Erosion tests

Table 3.49 Sea-water corrosion/erosion test carried out at 8 m/s at 28° C for 60 d...

Lightarowicz, A., Cavilating Jet Apparatus for Cavitation Erosion Testing, Erosion Prevention and Useful Applications, ASTM STP 664, p. 530-549 (1979)... 

Fig. 19.25 Vibratory cavitation-erosion test using magnetostriction...

Practice for making and using U-bend stress corrosion test specimens Recommended practice for laboratory immersion corrosion testing of metals Method for vibratory cavitation erosion test Practice for recording data from atmospheric corrosion tests of metallic-coated steel specimens... 

Practice for measurement of corrosion potentials of aluminium alloys Practice for conducting and evaluating galvanic corrosion tests in electrolytes Practice for liquid impingement erosion testing... 

Samples for erosion tests were cut and machined to dimensions approximately... 

Erosion tests were performed at room temperature in a gas-blast type erosion test rig described in detail elsewhere (Zhang et al., 2000). Mild steel was employed as the control material in each test. The test conditions used are as follows ... 

In order to elucidate the effect of the whisker orientation on the erosion behavior of material SN-C, erosion tests were carried out in directions both parallel and perpendicular to the whisker orientation. It is apparent that in the highly directional whisker-reinforced silicon nitride material, solid particle erosion in the direction parallel to the whisker orientation resulted in a faster rate of material removal compared to that in the perpendicular direction (Fig. 20.4). 

Spark erosion testing was performed using a specially made instrument in which a single, highly—reproducible spark was formed by the discharge of a 10 F capacitor at 3.5 kV though a precise gap in which the test surface... 

Equation (7.8) is very useful in connection with erosion testing in the laboratory. The proportionality with the particle concentration gives a unique possibility for realistic acceleration of the tests by using a larger sand concentration than that existing under service conditions. It also makes it easy to transfer the results to real sand concentrations. In this way, the testing time can be strongly reduced. 

Figure 8.1.10 Erosion test on magnesium, aiuminum, and zinc targets in toiuene at 20°C with a 13-mm stepped horn operating at 20kHz and 200W for 30min.

Figure 8. Aluminum phosphate-coated barium aluminosilicate (BAS) showed 30-40% improvement on erosion test. The eroded area during a sand erosion test is circled in the right side photograph.

During the transportation of natural resources, sand particles strikes the surface of the pipelines at different velocities and arbitrary angles which is more severe at an impact angle 30°-90°. Erosion tests at room temperature by solid particle impact were conducted for several different angles (30°, 45°, 60° and 90°) and air jet pressures (40 psi and 60 psi). The operating conditions for dry erosion test are summarized in Table 2. 

Specimens were weighed in a digital balance up to 5 decimal place before and after each erosion tests. Worn surfaces and wear debris were examined using a Hitachi S-4700 scanning electron microscope to determine possible wear mechanism operating under different test conditions. 

SEM and EDS analysis of the abrasive particle before and after the erosion test revels that metal cutting occurs by the sharp edge of the abrasive particle during the erosion process. 

Standard test method for conducting erosion tests by solid particle impingement using gas jets, G76-07. 

Although the size and shape of the specimen will depend on the purpose of the test, rectangular specimens of the dimensions 2.5 cm by 5 cm by 0.3 cm thick are common. A typical variation is found when a corrosion test requires the specimen to be mechanically stressed as part of the evaluation procedure. It would be normal in this case to use a standard tensile test specimen for the corrosion test. Other examples are the use of disk-shaped specimens for rotational erosion tests, or special configurations for stress corrosion, exfoliation, or crevice tests. 

ASTM G 73, Practice for Liquid Impingement Erosion Testing—The behavior of solid specimens that are exposed to discrete impacts of liquid may be evaluated by conducting studies according to this standard. Specimens are subjected to hquid sprays or jets and the weight loss (or other metal loss data) is recorded with exposure time. This method presents test apparatus, test specimens, test procedures, and calculations and analysis of erosion resistance. 

ASTM G 32, Method for Vibratory Cavitation Erosion Test— This standard presents a test method for determining the susceptibility of an alloy in an electrolyte to cavitation damage using high-frequency vibration. In general, the rate of erosion is determined by weight loss of the specimen. The method contains terminology definitions, a description of the apparatus, test specimen dimensions and preparation, test conditions, test procedures, interpretation of residts, and report considerations. 

O] ASTM Test Method G 76-95 Standard Method for Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. 

ASTM G73—Practice for Liquid Impingement Erosion Testing... 

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