Nitrogen incorporation into

Based on the IR spectroscopy, evidence that nitrogen incorporation into a-C H films may occur in the periphery of condensed aromatic rings [10], Mansur and... 

Isotopic Tracing with l NO. To trace out the dynamics of nitrogen incorporation into the products under conditions where the surface coverage by adsorbed NO remains constant, experiments... 

Nitrogen balance is the (normal) condition in which the amount of nitrogen incorporated into the body each day exactly equals the amount excreted. 

In amido derivatives used as precursors to nitrides, the presence (e.g. in V(NEt2)4) of alkyl groups that could self-eliminate to alkenes, was not sufficient to ensure nitrogen incorporation into the films, and addition of NH3 was necessary. More important was control of the molar fraction of V(NEt2)4 and NH3 in the gas phase, which allowed the formation of vanadium carbonitride films with variable and adjustable stoichiometry. 

White, D. S., and B. L. Howes. 1994. Nitrogen incorporation into decomposing litter of Spartina alterniflora. Limnology and Oceanography 39 133-139. 

Nitrogen incorporated into urea in the Ever originates from both intrahepatic and extrahep-atic sources. Urea contains two nitrogen atoms one is derived from ammonium, while the other is derived from aspartic acid. In Ever hepato-cytes, ammonium is generated by the oxidative deamination of glutamic acid, catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase,... 

Figure 18-2. Nitrogen ( ) incorporation into benzoate and phenylacetate as phenylacetylglutamine (PAG) and hippuric acid (HA) provide an alternate path to urea for waste nitrogen excretion.

Proline, histidine, and tryptophan are heterocyclic amino acids. Proline has its nitrogen incorporated into a five-membered ring—it is the only amino acid that contains a secondary amino group. Histidine is an imidazole-substituted alanine. Imidazole is an aromatic compound because it is cyclic and planar and has three pairs of delocalized tt electrons (Section 21.11). The pA a of a protonated imidazole ring is 6.0, so the ring will be protonated in acidic solutions and nonprotonated in basic solutions (Section 23.3). 

The identification of nitrogen functionalities by application of the XPS technique is complicated. Nevertheless, this type of analysis has become more and popular [101,103,105,244,250,253]. Jansen and co-workers used the XPS data of the curve fit of Nls spectra to study the chemical state of nitrogen incorporated into carbon [101]. The assignment of the binding energies of the N1 specbum is presented in Table 2.5. 

Va is the nitrogen absorbed in proteins on the test diet Vj is the nitrogen incorporated into the body on the test diet... 

Figure 36 Raman spectra of (a) DLC and (b) aC N films both depositied at a bias voltage of — 150 V [91]. (Reproduced from Diamond and Related Materials, 8, Fung, M. K., et al.. Effect of nitrogen incorporation into diamond-like carbon films by ECR-CVD, pp. 472-476. Copyright 1999, with permission from Elsevier Science.)...

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