Ethylhexyl Chloride

Boiling point 760 mm Hg 172.9 C Boiling range (ASTM) 90% between 136-142 C 40 rom 

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Organoalkali Initiators In general, the simple organoal-kali metal derivatives other than lithium are not soluble in hydrocarbon media. However, higher homologs of branched hydrocarbons are soluble in hydrocarbon media. The reaction of 2-ethylhexyl chloride and sodium metal in heptane produces soluble 2-ethylhexylsodium [60]. This initiator copolymerizes mixtures of styrene and butadiene to form styrene-butadiene copolymers with high (55-60%) vinyl microstructure [61, 62]. 

Ethyl-1-hexylamine. See 2-Ethylhexylamine 2-Ethylhexyl-3-aminopropyl ether. See Octyloxypropylamine Ethyl hexylate. See Ethyl caproate N-(2-Ethylhexyl)-bicyclo-(2,2,1)-hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide. See Dicarboximide 2-Ethylhexyl chloride CAS 123-04-6... 

Acetic anhydride cellulose derivative synthesis 2-Ethylhexyl chloride cellulose esters synthesis 2-Methylpropanal cellulose ether mfg. 

Diphenylamine Ethylamine 2-Ethylhexyl chloride Hydroquinone monomethyl ether Isoquinoline... 

Acetic acid Benzyl chloride Carbazole 2-Chlorophenol Copper Cyclohexanone 1,1 -Dichloro-1 -nitroethane Ethylene chlorohydrin 2-Ethylhexylamine 2-Ethylhexyl chloride... 

Crotonic acid 2-Ethylhexyl chloride 2-Methylpropanal Pyrocatechol Triisobutylene resin synthesis, coatings m-Divinyl benzene resin, automotive components Polyarylether ketone resin resin, blow moldings Ethylene/methyl acrylate copolymer Polyarylether ketone resin resin, coatings Epoxy-novolac resin, coatings UV-curable... 

Isostearic acid textile auxiliary synthesis Dimethylethanolamine 2-Ethylhexyl chloride, textile bleaching Hypochlorous acid textile chemical additive Lithium oxidized polyethylene textile chemical mfg. 

Ethylhexyl chloride Octyl chloride C8Hi7Cl3Si Octyltrichlorosilane C8H17N... 

By far the largest volume synthetic alcohol is 2-ethylexanol [104-76-7] CgH gO, used mainly in production of the poly(vinyl chloride) plasticizer bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [117-81-7], commonly called dioctyl phthalate [117-81-7] or DOP (see Plasticizers). A number of other plasticizer... 

Docusate Calcium. Dioctyl calcium sulfosuccinate [128-49-4] (calcium salt of l,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester butanedioic acid) (11) is a white amorphous soHd having the characteristic odor of octyl alcohol. It is very slightly soluble in water, and very soluble in alcohol, polyethylene glycol 400, and com oil. It may be prepared directly from dioctyl sodium sulfo succinate dissolved in 2-propanol, by reaction with a methan olic solution of calcium chloride. 

Uses. Phthabc anhydride is used mainly in plasticizers, unsaturated polyesters, and alkyd resins (qv). PhthaUc plasticizers consume 54% of the phthahc anhydride in the United States (33). The plasticizers (qv) are used mainly with poly(vinyl chloride) to produce flexible sheet such as wallpaper and upholstery fabric from normally rigid polymers. The plasticizers are of two types diesters of the same monohydric alcohol such as dibutyl phthalate, or mixed esters of two monohydric alcohols. The largest-volume plasticizer is di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [117-81-7] which is known commercially as dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and is the base to which other plasticizers are compared. The important phthahc acid esters and thek physical properties are Hsted in Table 12. The demand for phthahc acid in plasticizers is naturally tied to the growth of the flexible poly(vinyl chloride) market which is large and has been growing steadily. 

Diesters. Many of the diester derivatives are commercially important. The diesters are important plasticizers, polymer intermediates, and synthetic lubricants. The diesters of azelaic and sebacic acids are useflil as monomeric plasticizing agents these perform weU at low temperatures and are less water-soluble and less volatile than are diesters of adipic acid. Azelate diesters, eg, di- -hexyl, di(2-ethylhexyl), and dibutyl, are useflil plasticizing agents for poly(vinyl chloride), synthetic mbbers, nitroceUulose, and other derivatized ceUuloses (104). The di-hexyl azelates and dibutyl sebacate are sanctioned by the U.S. Food and Dmg Administration for use in poly(vinyl chloride) films and in other plastics with direct contact to food. The di(2-ethylhexyl) and dibenzyl sebacates are also valuable plasticizers. Monomeric plasticizers have also been prepared from other diacids, notably dodecanedioic, brassyflc, and 8-eth5lhexadecanedioic (88), but these have not enjoyed the commercialization of the sebacic and azelaic diesters. 

