Esters dimethyl phthalate

Many other compounds are presendy in use a 1993 database search showed 27 active ingredients in 212 products registered by the U.S. EPA for human use as repellents or feeding depressants, including octyl bicycloheptene dicarboxamide (A/-2-ethylhexylbicyclo[2.2.1]-5-hepten-2,3-dicarboxamide), dipropyl isocinchomeronate (2,5-pyridine dicarboxyhc acid, dipropyl ester), dimethyl phthalate, oil of citroneUa, cedarwood oil, pyrethrins, and pine tar oil (2). Repellent—toxicant or biting depressant systems are available which are reasonably comfortable for the user and can protect completely against a number of pests for an extended period of time (2). 

Mint A (1995) Investigation into the topical disposition of the phthalic acid esters, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate in rat and human skin (Ph.D. thesis) Imperial College, London... 

The phthalate esters are one of the most widely used classes of organic esters, and fortunately they exhibit low toxicity (82). Because of the ubiquitous nature of phthalates, many iavestigations have been conducted to determine their toxicides to marine life as well as ia mammals (83—85). Generally, phthalates are not absorbed through the skin and are not very potent when inhaled. The phthalates become less toxic as the alcohol group increases in molecular weight. For example, dimethyl phthalate has an oral LD q (mouse) of 7.2 g/kg, whereas di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate shows an oral LD q (rat) of greater than 26 g/kg. 

Of these dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is used in most compositions. It is cheap, has a high compatibility with secondary cellulose acetate and is efficient in increasing flexibility, toughness and the ease of flow at a given temperature. Its principal disadvantages are its high volatility and the fact that it increases the flammability of the compound. Similar in compatibility but rather less volatile is diethyl phthalate. This material has less of an influence on flexibility and flow properties than the methyl ester. 

Phthalate esters are widespread contaminants and the dialkyl phthalates are hydrolyzed before degradation of the resulting phthalate (Eaton and Ribbons 1982), which is discussed in Chapter 8, Part 3. For dimethyl phthalate, dimethyl terephthalate, and dimethyl isophthalate only partial hydrolysis may take place (Li et al. 2005). Cocaine is hydrolyzed to benzoate and ecgonine methyl ester by a strain of Pseudomonas maltophilia (Britt et al. 1992). 

Figure 12.12 THM GC/MS curves of a Winsor Newton lemon alkyd paint (a) and of an alkyd sample taken from Fontana s work Concetto spaziale (1961) (b). Peak assignments 1, 1,3 dimethoxy 2 propanol 2, 1,2,3 trimethoxy propane 3, 3 methoxy 1,2 propandiol 4, 4 chloro benzenamine 5, 3 methoxy 2,2 bis(methoxymethyl) 1 propanol 6, 3 chloro N methyl benzenamine 7, 3 methoxy 2 methoxymethyl 1 propanol 8, 4 chloro N methyl benzenamine 9, phthalic anhydride 10, 3 chloro 4 methoxy benzenamine 11, suberic acid dimethyl ester 12, dimethyl phthalate 13, azelaic acid dimethyl ester 14, sebacic acid dimethyl ester 15, palmitic acid methyl ester 16, oleic acid methyl ester 17, stearic acid methyl ester 18, 12 hydroxy stearic acid methyl ester 19, 12 methoxy stearic acid methyl ester 20, styrene 21, 2 (2 methoxyethoxy) ethanol 22, 1,1 oxybis(2 methoxy ethane) 23, benzoic acid methyl ester 24, adipic acid dimethyl ester 25, hexadecenoic acid methyl ester 26, dihydroisopimaric acid methyl ester 27, dehydroabietic acid methyl ester 28, 4 epidehydroabietol...

Wang Y, Fan Y, Gu J-D (2004) Dimethyl phthalate ester degradation by two planktonic and immobilized bacterial consortia. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 53 93-101... 

Fig. 10 Chemical structure of phthalate esters and bisphenol A. DMP dimethyl phthalate DEP diethyl phthalate DBP di-n-butyl phthalate DOP dioctyl phthalate DEHP diethyl-hexyl phthalate BBP butylbenzyl phthalate...

Phthalic acid, dimethyl ester, see Dimethyl phthalate... 

