Facility Location Results

Z(SR)—denotes the aggregated facility goodness indicator obtained using SR 

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Fig. 11.4 Graphical representation of facility location results (shades are used to represent population density) (Grabis et al. 2012)...

The site is an old battery and cleaning solution storage facility located in a rural area. Improper handling and storage activities at the site during a ten-year period, from 1968 to 1978, resulted in soil and groundwater contamination. 

Pace Incorporated. Results of the March 12-16, 1990 TDF Trial bum Testing on the Unit 3 Stack at the Champion International Corporation Facility Located in Sartell, Minnesota. 

SPA Typhoon obtains additional information in the course of casual expedition surveys in individual regions and thanks to participation in different international projects. As the result of 1992-2002 expedition smveys performed in radiation-hazardous facility location areas in Kola Gulf, the Kara Sea, Novaya Zemlia bays and the Japan Sea their 3D effects on the environment were discovered, and the contamination levels in seawater, bottom sediments and biota were established. 

Failure to optimize one or more of these parameters can result in cuts that produce broken pieces or appendages to the pellet, which, when expanded, break off and create dust and partial pieces. This situation is difficult to rectify at a convertor location or at a customer s facility and results in a continuous, undesirable, housekeeping problem. Figure 9.20 shows an equipment layout from the water bath through the packaging station. 

As a result, there have been development projects since the 18th century. Tide times can be predicted with astronomical accuracy and the height can be predicted to within 0.1 meter except when the weather is unusually violent. These characteristics could lead to a power source of great reliability. The largest of the current tidal power plants is a 50-year-old facility located in the Ranee Estuary in northern France. It produces 240 megawatts it is coupled to the commercial grid. 

This report describes the results of the Shawnee Lime and Limestone Wet Scrubbing Test Program conducted by EPA s Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (IERL-RTP). In this program, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) tests were conducted at the EPA 10 MW prototype Shawnee Test Facility located at the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) coal-fired Shawnee Power Station near Paducah, Kentucky. Bechtel Group, Inc. of San Francisco was the major contractor and test director, and TVA was the constructor and facility operator. Results of the program before July 1978 have been reported elsewhere (1.2) ... 

The problems presented above can be extended further when the facilities are not aU similar but are organized hierarchically, resulting in hierarchical facility-location problems. Similarly, when multiple, and sometimes conflicting, objectives are present, multiobjective facility-location problems are obtained. Finally, many models exist that deal with the location of undesirable facilities (e.g., hazardous waste dumps) where instead of wanting to minimize, we want to maximize some measure of the distance between the demand nodes (e.g., population centers) and the facilities. 

Abstract Transportation and facility location decisions are crucial in strategic supply chain design. Optimization models guide location decisions giving the optimal site selection under certain assumptions and constraints. It is an art to decide which model to use and how to modify the results based on the needs of a company. This chapter presents some of the important optimization models in supply chain. Mathematical formulations and solution procedures are also given. The models can be expanded for multi-echelon supply chains and/or include multiple products. 

The model-solving algorithm is responsible for solving the facility location model using the provided input data. The geographical information system is used to represent the modeling results. The representation is created by combining spatial data layers provided by different external data sources. 

In order to compute the aggregated location goodness indicator, a weighted sum of individual facility goodness indicators is computed. Importance of each indicator can be determined according to the results of empirical studies on practical importance of different facility location criteria. The model presented above uses just three facility location criteria although other criteria could be readily incorporated, if necessary. 

Operational failure reviews have been carried out at six facilities, allowing the results to be considered as rather general for both onshore and offshore facilities, in particular for facilities located in environments similar to those in Norway and on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. 

Results for Storage Facility Locations, Inventory, and Trips... 

Capacity allocation can be altered more easily than location, but capacity decisions do tend to stay in place for several years. Allocating too much capacity to a location results in poor utilization and, as a result, higher costs. Allocating too little capacity results in poor responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or high cost if demand is filled from a distant facility. 

Do not ignore quality-of-life issues. The quality of life at selected facility locations has a significant impact on performance because it influences the available workforce and its morale. In many instances, a firm may be better off selecting a higher-cost location if it provides a much better quality of life. Failure to do so can have dire consequences. For example, an aerospace supplier decided to relocate an entire division to an area with a lower standard of living in order to reduce costs. Most of the marketing team, however, refused to relocate. As a result, customer relations deteriorated, and the company had a very difficult transition. The effort to save costs hurt the company and effectively curtailed the firm s status as a major player in its market (Harding, 1988). 

The multi-period deterministic model that is developed next provides a flexible connectivity framework for the design of SCs. The model assumes that equipment is available for eventual installation at potential locations and assists in its selection. The model also allows the expansion of the capacities of the plant equipment, not only in the first planning period but also during any other period in which managers believe that opportunities to invest in facilities may result in a more favorable performance. The problem can be stated as follows ... 

This book is the result of a number of years experience in the compiling and editing of data useful to chemists. In it an effort has been made to select material to meet the needs of chemists who cannot command the unlimited time available to the research specialist, or who lack the facilities of a large technical library which so often is not conveniently located at many manufacturing centers. If the information contained herein serves this purpose, the compiler will feel that he has accomplished a worthy task. Even the worker with the facilities of a comprehensive library may find this volume of value as a time-saver because of the many tables of numerical data which have been especially computed for this purpose. 

A method for graphically displaying individual risk results is use of the risk contour, or risk isopleth. If individual risk is defined as the likelihood of someone suffering a specified injury or loss, then individual risk can be calculated at particular geographic locations around the vicinity of a facility or operation. If the individual risk is calculated at many points surrounding the facility, then points of equal risk can be connected to... 

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