Epoxidized oils triglycerides

The epoxidation of vegetable oil triglycerides is a well-known technology. Epoxidized vegetable oils found use in other industrial applications before their... 

One species of Euphorbia in Brazil (Bernardia pulchelld) has been determined to contain more than 90% vemolic acid in the triglyceride [120]. This level of single-component purity is equivalent to the level of ricinoleic acid typically found in castor oil. These different varieties of epoxidized oil plants will probably continue to be the subject of agricultural development in the coming years. 

In contrast to previous work, our approach is to incorporate nitrogen into the triglyceride structure in different ways to produce various types of SBO derivatives. For example, Biswas, et al (8) have grafted diethylamine onto epoxidized oil, using ZnCla as a catalyst (Figure 1). 

Esen, H., Kusefoglu, S. and Wool, R. (2007) Photolytic and free-radical polymerization of monomethyl maleate esters of epoxidized plant oil triglycerides. Journal cf Applied Polymer Science, 103(1), 626-633. Ozturk, C. and Kusefoglu, S.H. (2010) Polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil with maleinized soybean oil and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene mixtures. Journal cf Applied Polymer Science, 118(6), 3311-3317. 

Esen, H. and Kuesefoglu, S.H. (2003) Photolytic and free-radical polymerization of dnnamate esters of epoxidized plant oil triglycerides. Journal of Applied Polymer Sderwe, 89(14), 3882-3888. 

Tu, Y.-C, Suppes, G.J. and Hsieh, F.-H. (2008) Water-blown rigid and flexible polyurethane foams containing epoxidized soybean oil triglycerides. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 109(1), 537-544. 

Triglycerides, Soybean oil. Castor oU, Sunflower oil. Oil-based polymers. Fatty acids, Epoxidized oils. Interpenetrating networks, CrossUnking of oils. Oil-based polyurethanes, OU-hased polyamides. Oil-based polyester-amides. Oil-based alkyd resins. Oil-based polyesters. Oil-based poly(hydroxyalkanoates)... 

Other triglyceride oils that are being investigated as IPN monomers include vemonia oil and lesquerella oil. Vernonia oil, a naturally epoxidized oil. 

The use of epoxidized oils to prepare the SINs discussed in this paper illustrates the broad range of chemistry possible with triglyceride oils. In the past, most oils chemistry was limited to the pol mierization of the double bonds. However, research on vernonia oil (12), which also contains epoxy groups and castor oil (9), which contins hydroxyl groups, shows that many chemical derivatives of the oils can and should be used to prepare polymers from renewable resources. 

Epoxy Plasticizer n (epoxides plasticizer) Any of a large family of plasticizers obtained by the epoxidation of vegetable oils or fatty acids. The two main types are (a) epoxidized unsaturated triglycerides, e.g., soybean oil and linseed oil and (b) epoxidized esters of unsaturated fatty acids e.g., oleic acid, or butyl-, octyl-, or decyl- esters. Most epoxy plasticizers have a heat-stabilizing effect and they are often used for stabilization in conjunction with other stabilizers. Epoxidized oils generally have good resistance to extrusion and migration and low volatility, but they cannot be used as sole plasticizers in unfilled vinyl compounds and hence are not considered to be primary plasticizers. Certain epoxidized soybean oils have been FDA-approved for food-contact use. 

For this purpose, for the preparation of rapeseed and linseed oil-based polyols a two-step process was applied.In the first step, the double bonds of the unsaturated triglycerides were transformed into oxirane rings with acetate peroxyacid to form epoxidized oil. In the second step, the ring opening reactions of the epoxy groups with monoethylene glycol (MEG) or DEG afforded the oil-based polyols. For rapeseed and linseed oils, it was reported that microwave irradiation can be applied for both steps of the process. In comparison to the processes under conventional conditions, reduction of the reaction time of epoxidation reaction (ca. 60%) and, then, the hydroxylation step (ca. 75%) was observed. 

Linseed oil, butyl ester, epoxidized. See Epoxidized linseed oil, butyl ester Linseed oil, epoxidized. See Epoxidized linseed oil Linseed oil fatty acid. See Linseed acid Linseed oil triglycerides Uses Defoamer in food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory FDA21CFR 176.210 Liquefied hydrocarbon gas. See Petroleum gases, liquefied Liquid bleach. See Sodium hypochlorite Liquid ethylene. See Ethylene Liquid paraffin Liquid petrolatum. See Mineral oil... 

There are two sources of epoxidized triglycerides, the first is the isolation of naturally epoxidized oUs, and the other is the preparation of epoxidized triglycerides via oxidation of the more readily available unsaturated seed oils. 

The resulting polyol resembles the product that is hypothesized for the oligomerization of triglycerides via air oxidation, with the exception that there is a large increase in the hydroxyl content of the polyol product, and there is very little, if any, of the starting epoxide left unreacted. In addition, the epoxidation process does not produce low molecular weight chain scission products, which are a by-product of the blown oil process. The hydroxylation of epoxidized triglycerides is illustrated in Fig. 17. 

ATMET of a triglyceride-based multifunctional monomer [125]. The ring opening of epoxidized soybean oil with 4-vinyl benzene sulfonic acid provided monomers suitable for metathesis polymerization. The bulk reaction of this monomer in the presence of C5 afforded a thermosetting material with a Tg of — 1.6°C. 

Phase Separation of Two-Phase Epoxy Thermosets That Contain Epoxidized Triglyceride Oils... 

Two epoxidized triglyceride oils, vemonia oil (VO) and ESO, which have similar molecular structures and molecular weights but different polarities and functionalities, were used to prepare two liquid rubbers vemonia rubber (VR) and epoxidized soybean rubber (ESR). Both rubbers were prepared by pre-... 

At the end of this chapter, the effect of two other epoxidized triglyceride oils—epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and epoxidized crambe oil (ECO)—on the phase separation of DGEBA thermosets is discussed as well. 

In summary, the results show that a small variation in the nature (i.e., polarity and functionality) of the diamine or the epoxidized triglyceride oil leads to a big difference in thermoset morphology in terms of particle-size distribution (Table V) and phase inversion (Table VI). In addition to the nature of the diamines and the oils, other factors, such as their reactivity, are expected to influence the phase-separation process. Although we do not have data, a small difference in the cure rates of the DDM formulations at 75 °C and the DDS formulations at 150 °C might affect both the particle-size distribution and phase inversion. 

Epoxidized Crambe Oil (ECO). The preliminary preparation of liquid rubbers is a major shortcoming for using epoxidized triglyceride oils... 

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