaka (MALDI) and John Fenn (electrospray ionization) were awarded the 2002 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for these innovations. Both MALDI and electrospray ionization are considered to be soft ionization techniques that induce little, if any, molecular fragmentation. 

John Fenn is generally credited for first developing the application of electrospray ionization with mass spectrometry (Fenn et al, 1989). Electrospray ionization is an atmospheric pressure ionization technique, in contrast to MALDl, which is normally carried out in vacuo. When used for mass spectrometry, atmospheric pressure ionization involves ionization at pressure, solvent removal and charge transfer to analyte molecules, and then introduction into the mass spectrometer via some sort of ion guide system. In electrospray ionization, the liquid... 

A major breakthrough in the analysis of proteins and peptides came about with the development of sensitive methods based on the use of mass spectrometry. The importance of these developments was recognised in 2002 with award of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to John Fenn (electrospray (ESI) ionization) and Koichi Tanaka (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) ionization) pioneers in the development of methods of ionisation that made protein and peptide MS a practicable procedure. These developments have led to MS being the method of choice for protein identification and characterisation of protein and peptides (Fig. 

---