Triglycerides epoxidation

The epoxidation of vegetable oil triglycerides is a well-known technology. Epoxidized vegetable oils found use in other industrial applications before their... 

There are two sources of epoxidized triglycerides, the first is the isolation of naturally epoxidized oUs, and the other is the preparation of epoxidized triglycerides via oxidation of the more readily available unsaturated seed oils. 

One species of Euphorbia in Brazil (Bernardia pulchelld) has been determined to contain more than 90% vemolic acid in the triglyceride [120]. This level of single-component purity is equivalent to the level of ricinoleic acid typically found in castor oil. These different varieties of epoxidized oil plants will probably continue to be the subject of agricultural development in the coming years. 

The resulting polyol resembles the product that is hypothesized for the oligomerization of triglycerides via air oxidation, with the exception that there is a large increase in the hydroxyl content of the polyol product, and there is very little, if any, of the starting epoxide left unreacted. In addition, the epoxidation process does not produce low molecular weight chain scission products, which are a by-product of the blown oil process. The hydroxylation of epoxidized triglycerides is illustrated in Fig. 17. 

A well-controlled foaming study of epoxidized/hydroxylated triglyceride polyols in low-density slabstock grade foams was performed by Zhang et al. 

The elution factors in normal-phase TLC and RP-HPLC, using a fixed set of chromatographic parameters, were determined for a series of saturated triacylglycerides with TCN from C30 to Ceo, serving as reference compounds and various oxidation derivatives of analogous unsaturated triglycerides, including hydroperoxides, peroxides, epoxides, core aldehydes and their DNP derivatives. From these measurements, a series of incremental... 

ATMET of a triglyceride-based multifunctional monomer [125]. The ring opening of epoxidized soybean oil with 4-vinyl benzene sulfonic acid provided monomers suitable for metathesis polymerization. The bulk reaction of this monomer in the presence of C5 afforded a thermosetting material with a Tg of — 1.6°C. 

Phase Separation of Two-Phase Epoxy Thermosets That Contain Epoxidized Triglyceride Oils... 

Two epoxidized triglyceride oils, vemonia oil (VO) and ESO, which have similar molecular structures and molecular weights but different polarities and functionalities, were used to prepare two liquid rubbers vemonia rubber (VR) and epoxidized soybean rubber (ESR). Both rubbers were prepared by pre-... 

At the end of this chapter, the effect of two other epoxidized triglyceride oils—epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and epoxidized crambe oil (ECO)—on the phase separation of DGEBA thermosets is discussed as well. 

In summary, the results show that a small variation in the nature (i.e., polarity and functionality) of the diamine or the epoxidized triglyceride oil leads to a big difference in thermoset morphology in terms of particle-size distribution (Table V) and phase inversion (Table VI). In addition to the nature of the diamines and the oils, other factors, such as their reactivity, are expected to influence the phase-separation process. Although we do not have data, a small difference in the cure rates of the DDM formulations at 75 °C and the DDS formulations at 150 °C might affect both the particle-size distribution and phase inversion. 

Epoxidized Crambe Oil (ECO). The preliminary preparation of liquid rubbers is a major shortcoming for using epoxidized triglyceride oils... 

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