Cellulose esters synthesis

T.F. Liebert and T. Heinze, "Tailored cellulose esters Synthesis and stmcture determination", Biomacromolecules, Vol. 6, pp. 333-340,2005. 

T. Heinze, T.F. Liebert, K.S. Pfeiffer, M.A. Hussain, Unconventional cellulose esters synthesis, characterization and structure-property relations. Cellulose 10 (3) (2003) 283-296. 

Uses Copromoter for cobalt-contg. polyester-accelerator systems solvent for cellulose ethers extractant ingred. of solvent mixts. for cellulose esters synthesis of nifedipine (a cardiac drug) org. synthesis reagent for Dane salt formation intermediate for vitamins, feed additives, pharmaceuticals, pesticides component for flavors and fragrances solvent for fragrances in cosmetics prod, of azo dyes Manuf./Distrib. Aceto http //www.aceto.com,... 

Acetic anhydride cellulose derivative synthesis 2-Ethylhexyl chloride cellulose esters synthesis 2-Methylpropanal cellulose ether mfg. 

Liebert T, Heinze T., Tailored cellulose esters Synthesis and structure determination. Biomacromolecules, 6,2005,333-340. 

Polymer Plasticizer. Nylon, cellulose, and cellulose esters can be plasticized using sulfolane to improve flexibiUty and to increase elongation of the polymer (130,131). More importantly, sulfolane is a preferred plasticizer for the synthesis of cellulose hoUow fibers, which are used as permeabiUty membranes in reverse osmosis (qv) cells (131—133) (see Hollow-FIBERMEMBRANEs). In the preparation of the hoUow fibers, a molten mixture of sulfolane and cellulose triacetate is extmded through a die to form the hoUow fiber. The sulfolane is subsequently extracted from the fiber with water to give a permeable, plasticizer-free, hoUow fiber. 

The main focus of this account is to review some aspects of the chemistry of cellulose esters. Emphasis is placed on the esterification reaction, carried out under the homogenous reaction conditions (HRC) scheme. Unconventional methods for the synthesis of cellulose derivatives, e.g., esters and ethers... 

Fig. 7 Use of tosyl chloride as an acid activator for the synthesis of cellulose esters, from [23]...

Fig. 8 Use of oxalyl chloride in the synthesis of cellulose esters in LiCl/DMAc, from [200]...

Uses Solvent for cellulose esters and resins in manufacturing of printing inks, nail polishes, polymerization and spinning of acrylonitrile, dyeing wool, polyvinyl chloride adhesives, esters, waxes, vegetable oils brake fluids solvent degreasing antiseptic organic synthesis. 

Cellulose esters of the 2-.. 3-. and 4-carbon acids are readily prepared by the cellulose-anhydride reaction the acetate ester and the mixed acetate butyrate and acetate propionate esters arc manufactured and used in large amounts. Esters of higher acids require different synthesis techniques and tend to be prohibitively expensive except as specialty products. Some arc in commercial production, however. Cellulose acclalc phlhalatc, for example, is manufactured for use as an enteric coating on pills. 

Cellulose esters of long-chain carboxylic acids (up to C2o) are described as interesting thermoplastic materials. An exhaustive review of all the synthesis methods... 

Film, cellulose acetate, I, 300 cellulose ester, I, 325 starch acetate, I, 297 Fischer cyanohydrin synthesis of higher-C sugars, I, 1-38... 

Synthesis of New Types of Phosphorus-Containing Cellulose Esters. 117... 

A number of methods can be employed (1) synthesis oS cellulose derivatives containing double bonds between the carbcm atoms erf the repeating unit can be effect by thermal decomposition of cellules alkylxanthates and dehydroiodination of iododeoxy derivative of cellulose (2) synthesis of cellulose ethers and esters containing multiple bonds between the C atoms ctf the alkyl (acyl) radical. 

Apart from the reaction with halogen derivatives, use was also made, for the synthesis of silicon-containing cellulose esters, of the reaction of alcoholysis, with cellulose, of tetraalkoxysilanes or alkyl(aryl)trialkoxy-silanes and the amides of siliconic acids (64) ... 

The synthesis of a low-substituted cellulose ester and a-hydroxy-fluoroisobutyric acid (DS = 0.06-0.07) has been accomplished by acylation of cellulose with hexafluorodimethylketene... 

The conversion of acidic cellulose phosphites prepared from dimethyl- and monomethylphosphites permit the synthesis of certain types of phosphorus-containing cellulose esters ... 

No systematic studies of the principles governing the synthesis of cellulose esters by the trans-esterification reaction had been available in the literature until the present authom published work permitting one to ascertain the relation between the reactivity cf low-mol ular-weight esters and their structure, and the direction trf the reactions involved. 

Use Solvent, especially for cellulose esters and ethers organic synthesis fumigant for fruits and vegetables. 

Use Solvent for cellulose esters and ethers, many natural and synthetic resins radio-tube cathode fixing lacquers dye intermediate pharmaceuticals, perfume preparations organic synthesis. 

Use Intermediate for rubber antioxidants and accelerators, for neopentyl glycol synthesis of amino acids, cellulose esters, flavors, etc. 

Use Solvent for cellulose ethers, ingredient of solvent mixture for cellulose esters, organic synthesis. 

Use Organic synthesis and chemical intermediate solvent for waxes, vegetable oils, natural and synthetic resins, cellulose esters and ethers polishing compositions brake fluids solvent degreasing antiseptic. 

Use Solvent for vinyl resins dyes for leather chlorinated rubber cellulose esters solvent softener for nylon vegetable oils coupling agent organic synthesis. 

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