Aluminium and alloys

Metal closures are still in wide use, being manufactured from tinplate, aluminium and alloys of aluminium, and these cover screw closures, various forms of lidding, aerosol valves, overseals (e.g. for vials), etc. 

Metals and alloys are commonly divided into two major types, Ferrous or Non-Ferrous. The former are alloys of iron while the latter includes the remainder of the metals including copper, lead, tin, silver, gold and aluminium and alloys of these metals. Ferrous materials can be divided into three types as follows ... 

In the aerospace industry, aluminium and alloys are used widely and there are essentially two steps used to prepare these surfaces for bonding, i.e., an etching or anodisation process (to maximise adhesive strength) and a priming process (to prevent corrosion of assembled joints). 

Aluminium and alloys of the series 1000, 3000,5000 and 6000, as well as casting alloys with silicon (series 42000), are widely used in the synthesis of acetic acid (Othmer, Hoechst, Wacker, etc. processes) [8], for its transportation (in barrels or tank wagons) and storage, and in heaters of glacial acid. 

The use of peroxyacids, including PMSA, makes it possible to improve photometric method of nickel determination - to increase selectivity, accuracy and reproducibility of measurements. Peroxyacids as oxidants ai e used for nickel determination in aluminium and copper alloys, natural waters, stomatological products. 

Specification for wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for engineering purposes bars, extruded round tubes and sections 7,13/1991 B.S 1474/1987 6362, 209-1. 2... 

Metals and alloys Iron and steels Aluminium and its alloys Copper and its alloys Nickel and its alloys Titanium and its alloys... 

Aluminium-lithium alloys Al -r 3 Li Low density and good strength aircraft skins and spars. 

No fewer than 14 pure metals have densities se4.5 Mg (see Table 10.1). Of these, titanium, aluminium and magnesium are in common use as structural materials. Beryllium is difficult to work and is toxic, but it is used in moderate quantities for heat shields and structural members in rockets. Lithium is used as an alloying element in aluminium to lower its density and save weight on airframes. Yttrium has an excellent set of properties and, although scarce, may eventually find applications in the nuclear-powered aircraft project. But the majority are unsuitable for structural use because they are chemically reactive or have low melting points." ... 

Aluminium and magnesium melt at just over 900 K. Room temperature is 0.3 T and 100°C is 0.4 T, . Substantial diffusion can take place in these alloys if they are used for long periods at temperatures approaching 80-100°C. Several processes can occur to reduce the yield strength loss of solutes from supersaturated solid solution, overageing of precipitates and recrystallisation of cold-worked microstructures. 

The aluminium casting alloys are mostly based on the Al-Si system (phase diagram Fig. A1.31). It is a classic eutectic system, with a eutectic point at about 11% Si and... 

SAND CASTING PROCESS CAPABILITY MAP FOR ALUMINIUM AND MAGNESIUM ALLOYS... 

Hot extrusion - Aluminium and magnesium alloys Extrusion - Tliermoplasties Extrusion - Elastomers Cold extrusion... 

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