Whilst vinyl acetate is reluctant to copolymerise it is in fact usually used today in copolymers. Two of particular interest to the plastics industry are ethylene-vinyl acetate (Chapter 11) and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers (Chapter 12). In surface coatings internal plasticisation to bring the Tg to below ambient temperatures and thus facilitate film forming is achieved by the use of ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and dialkyl maleates and fumarates. 

Diethyl aniline, 54 Diethylcarbaniazine citrate, 54 Diethyl carbamyl chloride, 54 Diethyl chlorophosphate, 54 Diethylene triamine, 54 Diethyl ether, 54 Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 54 Diethyl ketone, 54 Diethyl-p-phenylenediamine, 54 Diethyl phthalate, 54 Diethylstilbestrol, 55 Diethyl sulfate, 55 Diethyl zinc, 55 Difluoromethane chloride, 55 Digitoxin, 55 Diglycidyl ether, 55 Digoxin, 55 Diisobutyl ketone, 55 Diisopropylamine, 55 Diisopropyl ether, 55 DIKAMIN , 2,4-D, 55 DIKONIRT , 2,4-D, 55 Dimefox, 55 Dimethoate, 55 3,3 -Dimethoxybenzidine, 55 n,n-Dimethylacetamide, 56 Dimethylamine, 56 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene, 56 Dimethylaminoethanol, 56 n,n-Dimethyl aniline, 56 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, 56 3,3 -Dimethylbenzidine, 56... 

Examples of other frequently used surfactants that able to form reversed micelles without the addition of cosurfactants are didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide [17], do-decylammonium propionate, benzyldimethylhexadecyl ammonium chloride [18], lecithin [19], tetraethyleneglycol monododecylether (C12E4) [20], decaglycerol dioleate [21], do-decylpyridinium iodide [22], and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate [23],... 

Two kinds of solution were prepared in advance. Solution A was a water solution containing an Si source, which was obtained by hydrolyzing metal alkoxide (tetraethylorthosilicate, TEOS) with a dilute tetrapropylammoniumhydroxide (TPA-OH)/water solution at room temperature. The molar ratio of Si to the template was 3. In peparation of ZSM-S zeolite nanoerystals, aluminium isopropoxide as an A1 source and sodium chloride were added into solution A. Solution B was an oi mic solution containing surfectant Nonionie surfactants, poljraxyethylene (15) cxslylether (C-15), polyoxyethylene (15) nonylphenylether (NP-15), and polyoxyethylene (15) oleylether (O-15), and ionic surfoctnnts, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosucdnate (AOT) and... 

Belova, V. V. Kholkin, A. I. Jidkova, T. I. Solvent extraction of palladium from chloride solutions by alkylammo-nium di(2-ethylhexyl)dithiophosphates. Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. 1999, 17, 1473-1491. 

Zincex [Zinc extraction] A process for extracting zinc from pyrite cinder leachate, using organic solvents. The chloride leachate is first extracted with a secondary amine, and then with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid to remove iron Developed by Tecnicas Reunidas, first commercialized in 1976, and now used in Spain and Portugal. 

Schwartz et al. [2] investigated the biodegradation of phthalic acid esters adsorbed in river sediments by repeated analysis of the sediment over a two-week period. The di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate content turned out to remain essentially constant (s.d., 5% n=10), irrespective of the absence or presence of a microbial inhibitor (500ppm of sodium azide or mercuric chloride added immediately after sampling) i.e. no marked biodegradation occurred. 

Plasticizers are used in the polymer industry to improve flexibility, workability, and general handling properties. Dibutyl sebacate and phthalates, such as dibutyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, and diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, serve widely as plasticizers in vinylidene chloride copolymers, nitrocellulose-coated regenerated cellulose film, and cellulose acetate (Castle et ah, 1988a). In PVC, di(2-ethylhexyl)... 

Human exposure to migrating substances (e.g., di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) may result in reproductive disorders. There is a hazard that vinyl chloride monomers or bisphenol A migrating into food may induce carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic episodes. 

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