Ethylene-propylene diene modified EPDM rubber

Other rubber systems have been commercially successful. Styrene block copolymers yield a HIPS product with a small particle size and provide high gloss. A mixed rubber system consisting of styrene-butadiene block rubber and/or ethylene-propylene diene modified (EPDM) rubber can be blended with the polybutadiene to form bimodal rubber particle size distribution for a... 

Bhowmick and co-workers [168] investigated the bulk and surface modification of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber and fluoro-elastomer by electron beam irradiation. The structure of the modified elastomers was analysed with the help of IR spectroscopy and XPS. The gel content, surface energy, friction coefficient and dynamic mechanical properties of bulk modified fluoro-elastomers and the surface-modified EPDMs were also measured. The resultant properties of the modified EPDM were correlated with the structural alterations. 

Recent findings indicated that this drawback can be overcome by using particular reinforcing agents, i.e. graft copolymers obtained by modifying saturated or low-unsaturated elastomers such as ethylene-propylene (EP) or ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubbers and acrylic elastomers (9-16). 

Electron beam modification of PTFE nanopowder resulted in increasing concentration of radicals and carboxyhc groups (—COO H) with increase in irradiation dose. Low-temperature reactive mixing of the modified PTFE with ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) rubber produced PTFE coupled EPDM rubber compounds with the desired physical properties due to the formation of a compatible interphase this was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) [56]. 

EPDM Ethylene-propylene-diene modified rubber... 

The insulation system for pitched roofs usually provides the advantage of a continuous, homogeneous insulating layer with an economy in construction. Bitumen (asphalt) as well as its different versions modified with various polymers and a number of different roofing membranes, i.e., preformed or liquid applied sheets of PVC, terpolymer of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (Hypalon), PU, butyl rubber, polychloroprene (Neoprene) [36], all have been used as insulating layers. 

Development of TPEs with various types of elastomers and polyolefins has been extensively reported by many researchers. Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) or its modified form is used as the elastomer in most polyolefin TPEs. Natural rubber (NR) and thermoplastic blends have become an area of interest only recently. These materials are known as thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR). The development of TPNR was principally based on the criteria set by EPDM blends with thermoplastics. Two types are known, one belonging to the TPO class and the other belonging to the TPV class. 

Impact-modified copolymer typically is a block copolymer with a rubbery component as one of the components of the matrix. In PP, this rubbery component typically is ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), a synthetic rubber. 

Thermoplastic polyolefins (TPOs) are composite blends of semicrystalline polypropylene and ethylene propylene copolymer (EPR) or ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), widely used in the automotive industry for the production of plastic car parts such as bumper fascia [1]. Polypropylene, which is the major component in such blends, is an inexpensive, easily proccessible polymer, although its poor mechanical properties necessitate the addition of a rubber-dispersed phase. The added rubber acts as an impact modifier by imparting improved ductility, crack resistance, and impact strength to the resulting TPO [1-4]. The cost-effectiveness, light weight, processability, and resilience of TPOs have made them increasingly viable alternatives to steel for bumpers and other car parts. 

Initial materials of this super-tough type were blends of nylon 66 with an ionomer resin (see Chapter 11). More recent materials are understood to be blends of nylon 66 with a modified ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber (EPDM rubber—also see Chapter 11). One such modification involves treatment of the rubber with maleic anhydride, this reacting by a Diels—Alder or other... 

FIGURE 31.8 Change in the coefficient of friction of modified dicumyl peroxide/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (DCPD/EPDM) with the concentration of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) at a fixed irradiation dose of 100 kGy. (G) Surface modified with 100 kGy, (A) Bulk modified with 100 kGy dose, ( ) Control EPDM rubber. (Erom Sen Majumder, P. and Bhowmick, A.K., Wear, 221, 15, 1998. With permission.)... 

A significant development is the appearance of supertough nylon plastics, which are blends in nylon-6,6 with other resins, such as an ionomer resin used in the initial grades or a modified ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber (EPDM rubber) used in later grades. 

Most of the earlier efforts have been paid in changing the surface character of clay minerals. Albeit the modified clay minerals are fairly compatible with the polar rubber like acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), etc., its dispersion in nonpolar rubbers like NR, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), butadiene rubber (BR), etc. is rather unsatisfactory. Figure 8.3(a) and (b) display the state of dispersion of organomodified... 

Like halobutyl rubber (HHR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) has a fully saturated backbone and has only unsaturation points available for vulcanization crosslinking in very small percentages of the pendent diene modifier (EPDM). It has good aging resistance and resistance to fatigue even when heavily loaded with fillers and is utilized in passenger tire white sidewalls. 

Research efforts on filled polymer blends have been more focused on nanopartide-filled systems [42, 43]. One usual observation is the same as those with microscopic fillers - polar nanofillers localize in more polar phases [44—53]. In cases where both phases are polar or nonpolar, the filler particles have been observed to be expelled from both phases in the blend [54—56]. Selective localization of nano-sized partides has been an interesting topic of research. We discuss some of the results here. Gahleitner et al. [57] observed a preferential localization of clay particles in PA6 droplets in PA6/PP blends. Recall that day, espedally montmorillonite, is highly polar in both its pristine and various organically modified forms [58-62]. Similarly, Wang et al. [63] reported selective localization of clay particles in maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM-MA) rubber droplets in poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/EPDM-MA blends. Selective localization of fillers other than clay particles has also been reported. Eor instance, Ou and Li [64] observed that toluene diisocyanate modified titania particles selectively localized in PA6 droplets in PP/ PA6/titania blends. 

BR, butyl rubber CB, carbon black CBS, cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolefulfenamide CNT, carbon nanotube CSPE, chlorosulfonate polyethylene CIP, carbonyl-iron powder EPM, ethylene propylene monomer EPDM, ethylene propylene diene monomer EVA, ethylene-vinyl acetate FSR, fluorosilane rubber GRP, graphite powder HGM, hollow glass microsphere lONP, iron oxide nanoparticle LDH, layered double hydroxide MBT, 2-mercaptobenzothiazol MMT, modified montmorillonite NR, natural rubber PAMAM, polyamidoamine R-EPDM, recycled ethylene propylene diene monomer SR, silicon rubber SBR, styrene-butadiene rubber TBBS, iV-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide. 

Polyolefin blends are of critical importance to the success of the material. Ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) immiscibly blends with PP as an impact modifier. It is the most common and most commercially utilised blend of polyolefins. High-density polyethylene (HOPE) can be added to this blend to achieve maximum toughness [11-13]. Applications include wire and cable insulation, automotive... 

In these studies, an advantage of in sim forming of chemically distinguished interphase was explored. Elastomers such as ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) were chemically modified to introduce polar groups onto their backbone chains. Most frequently, maleic anhydride and acrylic acid were used as the grafting comonomers (11-13). In... 

Modified rubbers Ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber Netherlands 3,457 1966 U.S. Rubber D a CD... 

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