Chloroform, Chloropicrin, 1,1-Dichloroethylene, Endrin, Hexachlorocyclopentadiene, Methyl chloride. Methylene chloride, Tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1 -Trichloroethane, Trichloroethylene Phosphine, see Pentachlorobenzene, Phorate Phosphoric acid, see Dichlorvos, Ethephon. Glvphosate. Malathion, Mevinphos, Parathion, Sulfotepp, Tributyl phosphate, Trichlorfon Phosphoric acid, dimethyl ester, see Mevinphos, Oxvdemeton-methvl Phosphorothioic acid, see Parathion Photoaldrin, see Aldrin Photoaldrin chlorohydrin, see Dieldrin Photodieldrin, see Aldrin, Dieldrin Photoheptachlor, see Heptachlor Photoketoaldrin, see Aldrin Phthalaldehyde, see Naphthalene Phthalaldehydes, see Tolnene Phthalic acid, see Anthracene, Benzo[a]anthracene, Benzyl bntyl phthalate, Dichlone. Diethyl phthalate, Dimethyl phthalate, Naphthalene, Naptalam. I ene... 

Phthalate esters are used widely as plasticizers in commercial polymers and plastic endproducts such as PVC. One phthalate classified as a priority pollutant is suspected to be present in three pesticide processes. Dimethyl phthalate is known to be a raw material in two products. 

Synonyms 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester phthalic acid dimethyl ester methyl phthalate... 

The opposite can be observed with acidic analytes as shown in Figure 2.18. Here, with classical RP and methanol at pH 3 the best selectivity and peak shapes were observed. On the other hand, with the shielded phases, acetonitrile gives the best separation. As already discussed, with shield phases the retention of nonpolar components (here peak 6 dimethyl phthalate) is reduced, whereas that of phenolic components (e.g., peak 5 p-hydroxy benzoic acid methyl ester) is increased. 

Phthalate, Butyl Benzyl Butyl Benzyl Phthalate under Esters Phthalate, Dibutyl Dibutyl Phthalate, n under Esters Phthalate, DiethyUiexyl Diethylhexyl Phthalate under Esters Phthalate, Dimethyl Dimethyl Phthalate under Esters Phthalate, Dioctyl Di-ti-octyl Phthalate under Esters Picric Acid Trinitrophenol under Nitrophenols Platinum Plutonium... 

Lewis and Patton (16) have furnished more detailed information on plasticizer analysis by gas chromatography. They analyzed a number of plasticizers of the ester type, present in technical mixtures and in plastics, using a glass column (length 120 cm. diameter 0.5 cm.) heated to 283° C. by the vapor from boiling dimethyl phthalate. The column was packed with apiezone oil on Celite 545 helium flow was 50 ml./min. 

Wear nitrile rubber gloves, laboratory coat, and eye protection. Cover the spill with a 1 1 1 mixture by weight of sodium carbonate or calcium carbonate, clay cat litter (bentonite), and sand. Scoop into a container and transport to the fume hood. Add mixture to a beaker containing a solution of potassium hydroxide (3 g of KOH for each 5 g of dimethyl phthalate) in 1 1 mixture of methanol and water (25 mL for each 5 g of ester). Warm the mixture to about 60°C on a steam bath and keep at this temperature for 20 minutes. Swirl frequently. Cool and decant the solution into the drain. Dispose of the solid as normal refuse.4... 

EPA 1981. An exposure and risk assessment for phthalate esters Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate. Washington, DC U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Officeof Water Regulations and Standards. EPA-440/4-81-020. PB85-211936. 

Preparative mix Prepare a solution containing 20 mg/mL of dioctyl, dibutyl, and dimethyl phthalate by weighing 0.200 g of each ester into a 10-mL volumetric flask and bringing it to volume with THF. 

Avolin 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate benzenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester dimethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate dimethyl benzene-o-dicarboxylate dimethyl benzeneorthodicarboxy-late dimethyl o-phthalate o-dimethyl phthalate DMP Fer-mine Kodaflex DMP methyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Mipax Palatinol M phthalic acid dimethyl ester phthalic acid methyl ester Repeftal Solvanom Solvarone Unimoll DM. 

Ethylcellulose is compatible with the following plasticizers dibutyl phthalate diethyl phthalate dibutyl sebacate triethyl citrate tributyl citrate acetylated monoglyceride acetyl tributyl citrate triacetin dimethyl phthalate benzyl benzoate butyl and glycol esters of fatty acids refined mineral oils oleic acid stearic acid ethyl alcohol stearyl alcohol castor oil corn oil and camphor. 

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